Peculiarities of isotopic temperatures obtained from p+A collisions at 1 GeV

Nuclear temperatures obtained from inclusive measurements of double isotopic yield ratios of fragments produced in 1 GeV p + A collisions amount to about 4 MeV nearly independent from the target mass.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to be submitted to Eur. Phys. J.

Long-term forecasting of changes of snowiness and avalanche activity in the world due to global warming

The technique of definition of depth of the snow cover, number of days with the snow cover, number of days with intensive snowfalls, duration of avalanche prone period by the standard meteorological data (precipitation and temperature) is developed (Glazovskaya, T.G., S.M. Myagkov and V.F.Okolov. 1978). It has allowed to estimate changes of snowiness and avalanche activity using Global Circulating Model GFDL (USA) for a CO2 - doubling (2050 year). The results of accounts are submitted as maps on all continents. The possible increase almost of all characteristics of snowiness and avalanche activity is expected in today's low-snow continental areas, reduction - in fue heavy snow regions. Depth of fue snow cover maximum can increase up to 40-50 cm, decrease - up to 30-40 cm; the number of days with fue snow cover will decrease almost everywhere for 1,5-2 months. The computed changes correspond to maximum changes, because in GFDL Model maximum expected changes of air temperature (3,5 - 4 degrees) are taken into account

The study of general education disciplines in the system of vocational education in a modular approach directed on formation of the competences

Studying of general education disciplines in system of professional education within the modular approach directed on formation of competences, represents methodical, didactic, pedagogical and valuable base on which training process is under construction, liquidates a gap between the theory and practice, increases efficiency of formation of competence of the graduate.Изучение общеобразовательных дисциплин в системе профессионального образования в рамках модульного подхода, направленного на формирование компетенций, представляет методическую, дидактическую, педагогическую и ценностную базу, на которой строится процесс обучения, ликвидирует разрыв между теорией и практикой, повышает эффективность формирования компетентности выпускника

Forecast of avalanche danger for the intracontinental regions of Northeast of Eurasia

The research area includes the Kolyma riverhead with tributaries. For this territory the extreme continental climate with very frost winters is common. The duration of snow cover is 200-230 days. The domination of low temperatures with small thickness of snow cover causes strong recrystallization of snow pack. On the other hand the intensity of titis process often is not high. Significant loosening determines an unstable condition of snow on mountain slopes. Under certain conditions even tile small increase of loading is capable to cause avalanching. The origin of tile majority of avalanches (more than 60 %) is connected with fresh snow fall on tile friable base. A network of avalanche research and meteorological stations in tilis area is scarce. In such conditions only background (area) forecast is possible. At the creation of tile forecast technique tile analysis of large number of the factors of avalanching process in the region was carried out. The forecast includes computation and an expert estimation of snow-avalanche situation. The data of meteorological station Kulu, located at the center of area, are used as the basis of the technique. The sum of precipitation, its intensity, temperature of air and its change during the snowfall are distinguished as predictors. The final forecast and definition of possible places of crashing of avalanches occurs with the improvement of the data of other avalanche research and meteorological stations. The character of winter is also taken into account. The forecast is made on nearest 12 hours 2 times per day. It has an altemative character

Instantaneous formation of polyoxometalate-based cerium vanadium oxide gels

et al.The instantaneous formation of mechanically stable cerium vanadium oxide gels starting from soluble polyoxovanadates is reported together with initial application studies. Upon addition of phosphoric acid to solutions containing a vanadium oxide source (e.g. (nBuN)[VO]) and Ce, instantaneous formation (reaction time <1 s) of a vanadium oxide gel is observed. The gel shows unique mechanical and thermal stabilities (up to ∼180 °C). High permeability of the gel is observed, allowing its use for long-term acid delivery into aqueous media or for the adsorption of organic aromatic dye pollutants from solution. A range of spectroscopy and electron microscopy techniques provide insight into the gel formation and the gel composition: an intertwined 3D matrix of nanowires (d ∼ 10 nm) containing cerium, vanadium oxide and phosphate is identified as an inorganic matrix which enables the formation of the mechanically stable gel.Financial support by the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst (DAAD) EU COST Action CM1203, Ulm University, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg and Fundación General CSIC (Programa ComFuturo) is gratefully acknowledged.Peer Reviewe

