230 research outputs found
When grassroots innovation movements encounter mainstream institutions: implications for models of inclusive innovation
Grassroots innovation movements (GIMs) can be regarded as initiators or advocates of alternative pathways of innovation. Sometimes these movements engage with more established science, technology and innovation (STI) institutions and development agencies in pursuit of their goals. In this paper, we argue that an important aspect to encounters between GIMs and mainstream STI institutions is the negotiation of different framings of grassroots innovation and development of policy models for inclusive innovation. These encounters can result in two different modes of engagement by GIMs; what we call insertion and mobilization. We illustrate and discuss these interrelated notions of framings and modes of engagement by drawing on three case studies of GIMs: the Social Technologies Network in Brazil, and the Honey Bee Network and People's Science Movements in India. The cases highlight that inclusion in the context of GIMs is not an unproblematic, smooth endeavour, and involves diverse interpretations and framings, which shape what and who gets included or excluded. Within the context of increasing policy interest, the analysis of encounters between GIMs and STI institutions can offer important lessons for the design of models of inclusive innovation and development
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The rise of the quasi-public space and its consequences for cities and culture
This article argues that whilst appearing new, quasi-public spaces have emerged from a process of investment restructuring over the last 50 years. The profound change that is set in motion is a loss of control of public space and its cultural uses in cities. The tensions set up in this transformation are illustrated by the cultural fortunes of the largest such space in London, Granary Square; and, that of the City of London that has little, if any, public space
âChristians, out here?â Encountering Street-Pastors in the post-secular spaces of the UKâs night-time economy
This paper explores the concept of the post-secular city by examining the growing presence of Street-Pastors in the night-time economy of British cities. Street-Pastors are Christian volunteers who work to ensure the safety of people on a ânight outâ. We contribute to work that has called for greater attention to be placed on the ways in which religious faith and ethics are performed to create liminal spaces of understanding in urban areas. Drawing upon in-depth ethnographic research conducted in a range of UK towns and cities, we consider this distinct form of faith-based patrolling in relation to the spatial processes and practices of urban-nightscapes. By exploring the geographies of Street-Pastors, we not only contribute to more nuanced accounts of âdrinking spacesâ but provide an empirical engagement with the growing body of work on urban rhythms and encounters
Relational resolutions: digital encounters in ethnographic fieldwork
The articles in this special issue highlight the
relationality existing between researchers, participants,
cameras and images, with each article bringing
complementary perspectives on the use of digital images
in ethnographic fieldwork. These include reactivating
archives through their digitization for visual
repatriation, facilitating dialogue and understanding
between participant and researcher, analysing the
relation between participants and the virtual spaces of
their self-representations and exploring the range of
capacities for new research methodologies afforded by
digital technologies. Individually and through their
juxtaposition, the articles highlight the complexity of the
interactions between researchers and participants in
their digital encounters and open dialogical spaces, in
ethnographic fieldwork and in visual anthropology,
about access, participation and transparency in
representational practices
Institutional creativity and pathologies of potential space: The modern university
This paper proposes the applicability of object relations psychoanalytic conceptions of dialogue (Ogden, 1986, 1993) to thinking about relationships and relational structures and their governance in universities. It proposes that: the qualities of dialogic relations in creative institutions are the proper index of creative productivity; that is of, as examples, âthinkingâ (Evans, 2004), âemotional learningâ (Salzberger-Wittenburg et al., 1983) or âcriticalityâ (Barnett, 1997); contemporary institutionsâ explicit preoccupation in assuring, monitoring and managing creative âdialogueâ can, in practice, pervert creative processes and thoughtful symbolic productivity, thus inhibiting studentsâ development and the quality of âthinking spaceâ for teaching and research. In this context the paper examines uncanny and perverse connections between Paulo Freireâs (1972) account of educational empowerment and dialogics (from his Pedagogy of the oppressed) to the consumerist (see, for example, Clarke & Vidler, 2005) rhetoric of student empowerment, as mediated by some strands of managerialism in contemporary higher education. The paper grounds its critique of current models of dialogue, feedback loops, audit and other mechanisms of accountability (Power, 1997; Strathern, 2000), in a close analysis of how creative thinking emerges. The paper discusses the failure to maintain a dialogic space in humanities and social science areas in particular, exploring psychoanalytic conceptions from Donald Winnicott (1971), Milner (1979), Thomas Ogden (1986) and Csikszentmihalyi (1997). Coleridgeâs ideas about imagination as the movement of thought between subjective and objective modes are discussed in terms of both intra- and inter-subjective relational modes of âdialogueâ, which are seen as subject to pathology in the pathologically structured psychosocial environment. Current patterns of institutional governance, by micromanaging dialogic spaces, curtail the ânaturalâ rhythms and temporalities of imagination by giving an over-emphasis to the moment of outcome, at the expense of holding the necessary vagaries of process in the institutional âmindâ. On the contrary, as this paper argues, creative thinking lies in sporadic emergences at the conjunction of object/(ive) outcome and through (thought) processes
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