Pathologies related to abnormal deposits in dermatology : a physico-chemical approach

Although numerous pathologies are associated with abnormal skin deposits, these remain poorly described, as accurate characterization continues to present a challenge for dermatologists. Their submicrometer size as well as their diverse chemistry require various characterization tools. We aim to exemplify characterization of endogenous and exogenous skin deposits in some selected skin diseases using different physico-chemical techniques. We begin with a presentation of selected dis-eases associated with skin deposits. We then present those of our results which show their variety of structure, location and chemical composition, obtained with various tools: Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence, vibra-tional spectroscopies, as well as techniques specific to synchrotron radiation. Our results constitute a real opportunity to improve diagnosis, and to understand the pathogenesis of many skin diseases, and opportunities for therapeutic intervention.Peer reviewe

Compression in hypertensive leg ulcer (Martorell’s ulcer)

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Etude prospective de la prévalence des carcinomes cutanés non diagnostiqués chez les sujets âgés institutionnalisés

L'incidence des cancers cutanés épithéliaux est fortement corrélée à l'âge. Le but de cette étude prospective était d'évaluer la prévalence des cancers de la peau chez des patients hospitalisés dans un hôpital gériatrique pour lesquels aucun avis dermatologique n'avait été demandé. Patients et méthodes : 306 patients hospitalisés en unités de moyen et long séjour ont été examinés complètement par un dermatologue. Les données cliniques ont inclus l'âge, le sexe, les antécédents cutanés, le phototype des patients et le type de lésions cutanées suspectes. Une biopsie cutanée a été réalisée pour chaque lésion suspecte. Résultats : 306 patients (79.4% des femmes et 20.6% des hommes âgés de 55 à 103 ans) ont été inclus dans l'étude. 69.3% d'entre eux étaient hospitalisés depuis plus d'un an. Le phototype était clair dans 93.5% des cas. 39.% des patients avaient des antécédents cutanés connus. Respectivement 3.9% et 6.2% des patients ont eu une profession ou des loisirs exposés. 32/306 patients (10.4%) ont présenté des lésions suspectes sui ont été biopsiées. Il a été identifié 16 CBC, 2 carcinomes épidermoïdes, 5 maladies de Bowen, 2 mélanomes. La prévalence des cancers cutanés était donc de 8.1% (rapportée au nombre de lésions) et de 5.6% si on le rapporte au nombre de patients atteints. Conclusion : la prévalence des cancers cutanés de cette population gériatrique hospitalisée justifie une meilleure formation au dépistage précoce des tumeurs cutanées.PARIS7-Xavier Bichat (751182101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Computation of capacitances of Cun nanocluters

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Evaluation prospective de l'état nutritionnel et du pronostic des patients ambulatoires porteurs d'ulcère de jambe

PARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocCentre Technique Livre Ens. Sup. (774682301) / SudocSudocFranceF

Sickle cell disease induces resistance to cutaneous carcinogenesis

International audienceBACKGROUND: While skin carcinomas are reported in chronic ulcers and in patients treated with hydroxyurea (HU) for myeloproliferative neoplasms, no skin carcinoma has been reported in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), presenting chronic skin ulcers or treated with HU. The objective was to estimate the risk of cutaneous malignant transformation in SCD patients with prolonged leg ulcers or under HU therapy.RESULTS: In this cross-sectional study, the cohort consisted of 1543 patients. In the first series, 29 patients presented a total of 53 ulcers lasting more than two years. The median age was 35 ± 8.4 years old. The median duration for a single ulcer was 9.2 ± 7 years. None of the examined ulcers showed any suspicious area of malignant transformation. In the second series, 187 patients treated with HU for more than two years were identified. The median age was 31.3 ± 9.9 years old. The median duration of treatment with HU was 6 ± 3.2 years. No skin carcinoma or actinic keratosis was recorded.CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that skin carcinogenesis did not occur in our series of SCD patients exposed to transforming events such as long term HU treatment or prolonged leg ulcers

Análisis del Enfoque de Derechos de un proyecto piloto de intervención con niños, niñas y adolescentes en el contexto de crisis nacional de la red de protección de derechos de la niñez en Chile

The context of the crisis of the state’s child protection network in Chile led to an analysis of the rights approach used in a non-governmental project that was innovative and complemented the national network. The case was studied using mixed methodologies, integrating various tools that mainly came together in an ethnography of the natural environment of the project. The study shows that the rights approach is articulated on a declaratory level and on a rather different practical one: a) the former can be aligned with human rights; b) the latter has two antagonistic forms: i) exo-efficacy and ii) personal values, but not self-efficacy. The study’s conclusions include recommendations for the inclusion of the rights approach in child protection programs.El contexto de crisis de la red de protección del Estado a la infancia en Chile motivó un análisis desde el Enfoque de Derechos en el proyecto de una corporación no gubernamental, innovador y complementario a la red estatal. El estudio de caso fue realizado a partir de metodologías mixtas, integrando diversas herramientas que se conjuntaron principalmente en una etnografía en el medio natural del proyecto. Los resultados evidencian que el Enfoque de Derechos se articula en un nivel declarativo y en otro práctico de distinto cariz: a) el primero puede adscribirse alineado con los derechos humanos; b) el segundo ajustado a dos formas antagónicas: i) exoeficacia, y ii) valores personales, pero no autoeficacia. A manera de conclusión, damos recomendaciones para la inclusión del Enfoque de Derechos en programas de protección a la niñez y juventudes en el contexto chileno

Optimizing finger systolic blood pressure measurements with laser Doppler: Validation of the second phalanx site

International audienceObjective: Finger systolic blood pressure measurement (FSBP) has been shown helpful in the detection of distal arterial insufficiency in upper limbs. This work assesses the possibility to measure FSBP on the 2nd phalanx instead of the first one in order to improve its sensitivity and to verify this would not alter the repeatability of the measurement.Methods: In this multicenter study, FSBP was measured twice in all fingers but the thumbs in consecutive systemic sclerosis patients on the first phalanx and the second phalanx in alternate order using laser-Doppler flowmetry.Results: Thirty-seven patients were enrolled. The repeatability of FSBP was excellent and similar on the first and 2nd phalanxes with coefficients of variation respectively of 7.1% and 7.6%. While the correlation between the FSBP at the two sites was fair (Pearson coefficient 0.69; p < 0.001). The agreement was poor, with a mean difference of 14 mm Hg between the two sites. Significantly higher differences were found in fingers with digital ulcers. The ROC curves showed a better prediction of the 2nd phalanx measurements.Conclusion: FSBP has an excellent repeatability whatever the site of phalanx. However, measurements performed on the 2nd phalanx have a better sensitivity for the prediction of digital ulcers