Techno-Economic Energy Optimization of the Off-Grid Electrical System with Power to Gas Storage Technology

Renewable energy sources (RESs) have undeniable advantages over the recent years not only to supply electrical demand but also electrical demand. However, maximum use of the RES’s power has always been challenging as high penetration of the RESs as well as their intermittent nature might compromise the distribution networks power flow constraints. This paper proposes optimal energy operation of the off-grid distribution network  (DN) with participation of the power-to-gas (PtG) storage system. In this regard, PtG system is considered as an energy supplier in the DN. The natural gas generated by using PtG is applied to backup diesel generators for meeting demand at peak times. The objective functions in the system are modeled based on technical and economic modeling including minimize the operation cost and maximize the system reliability. The optimal energy operation in the two case studies is assumed considering non-participation and participation of the PtG system. To solving of the energy optimization, particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Finally, proposed case studies under numerical simulation are implemented for validation of the participation of the PtG system

Techno-Economic Energy Optimization of the Off-Grid Electrical System with Power to Gas Storage Technology

Renewable energy sources (RESs) have undeniable advantages over the recent years not only to supply electrical demand but also electrical demand. However, maximum use of the RES’s power has always been challenging as high penetration of the RESs as well as their intermittent nature might compromise the distribution networks power flow constraints. This paper proposes optimal energy operation of the off-grid distribution network  (DN) with participation of the power-to-gas (PtG) storage system. In this regard, PtG system is considered as an energy supplier in the DN. The natural gas generated by using PtG is applied to backup diesel generators for meeting demand at peak times. The objective functions in the system are modeled based on technical and economic modeling including minimize the operation cost and maximize the system reliability. The optimal energy operation in the two case studies is assumed considering non-participation and participation of the PtG system. To solving of the energy optimization, particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Finally, proposed case studies under numerical simulation are implemented for validation of the participation of the PtG system

Pandemia desde la academia: experiencias transdisciplinarias de la universidad cuencana en tiempos de COVID-19

Pandemia es una palabra con origen profundo que en el tiempo se ha cargado con la historia de pueblos y naciones, alcanzando su plena expresión en nuestra sociedad globalizada. No solamente por las estadísticas que atraen la atención de todo el mundo y nos obligan a razonar de manera lógico-numérica, cuantitativa, olvidando que muchas veces los números son personas, y no rinden la justa cuenta de todos aquellos seres humanos que representan estas cifras. Una pandemia logra su máxima expresión al alcanzar el mayor número de personas, esto refleja en su etimología proveniente del griego pan (todo) y demos (pueblo) y desde sus orígenes ha significado principalmente una cosa, la “reunión del pueblo”. Dicha noción invita a reflexionar sobre el porqué de las medidas sanitarias, del aislamiento y confinamiento, y, más aún, nos recuerda la importancia de la unión como decisión ancestral al origen de nuestras sociedades, columna portante de la familia, fortaleza de cualquier sistema en desequilibrio. Reconociendo esto, se evidencia la capacidad de transformar juntos las debilidades en fortalezas, de saber demostrar nuestro mejor impulso a la solidaridad y colaboración cuando sentimos que nos necesitan, que permite terminar con alegría un capítulo con la seguridad de que el próximo será mucho mejor. Este espíritu es responsable de la iniciativa de quienes enfrentamos los desafíos del contexto desde la unión, con la aspiración de formar seres humanos en un espacio compartido de generación de conocimiento y conformación de valores humanos y sociales que llamamos Universidad

Metodologías activas para desarrollar el pensamiento computacional.

The objective of the study was to determine to what extent the model of active methodologies developed computational thinking in the infants of the Futuros Navegantes institution, Guayaquil 2021. Applied research was used with the quasi-experimental design, considering two groups of infants from the initial level 2, the first called control group with 30 children and the second 31 students for the experimental group. Applying an observation guide with 20 items, with a polytomous response option. The descriptive results revealed in the pre-test of the experimental group that the infants were at the beginning level with 96.77%, differing in the post-test with 61.29% in process and 19.35% reached achievement. Admitting the affirmative hypothesis and rejecting the null hypothesis, concluding that the active methodologies model made a significant difference in computational thinking, as well as in logical thinking, problem solving and creative thinking.El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar en qué medida el modelo de metodologías activas desarrolló el pensamiento computacional en los infantes de la institución Futuros Navegantes, Guayaquil 2021. Se utilizó la investigación aplicada con el diseño cuasi-experimental, considerando dos grupos de infantes del nivel inicial 2, el primero denominado grupo control con 30 niños y el segundo 31 estudiantes para el grupo experimental. Aplicando una guía de observación con 20 ítems, de opción de respuesta politómica. Los resultados descriptivos revelaron en el pre test del grupo experimental que los infantes se encontraron en el nivel inicio con el 96,77% diferenciándose en el pos test con el 61,29% en proceso y el 19,35% alcanzaron el logro. Admitiendo la hipótesis afirmativa y rechazando la hipótesis nula, concluyendo que el modelo de metodologías activas marcó diferencia significativa en el pensamiento computacional, al igual que el pensamiento lógico, resolución de problemas y pensamiento creativo.   &nbsp

