Evaluación de la Calidad del Mantenimiento y su Impacto en la Productividad en el Área de Secado Mecánico de Exportadora Atlantic S.A, I semestre 2017, Sébaco, Matagalpa

El presente trabajo investigativo se realizó en el Beneficio de Café Seco Atlantic S.A. ubicada en la carretera Sébaco, Matagalpa, el objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la calidad del mantenimiento actual en el área del Secado Mecánico del Beneficio. Las empresas industriales se encuentran en un momento decisivo debido a la inclusión de nuestro país en los mercados internacionales ya que según el Instituto Nacional de Información del Desarrollo (INIDE), la diferencia de productividad media entre el sector industrial de los países desarrollados y los de la región es de 3 a 1. Estudios como Creación de Indicadores de Productividad permiten conocer las particularidades de las diferentes ramas industriales, de modo que puedan plantearse alternativas de viabilidad. De igual manera, contar con indicadores claves para estos sectores. Para alcanzar dicho objetivo se estudiaron los diferentes indicadores que pueden ser medidos en el mantenimiento implementado en la maquinaria, como es la confiabilidad, disponibilidad, mantenibilidad y también la eficiencia general de los equipos. Los resultados obtenidos revelaron que la cuadrilla de mantenimiento de la empresa Exportadora Atlantic S.A realiza un mantenimiento basándose en la aplicación de indicadores medibles, aunque por otra parte hace falta reforzamiento en cuanto a la aplicación de esto

Diagnóstico Estratégico de la pequeña empresa, farmacia LUNSA, del municipio de Darío del Departamento de Matagalpa, periodo 2014

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo la elaboración de un diagnóstico estratégico para las pequeñas y medianas empresas de Matagalpa, aplicándolo a la empresa Farmacia LUNSA, del municipio de Darío, del departamento de Matagalpa durante el período 2014. Da a conocer la situación actual de la empresa, las estrategias que utiliza y las posibles nuevas estrategias a implementar. Es de gran importancia ya que le permitirá a la gerencia conocer el estado actual en el que se encuentra su administración a través, de la investigación realizada por parte de las alumnas, haciendo uso de conceptos teóricos consultados en libros y aplicación de métodos empíricos. Lo que permitirá a la farmacia disponer de insumos para la elaboración del plan estratégico en planes futuros. La situación en la que se encuentra actualmente farmacia LUNSA, es estable dentro del mercado en que se desarrolla, ya que aplica la estrategia de líder en costo, complementándola con intensivas de desarrollo del mercado. De igual manera la empresa podría alcanzar mayores beneficios, si esta decide invertir en aplicar la estrategia de diversificación concéntrica la que le permite introducir productos semejantes a los que en la actualidad ofrec

Who and where is the renal baroreceptor?: the connexin hypothesis

Gap junctions are emerging as a fundamental mechanism for the control of renin synthesis and release. Connexin40 is prominent in juxtaglomerular cells. When missing, it results in hyperreninemia and hypertension. Schweda et al. offer exciting data demonstrating that connexin45, a connexin with different biophysical properties, can replace connexin40 functions related to the control of renin

Decisiones corporativas: evaluación del riesgo y rendimiento como una herramienta para la toma de decisiones de inversión en la bolsa de valores de New York, por parte de la empresa Avon para el periodo 2012-2013

Las Decisiones Corporativas son una área de las finanzas que se centran en las decisiones monetarias que hacen las empresas y en las herramientas y análisis utilizados, el objetivo principal siempre será maximizar el valor del accionista. Las decisiones corporativas están directamente relacionadas con el riesgo y el rendimiento cuando de inversión se trata ya que de eso depende la rentabilidad y las ganancias de un inversionista, siempre y cuando apoyándose en las técnicas y principios de minimización del Riesgo. La disciplina puede dividirse en decisiones y técnicas de largo y corto plazo. Las decisiones de inversión en capital son elecciones de largo plazo sobre qué proyectos deben recibir financiación, sobre si financiar una inversión con fondos propios o deuda y sobre si pagar dividendos a los accionistas. Por otra parte, las decisiones de corto plazo se centran en el equilibrio a corto plazo de activos y pasivos. El objetivo se acerca a la gestión del efectivo, existencias y la financiación de corto plazo. En el caso práctico calculado el rendimiento por medio de tres escenarios los cuales son Pesimista, Normal y Optimista basándose en un histórico de datos de las empresas American y Palmolive, luego de encontrarse el rendimiento calcularemos la desviación estándar que nos ayudó a identificar qué empresa cuenta con mayor riesgo al realizar una inversión, finalizamos con el cálculo de la diversificación de cartera lo que implica combinar instrumentos de inversión basados en el grado o nivel de riesgo que poseen y a su vez en la posible relación que exista entre ellos

