Experimental studies of the various soils bedding influence on the stress-strain state of a layered subsoil base of the slab foundation

The purpose of the study is to reveal the effect of the stress-strain state of the three-layer soil base of the slab foundation with a rigid underlying layer, which is heterogeneous along the depth of the ground. The main results of the study are obtaining relative deformations in the soil massif and the settlement of ground values of each layer. The results of experimental studies are obtained in the form of a deformation pattern of a layered base, distribution graphs of compressive stresses in the soil in depth and in a horizontal plane. The significance of the results achieved for the construction area is to establish the mutual influence of various soils on the stress-strain state of the laminate basement of the slab foundation. The presence of a dense top layer in a laminate base significantly increases its distribution ability. The stress distribution is proportional to the load-carrying capacity of the individual base layers. On the boundary between the layers, a jump in the compressive stresses may occur, which indicates the presence of shear deformations in the contact layer

Cadena perpetua: 25 años de investigación criminológica y psicológica (1993-2018)

Our study of 28 life convicts serving their sentences in special-regime correctional institutions in Altai Krai Federal Department of Corrections show that 70% of them are on the operational record as prone to escape, hostage-taking and suicide; 72% are recognized as persistent violators of the detention regime; only 28% have signs of guilt and remorse (72% admitted partially and did not repent); 88% have a high level of aggressiveness and conflict, and 64% of professional and social skills are unstable, and 4% - not formed at all. While the majority of this people is of 60-65 years, 90% of them have lost social contacts, professional and labor skills. As a rule, these are disadapted individuals in the conditions of new life realities, who have retained their experience of criminal activity and a high degree of social danger, and 70% of them will need social patronage after their release.Nuestro estudio de 28 condenados a cadena perpetua que cumplen sus condenas en instituciones correccionales de régimen especial en el Departamento Correccional Federal de Altai Krai muestra que el 70% de ellos están en el registro operativo como propensos a escapar, tomar rehenes y suicidarse; 72% son reconocidos como violadores persistentes del régimen de detención; solo el 28% tiene signos de culpa y remordimiento (72% admitió parcialmente y no se arrepintió); El 88% tiene un alto nivel de agresividad y conflicto, y el 64% de las habilidades profesionales y sociales son inestables y el 4% no está formado en absoluto. Si bien la mayoría de esta gente tiene entre 60 y 65 años, el 90% de ellos han perdido contactos sociales, habilidades profesionales y laborales. Como regla general, estos son individuos desadaptados en las condiciones de las nuevas realidades de la vida, que han conservado su experiencia de actividad criminal y un alto grado de peligro social, y el 70% de ellos necesitará patrocinio social después de su liberación

Sputtered NbN Films for Ultrahigh Performance Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors

Nowadays ultrahigh performance superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors are the key elements in a variety of devices from biological research to quantum communications and computing. Accurate tuning of superconducting material properties is a powerful resource for fabricating single-photon detectors with a desired properties. Here, we report on the major theoretical relations between ultrathin niobium nitride (NbN) films properties and superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors characteristics, as well as ultrathin NbN films properties dependence on reactive magnetron sputtering recipes. Based on this study we formulate the exact requirements to ultrathin NbN films for ultrahigh performance superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. Then, we experimentally study ultrathin NbN films properties (morphology, crystalline structure, critical temperature, sheet resistance) on silicon, sapphire, silicon dioxide and silicon nitride substrates sputtered with various recipes. We demonstrate ultrathin NbN films (obtained with more than 100 films deposition) with a wide range of critical temperature from 2.5 to 12.1 K and sheet resistance from 285 to 2000 ~$\Omega$/sq, as well as investigate a sheet resistance evolution over for more than 40\% within two years. Finally, we found out that one should use ultrathin NbN films with specific critical temperature near 9 K and sheet resistance of 400 ~$\Omega$/sq for ultrahigh performance SNSPD.Comment: The following article has been submitted to APL Materials. After it is published, it will be found at https://pubs.aip.org/aip/apm. Copyright 2023 Author(s). This article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) Licens

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Overexpression of Pericentromeric HSAT2 DNA Increases Expression of EMT Markers in Human Epithelial Cancer Cell Lines

Pericentromeric tandemly repeated DNA of human satellites 1, 2, and 3 (HS1, HS2, and HS3) is actively transcribed in some cells. However, the functionality of the transcription remains obscure. Studies in this area have been hampered by the absence of a gapless genome assembly. The aim of our study was to map a transcript that we have previously described as HS2/HS3 on chromosomes using a newly published gapless genome assembly T2T-CHM13, and create a plasmid overexpressing the transcript to assess the influence of HS2/HS3 transcription on cancer cells. We report here that the sequence of the transcript is tandemly repeated on nine chromosomes (1, 2, 7, 9, 10, 16, 17, 22, and Y). A detailed analysis of its genomic localization and annotation in the T2T-CHM13 assembly revealed that the sequence belonged to HSAT2 (HS2) but not to the HS3 family of tandemly repeated DNA. The transcript was found on both strands of HSAT2 arrays. The overexpression of the HSAT2 transcript increased the transcription of the genes encoding the proteins involved in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, EMT (SNAI1, ZEB1, and SNAI2), and the genes that mark cancer-associated fibroblasts (VIM, COL1A1, COL11A1, and ACTA2) in cancer cell lines A549 and HeLa. Co-transfection of the overexpression plasmid and antisense nucleotides eliminated the transcription of EMT genes observed after HSAT2 overexpression. Antisense oligonucleotides also decreased transcription of the EMT genes induced by tumor growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1). Thus, our study suggests HSAT2 lncRNA transcribed from the pericentromeric tandemly repeated DNA is involved in EMT regulation in cancer cells

