Expression of p16 protein and cyclin d1 in periampullary carcinomas

Objective: The majority of the tumors in periampullary region are pancreatic and ampulla of Vater carcinomas. The aim of this study was to compare histopathological features of ampulla of Vater carcinomas with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and to determine diagnostic and predictive values of p16 protein and cyclin D1 expression. Material and Method: Tissue samples from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and ampulla of Vater carcinomas were obtained from 31 patients who underwent pancreticoduodenectomy for periampullary carcinoma. The study group was composed of 12 women and 19 men. Their median age was found to be 62.32 years (range 26-85 years). The parameters analyzed in the study included lymph node metastases, perineural invasion, differentiation, duodenal invasion, grade of intraepithelial neoplasia and p16 and cyclinD1 expression in tumoral and peritumoral pancreatic tissues. Results: In both tumor groups, the loss of p16 protein expression was significantly correlated with perineural invasion (p=0.0001). Perineural invasion was more frequent in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma group than the ampulla of Vater carcinoma group (p=0,01). When desmoplasia and lymphoplasmacytic stromal infiltration were examined, desmoplastic reaction was significantly higher in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas than ampulla of Vater carcinomas (p=0.01). No significant difference was observed between tumor groups for Cyclin D1 (p>0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that loss of p16 protein expression may be a sign for poor prognosis in periampullary cancers that is correlated mainly with perineural invasion. Desmoplastic stromal reaction may be a distinctive feature for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma compared with ampulla of Vater carcinoma

Confirmation of PSMA expression measured on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT by immunohistochemistry in prostate adenocarcinoma

Background: Our aim is to determine the accuracy of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT in showing PSMA expression in primary prostate cancer and to investigate the relationship between SUVmax and immunohistochemical PSMA expression, Gleason score, and PSA value. Material and methods: We retrospectively analyzed 66 male patients who were diagnosed with primary prostate adenocarcinoma, underwent pre-treatment [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT examination for staging, and performed radical prostatectomy between March 2018–August 2020. Immunohistochemical staining was applied to the radical prostatectomy specimens of all patients to detect PSMA expression. The results were evaluated as an immunoreactive score (IRS) and a modified IRS was obtained. Gleason score groups and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) serum values of the patients were obtained from the patient files. Results: The high SUVmax of primary prostate tumors was significantly correlated with a high modified IRS score (score 2; 3), high PSA value, high Gleason score, and metastasis. In correlation analysis, a positive correlation was found between SUVmax and PSA value and modified IRS score (r = 0.69, p = 0.001; r = 0.39, p = 0.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant weak correlation between PSA serum concentration and modified IRS scores (r = 0.267; p = 0.03). In regression analysis, the percentage of positive cells had a statistically significant and increasing effect on SUVmax (p = 0.031; std beta = 0.268; 95% CI = 0.231–4.596). Conclusions: In prostate adenocarcinoma, SUVmax of the primary tumor in [68Ga]Ga-PSMA PET/CT correlates with immunohistochemical PSMA expression. In addition, high SUVmax is associated with markers of poor prognoses, such as high PSMA expression, PSA value, and Gleason score

Holographic Fermi and Non-Fermi Liquids with Transitions in Dilaton Gravity

We study the two-point function for fermionic operators in a class of strongly coupled systems using the gauge-gravity correspondence. The gravity description includes a gauge field and a dilaton which determines the gauge coupling and the potential energy. Extremal black brane solutions in this system typically have vanishing entropy. By analyzing a charged fermion in these extremal black brane backgrounds we calculate the two-point function of the corresponding boundary fermionic operator. We find that in some region of parameter space it is of Fermi liquid type. Outside this region no well-defined quasi-particles exist, with the excitations acquiring a non-vanishing width at zero frequency. At the transition, the two-point function can exhibit non-Fermi liquid behaviour.Comment: 52 pages, 6 figures. v3: Appendix F added showing numerical interpolation between the near-horizon region and AdS4. Additional minor comments also adde

Investigation of the protective effect of gel incorporating Eugenia jambolana leaf extract on 5‑fluorouracil‑induced oral mucositis: an animal study

Purpose The study aimed to evaluate the possible preventive effect of two concentrations (3 and 5% w/w) of Eugenia jambolana (EJ) extract against 5-FU-induced mucositis. Method Sixteen adult rats were separated into four groups: two control and two preventive groups. Animals in Groups 1, 2, and 3 were injected intraperitoneally with 60 mg/kg/day of 5-FU on Day 1 followed by 150 mg/kg/day on Day 5. The rats in Group 4 (negative control) were given physiological saline at the same times and doses. Furthermore, on the fifth day of the study, the cheek and sublingual mucosa were irritated by external superficial scratches using the tip of an 18-G needle, followed by the application 15 μL of 20% acetic acid, after which 3 and 5% EJ w/w gels were applied topically for animals in Groups 2 and 3, respectively. Results The weight and the mucositis scores were recorded. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory markers and biochemical tests were analyzed. Significant differences were found between the study groups in weight loss, clinical mucositis scores, mortality rates, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory parameters. Conclusion The preventive effect of 3% gel was significant, with no mortality rate, making it an option for preventive strategies

Bianchi Attractors: A Classification of Extremal Black Brane Geometries

Extremal black branes are of interest because they correspond to the ground states of field theories at finite charge density in gauge/gravity duality. The geometry of such a brane need not be translationally invariant in the spatial directions along which it extends. A less restrictive requirement is that of homogeneity, which still allows points along the spatial directions to be related to each other by symmetries. In this paper, we find large new classes of homogeneous but anisotropic extremal black brane horizons, which could naturally arise in gauge/gravity dual pairs. In 4+1 dimensional spacetime, we show that such homogeneous black brane solutions are classified by the Bianchi classification, which is well known in the study of cosmology, and fall into nine classes. In a system of Einstein gravity with negative cosmological term coupled to one or two massive Abelian gauge fields, we find solutions with an additional scaling symmetry, which could correspond to the near-horizon geometries of such extremal black branes. These solutions realize many of the Bianchi classes. In one case, we construct the complete extremal solution which asymptotes to AdS space.Comment: Minor changes and a reference added. 43 Pages, 6 Figure

Pre-school special education practices in european union countries and Turkey

4th World Conference on Educational Sciences (WCES) -- FEB 02-05, 2012 -- Univ Barcelona, Barcelona, SPAINWOS: 000314465901120Pre-school period is the first stage to gain experience in terms of various learning environments. This period which can serve as a springboard for future accomplishments is very important for every child, and therefore, should provide equal opportunities for every individual. This descriptive study aims to identify the existing situation by comparatively looking into variables such as the age student with disabilities start preschool, educational model, support provided to families and support personnel. In most of the European Union countries, during preschool years, mainstreaming, inclusion or segregated education model is used. (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer review under responsibility of Prof. Dr. Huseyin UzunboyluAcad World Educ & Res Ctr, Near E Univ, Bahcesehir Univ, Ankara Univ, Hacettepe Univ, Cyprus Educ Sci Asso