Centroamérica Suena

Seminario Desarrollo de Emprendedores. 2013. Carrera Diplomacia y Relaciones Internacionales . Docente Lic. Vegacruz, Carlos.Programa de radio que brinda un espacio de difusión para la música contemporánea de los países Centroamericanos. Este pretende darle la oportunidad a bandas naciones de proyectarse como músicos y dar a conocer su música en toda el área de Centroamérica, así como permitir el intercambio cultural y artístico entre países para solidificar la construcción de una identidad regional. El programa de radio será realizado en Nicaragua y distribuido en Centroamérica, ofreciendo una vasta programación. El mercado potencial de la empresa es bastante alto, pues suma unos 43.000.000 de habitantes en toda la región centroamericana. Sin embargo, ellos se enfocan en alcanzar en su mayoría a jóvenes entre los 16 y 36 años de edad. “Centroamérica Suena” está ubicado en Vía Fontana Norte

Local Renal Circadian Clocks Control Fluid-Electrolyte Homeostasis and BP.

The circadian timing system is critically involved in the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance and BP control. However, the role of peripheral circadian clocks in these homeostatic mechanisms remains unknown. We addressed this question in a mouse model carrying a conditional allele of the circadian clock gene Bmal1 and expressing Cre recombinase under the endogenous Renin promoter (Bmal1(lox/lox)/Ren1(d)Cre mice). Analysis of Bmal1(lox/lox)/Ren1(d)Cre mice showed that the floxed Bmal1 allele was excised in the kidney. In the kidney, BMAL1 protein expression was absent in the renin-secreting granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus and the collecting duct. A partial reduction of BMAL1 expression was observed in the medullary thick ascending limb. Functional analyses showed that Bmal1(lox/lox)/Ren1(d)Cre mice exhibited multiple abnormalities, including increased urine volume, changes in the circadian rhythm of urinary sodium excretion, increased GFR, and significantly reduced plasma aldosterone levels. These changes were accompanied by a reduction in BP. These results show that local renal circadian clocks control body fluid and BP homeostasis

Ablation of the renal stroma defines its critical role in nephron progenitor and vasculature patterning

The renal stroma is an embryonic cell population located in the cortex that provides a structural framework as well as a source of endothelial progenitors for the developing kidney. The exact role of the renal stroma in normal kidney development hasn't been clearly defined. However, previous studies have shown that the genetic deletion of Foxd1, a renal stroma specific gene, leads to severe kidney malformations confirming the importance of stroma in normal kidney development. This study further investigates the role of renal stroma by ablating Foxd1-derived stroma cells themselves and observing the response of the remaining cell populations. A Foxd1cre (renal stroma specific) mouse was crossed with a diphtheria toxin mouse (DTA) to specifically induce apoptosis in stromal cells. Histological examination of kidneys at embryonic day 13.5-18.5 showed a lack of stromal tissue, mispatterning of renal structures, and dysplastic and/or fused horseshoe kidneys. Immunofluorescence staining of nephron progenitors, vasculature, ureteric epithelium, differentiated nephron progenitors, and vascular supportive cells revealed that mutants had thickened nephron progenitor caps, cortical regions devoid of nephron progenitors, aberrant vessel patterning and thickening, ureteric branching defects and migration of differentiated nephron structures into the medulla. The similarities between the renal deformities caused by Foxd1 genetic knockout and Foxd1DTA mouse models reveal the importance of Foxd1 in mediating and maintaining the functional integrity of the renal stroma. © 2014 Hum et al

Polyaniline coated micro-capillaries for continuous flow analysis of aqueous solutions

The inner walls of fused silica micro-capillaries were successfully coated with polyaniline nanofibres using the “grafting” approach. The optical response of polyaniline coatings was evaluated during the subsequent redoping–dedoping processes with hydrochloric acid and ammonia solutions, respectively, that were passed inside the micro-capillary in continuous flow. The optical absorbance of the polyaniline coatings was measured and analysed in the wavelength interval of [300–850 nm] to determine its optical sensitivity to different concentrations of ammonia. It was found that the optical properties of polyaniline coatings change in response toammonia solutions in a wide concentration range from 0.2 ppm to 2000 ppm. The polyaniline coatings employed as a sensing material for the optical detection of aqueous ammonia have a fast response time and a fast regeneration time of less than 5 seconds at room temperature. The coating was fully characterised by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, absorbance measurements and kinetic studies. The response of the coatings showed very good reproducibility, demonstrating that this platform can be used for the development of micro-capillary integrated sensors based on the inherited sensing properties of polyaniline