Life Imprisonment: 25 Years of Criminological and Psychological Research (1993-2018)

Our study of 28 life convicts serving their sentences in special-regime correctional institutions in Altai Krai Federal Department of Corrections show that 70% of them are on the operational record as prone to escape, hostage-taking and suicide; 72% are recognized as persistent violators of the detention regime; only 28% have signs of guilt and remorse (72% admitted partially and did not repent); 88% have a high level of aggressiveness and conflict, and 64% of professional and social skills are unstable, and 4% - not formed at all. While the majority of this people is of 60-65 years, 90% of them have lost social contacts, professional and labor skills. As a rule, these are disadapted individuals in the conditions of new life realities, who have retained their experience of criminal activity and a high degree of social danger, and 70% of them will need social patronage after their release

Transient Attitude Motion of TNS-0#2 Nanosatellite during Atmosphere Re-Entry

Attitude motion reconstruction of the Technological NanoSatellite TNS-0 #2 during the last month of its mission is presented in the paper. The satellite was designed to test the performance of the data transmission via the Globalstar communication system. This system successfully provided telemetry (even during its atmosphere re-entry) up to an altitude of 156 km. Satellite attitude data for this phase is analyzed in the paper. The nominal satellite attitude represents its passive stabilization along a geomagnetic field induction vector. The satellite was equipped with a permanent magnet and hysteresis dampers. The permanent magnet axis tracked the local geomagnetic field direction with an accuracy of about 15 degrees for almost two years of the mission. Rapid altitude decay during the last month of operation resulted in the transition from the magnetic stabilization to the aerodynamic stabilization of the satellite. The details of the initial tumbling motion after the launch, magnetic stabilization, transition phase prior to the aerodynamic stabilization, and subsequent satellite motion in the aerodynamic stabilization mode are presented

Diagnostic criteria for identification of filtration flows during horizontal well tests

Актуальность работы обусловлена необходимостью выделения фильтрационных режимов течения для определения гидродинамических параметров нефтяных пластов в процессе проведения нестационарных испытаний горизонтальных скважин по кривым восстановления забойного давления. Целью исследования является разработка диагностических критериев детерминированных моментов давлений для выделения фильтрационных режимов течения в процессе нестационарных гидродинамических испытаний горизонтальных скважин нефтяных месторождений по кривым восстановления давления. Методы исследования основаны на теории и практике нестационарных испытаний горизонтальных скважин, линейной алгебре, идентификации систем, системном анализе. Апробация предложенных диагностических критериев осуществлялась с использованием промысловых данных нестационарных испытаний нефтяных горизонтальных скважин по кривым восстановления забойного давления. Результаты. Разработаны диагностические критерии выделения на кривой восстановления забойного давления участков раннего радиального, линейного и позднего радиального (псевдорадиального) потоков в процессе проведения гидродинамических исследований горизонтальных скважин нефтяных месторождений. В основе диагностических критериев использованы оценки детерминированных моментов давлений, полученные в процессе проведения испытаний горизонтальных скважин. Для определения неизвестных значений пластовых и забойных давлений на недовосстановленном участке кривой восстановления забойного давления использованы феноменологические прогнозирующие модели забойного давления с параметрами, зависящими от времени, с учетом экспертной оценки пластового давления, и адаптивные алгоритмы идентификации. Проводилась обработка результатов испытаний двух горизонтальных скважин нефтяного месторождения. Показано, что предложенные диагностические критерии практически не уступают по точности графоаналитическому методу выделения режимов фильтрации и позволяют определять время начала и завершения фильтрационных потоков, а также время завершения испытаний скважин в процессе их проведения без участия квалифицированного интерпретатора.The relevance of the research is caused by the need to identify the filtration flow regimes for operational determination of hydrodynamic parameters of oil reservoirs during horizontal well tests by bottomhole pressure buildup curves The main aim of the research is to develop diagnostic criteria of deterministic pressure moments for identification of filtration flow regimes during horizontal well tests in oil fields by pressure recovery curve. The methods are based on theory and practice of non-stationary horizontal well tests, linear algebra, system identification, system analysis. The proposed diagnostic criteria were tested on the basis of field data of horizontal well tests in oil field by bottomhole pressure buildup curve. The results. The authors have developed the diagnostic criteria for identification of early-radial, linear and late-radial (pseudoradial) flow regimes on pressure buildup curve during horizontal well tests in the oil fields. The diagnostic criteria are based on the estimates of deterministic pressure moments obtained during horizontal well tests. To define the unknown values of reservoir and bottomhole pressures the adaptive identification algorithms and phenomenological forecasting models of bottomhole pressure with variable parameters were used taking into account additional a priori information about reservoir pressure. The processing of test results of two horizontal wells in an oil field was carried out, it is shown that the proposed diagnostic criteria are not inferior in accuracy to the graph-analytical method for identifying filtration regimes and allow determining the time of the beginning and completion of the filtration flows, as well as the time of well shut-in during the tests without the participation of a qualified interpreter