Lack of conservation of bacterial type promoters in plastids of Streptophyta

<p>Abstract</p> <p/> <p>We demonstrate the scarcity of conserved bacterial-type promoters in plastids of Streptophyta and report widely conserved promoters only for genes <it>psaA, psbA, psbB, psbE, rbcL</it>. Among the reasonable explanations are: evolutionary changes of sigma subunit paralogs and phage-type RNA polymerases possibly entailing the loss of corresponding nuclear genes, <it>de novo </it>emergence of the promoters, their loss together with plastome genes; functional substitution of the promoter boxes by transcription activation factor binding sites.</p> <p>Reviewers</p> <p>This article was reviewed by Dr. Arcady Mushegian, and by Dr. Alexander Bolshoy and Dr. Yuri Wolf (both nominated by Dr. Purificación López-García).</p

Uma abordagem ontológica para modelação de informação espaciotemporal com aplicações em transportes

O trabalho realizado na dissertação é desenvolvido no contexto da análise de dados espaciotemporais, mais propriamente dados de redes rodoviárias. Nos dias de hoje existe uma grande quantidade de dados. Estes estão constantemente a ser gerados por todos ou quase todos os dispositivos eletrónicos que nos rodeiam. O aproveitamento destes dados tem cada vez mais atraído a atenção dos investigadores e de empresas a investigar e a investir nesse sentido. Dados atualmente também são gerados pelos sensores instalados nas estradas. Estes sensores podem ser tanto fixos, como é o caso das espiras magnéticas ou câmaras de videovigilância, como também podem ser móveis, que é o caso dos floating cars. Todos estes sensores geram dados e a sua leitura, compreensão e uso são muito importantes para a realização de uma boa análise acerca de tráfego rodoviário. Para que seja possível analisar dados provenientes de variadas fontes, ou neste caso provenientes de variados sensores, é necessário efetuar junção de dados ou até das próprias fontes de dados. Isso é uma tarefa complexa e tediosa se for feita com base em técnicas clássicas como agregação de esquemas relacionais ou até junção manual dos dados. É necessário arranjar técnicas que permitam efetuar essa tarefa de uma maneira fácil e de preferência automática. Felizmente métodos com base em ontologias surgiram para tratar este tipo de problemas. Com estes métodos é possível juntar várias fontes de dados com a manutenção do significado dos dados e sem a necessidade de fazer tudo manualmente. Com base nesta metodologia, pretende-se neste trabalho abordar ontologicamente os dados e sensores rodoviários, efetuando a sua junção. É requerido aplicar o resultado dessa junção num sistema com arquitetura orientada a serviços, de maneira a que clientes possam facilmente se conectar ao sistema através de serviço disponibilizados por este. A povoação do modelo ontológico será feito inicialmente com logs GPS, dados de espiras magnéticas (cedidos pela Estradas de Portugal e inicialmente somente da VCI) e OpenStreetMaps. Também serão utilizados dados provenientes de simuladores para o preenchimento de eventuais lacunas que possam existir nos dados reais. Posteriormente é requerido integrar o simulador SUMO, pretendendo-se alargar o suporte a outros. Como resultado final é esperada a elaboração de um repositório geográfico científico para análise de sistemas de transportes a ser usado por variados utilizadores, com diferentes interesses ou objetivos relativamente aos dados disponibilizados.This dissertation work is developed in the context the spatiotemporal data analysis, specifically transportation data. Nowadays there is a great amount of available data. This is because almost every electronic device that is around us generates data. Usage of this resource attracts researchers and companies to research and invest on ways to do so. Even roads are generating data through sensors. These sensors can be fixed, which is the case of inductive loops and video surveillance cameras, as well as mobile, such as the case of floating cars. Data readability, comprehension and usage are of vital importance for a proper traffic analysis. To be possible to analyse data from different data sources, or sensors in this specific case, it is necessary to integrate this data. Bearing this in mind, it is also known that this task is difficult if performed manually. So it is necessary to research new techniques which would allow us to simplify this task, and preferentially automate it. Fortunately there are methods based on ontologies which help tackling those problems. They allow us to integrate many data sources and maintain the original meaning and form of such data. Based on this methodology sensors and data will be approached on an ontology basis, allowing for their integration in one single representation. After that, such an integrated system will be shared through a service-oriented architecture. This will allow clients to easily access the data present in the system. GPS logs, OpenStreetMaps and inductive loop data will be used to populate this ontological model. Afterwards data from simulators such as SUMO will also be used to fill in possible gaps that might not be covered by real data. One expected result from this dissertation is that a scientific geographic repository can devised and implemented to be used for the transportation analysis by many clients with different needs and interests