Gestión empresarial de Asociaciones de banano orgánico del Valle del Chira, Sullana-Perú

The purpose of this article was to analyze the business management processes developed by three associations of small organic banana producers in the Chira Valley, Sullana-Peru. Due to the nature of the variables, it was a study based on a qualitative, descriptive approach. The selected sample was made up of the three associations, and the techniques used were the interview, documentary review and focus group. Among the results are that there is a high level of management tools, at least the basic ones, such as strategic plan, annual operating plan, budgets, cash flow and cost system. Only in the case of the Association of Small Organic Producers of Querecotillo, the level is medium, since there is no cash flow or an appropriate cost system. Likewise, there is a growing development of management instruments, such as work regulations, organization manuals and functions, highlighting that the process of instrumentalization in these three organizations is in continuous progress. It is concluded that there are different levels of development of business management among the three associations, being the Association of Small Producers of Organic Bananas Samán and Annexes, the one with the highest level of development.El propósito del presente artículo fue analizar los procesos de gestión empresarial que desarrollan tres asociaciones de pequeños productores de banano orgánico del valle del Chira, Sullana-Perú. Por la naturaleza de las variables, fue un estudio basado en el enfoque cualitativo, de tipo descriptivo. La muestra seleccionada estuvo compuesta por las tres asociaciones, y las técnicas utilizadas fueron la entrevista, revisión documental y focus group. Entre los resultados se tienen, que existe un alto nivel de manejo de herramientas de gestión, al menos las básicas, como plan estratégico, plan operativo anual, presupuestos, flujo de caja y sistema de costos. Sólo en el caso, de la Asociación de Pequeños Productores Orgánicos de Querecotillo, el nivel es medio, puesto que no existe flujo de caja ni un sistema de costos apropiado. Asimismo, se evidencia un creciente desarrollo de instrumentos de gestión, como reglamentos de trabajo, manuales de organización y funciones, resaltando que el proceso de instrumentalización en estas tres organizaciones está en progreso continuo. Se concluye, que existen niveles diferenciados de desarrollo de la gestión empresarial entre las tres asociaciones, siendo la Asociación de Pequeños Productores de Banano Orgánico Samán y Anexos, la de mayor nivel de desarrollo

Descolonizar la universidad latinoamericana: la emancipación para la libertad.

A fundamental social trait in the Latin American university is its intellectual or epistemic dependence on theoretical frameworks of Eurocentric culture, that is, colonization of knowledge, therefore, this article seeks, based on documentary research of the historical phenomenon, to reflect on the descriptors and epistemic and gnoseological support that must be established to start the decolonization of society, based on the contributions that a transformed university can offer from its cultural and curricular conception. In the framework of global neoliberal modernity, the university in Latin America is immersed in one of the greatest challenges in planetary history, therefore, it requires the urgent activation of emancipatory, intercultural and democratizing processes of thought and knowledge, used as a complementary mechanism Next to the scientific curricular rigor, the alternative knowledge proposed by the ethnosciences and the popular knowledge of the region, which allow the generation of an endogenous decolonizing sociocultural proposal for the exercise of full freedom.Un rasgo social fundamental en la universidad latinoamericana es su dependencia intelectual o epistémica respecto a marcos teóricos de la cultura eurocéntrica, es decir, coloniaje del saber, por ello, este articulo procura en base a la investigación documental del fenómeno histórico, reflexionar sobre los descriptores y contrafundamentos epistémicos  y gnoseológicos que deben asentarse para iniciar la decolonización de la sociedad, en base a los aportes que pueda ofrecer una universidad transformada desde su concepción cultural y curricular. En el marco de la modernidad neoliberal global, la universidad en Latinoamérica está inmersa en uno de retos más desafiantes de la historia planetaria, por tanto, requiere la activación urgente de procesos emancipadores, interculturales y democratizadores del pensamiento y el conocimiento, utilizado como mecanismo complementario al lado del rigor curricular científico, los saberes alternativos que proponen las etnociencias y los saberes populares propios de la región, que permitan generar una propuesta sociocultural endógena descolonizadora para el ejercicio de la libertad plena. &nbsp

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population

The risk of COVID-19 death is much greater and age dependent with type I IFN autoantibodies

International audienceSignificance There is growing evidence that preexisting autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) are strong determinants of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia. It is important to estimate their quantitative impact on COVID-19 mortality upon SARS-CoV-2 infection, by age and sex, as both the prevalence of these autoantibodies and the risk of COVID-19 death increase with age and are higher in men. Using an unvaccinated sample of 1,261 deceased patients and 34,159 individuals from the general population, we found that autoantibodies against type I IFNs strongly increased the SARS-CoV-2 infection fatality rate at all ages, in both men and women. Autoantibodies against type I IFNs are strong and common predictors of life-threatening COVID-19. Testing for these autoantibodies should be considered in the general population