Urinary renin in patients and mice with diabetic kidney disease

In patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD), plasma renin activity is usually decreased, but there is limited information on urinary renin and its origin. Urinary renin was evaluated in samples from patients with longstanding type I diabetes mellitus and mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Renin-reporter mouse model (Ren1d-Cre;mT/ mG) was made diabetic with streptozotocin to examine whether the distribution of cells of the renin lineage was altered in a chronic diabetic environment. Active renin was increased in urine samples from patients with DKD (n=36), compared with those without DKD (n=38; 3.2 versus 1.3 pg/mg creatinine; P<0.001). In mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, urine renin was also increased compared with nondiabetic controls. By immunohistochemistry, in mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, juxtaglomerular apparatus and proximal tubular renin staining were reduced, whereas collecting tubule staining, by contrast, was increased. To examine the role of filtration and tubular reabsorption on urinary renin, mice were either infused with either mouse or human recombinant renin and lysine (a blocker of proximal tubular protein reabsorption). Infusion of either form of renin together with lysine markedly increased urinary renin such that it was no longer different between nondiabetic and diabetic mice. Megalin mRNA was reduced in the kidney cortex of streptozotocin-treated mice (0.70±0.09 versus 1.01±0.04 in controls, P=0.01) consistent with impaired tubular reabsorption. In Ren1d-Cre;mT/mG with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, the distribution of renin lineage cells within the kidney was similar to nondiabetic renin-reporter mice. No evidence for migration of cells of renin linage to the collecting duct in diabetic mice could be found. Renin mRNA in microdissected collecting ducts from streptozotocin-treated mice, moreover, was not significantly different than in controls, whereas in kidney cortex, largely reflecting juxtaglomerular apparatus renin, it was significantly reduced. In conclusion, in urine from patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and DKD and from mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, renin is elevated. This cannot be attributed to production from cells of the renin lineage migrating to the collecting duct in a chronic hyperglycemic environment. Rather, the elevated levels of urinary renin found in DKD are best attributed to altered glomerular filteration and impaired proximal tubular reabsorption.Fil: Tang, Jeannette. Northwestern University; Estados UnidosFil: Wysocki, Jan. Northwestern University; Estados UnidosFil: Ye, Minghao. Northwestern University; Estados UnidosFil: Garramuño, Patricia. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Rein, Johannes. Northwestern University; Estados UnidosFil: Shirazi, Mina. Northwestern University; Estados UnidosFil: Bader, Michael. Charité Universitätsmedizin; AlemaniaFil: Gomez, Roberto Ariel. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Sequeira Lopez, Maria Luisa S.. University of Virginia; Estados UnidosFil: Afkarian, Maryam. University of California at Davis; Estados UnidosFil: Batlle, Daniel. Northwestern University; Estados Unido

Protein Kinase G Is Involved in Acute but Not in Long-Term Regulation of Renin Secretion

Pharmacological inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is, in combination with diuretics, the first-choice treatment for hypertension, although 10-20% of patients do not respond adequately. Next to the RAAS, the nitric oxide/cGMP/protein kinase G (PKG) system is the second fundamental blood pressure regulator. Whether both systems influence each other is not well-studied. It has been shown that nitric oxide (NO) supports renin recruitment via activation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and subsequent generation of cGMP. Whether this leads to an ensuing activation of PKGs in this context is not known. PKGI alpha, as well as PKGII, is expressed in renin-producing cells. Hence, we analyzed whether these enzymes play a role regarding renin synthesis, secretion, or recruitment. We generated renin-cell-specific PKGI-knockout mice and either stimulated or inhibited the renin system in these mice by salt diets. To exclude the possibility that one kinase isoform can compensate the lack of the other, we also studied double-knockout animals with a conditional knockout of PKGI in juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells) and a ubiquitous knockout of PKGII. We analyzed blood pressure, renin mRNA and renal renin protein content as well as plasma renin concentration. Furthermore, we stimulated the cGMP system in these mice using BAY 41-8543, an sGC stimulator, and examined renin regulation either after acute administration or after 7 days (application once daily). We did not reveal any striking differences regarding long-term renin regulation in the studied mouse models. Yet, when we studied the acute effect of BAY 41-8543 on renin secretion in isolated perfused kidneys as well as in living animals, we found that the administration of the substance led to a significant increase in plasma renin concentration in control animals. This effect was completely abolished in double-knockout animals. However, after 7 days of once daily application, we did not detect a persistent increase in renin mRNA or protein in any studied genotype. Therefore, we conclude that in mice, cGMP and PKG are involved in the acute regulation of renin release but have no influence on long-term renin adjustment