100 research outputs found
Spectra of ultrabroadband squeezed pulses and the finite-time Unruh-Davies effect
We study spectral properties of quantum radiation of ultimately short
duration. In particular, we introduce a continuous multimode squeezing operator
for the description of subcycle pulses of entangled photons generated by a
coherent-field driving in a thin nonlinear crystal with second order
susceptibility. We find the ultrabroadband spectra of the emitted quantum
radiation perturbatively in the strength of the driving field. These spectra
can be related to the spectra expected in an Unruh-Davies experiment with a
finite time of acceleration. In the time domain, we describe the corresponding
behavior of the normally ordered electric field variance.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Nonlinear acousto-magneto-plasmonics
We review the recent progress in experimental and theoretical research of
interactions between the acoustic, magnetic and plasmonic transients in hybrid
metal-ferromagnet multilayer structures excited by ultrashort laser pulses. The
main focus is on understanding the nonlinear aspects of the acoustic dynamics
in materials as well as the peculiarities in the nonlinear optical and
magneto-optical response. For example, the nonlinear optical detection is
illustrated in details by probing the static magneto-optical second harmonic
generation in gold-cobalt-silver trilayer structures in Kretschmann geometry.
Furthermore, we show experimentally how the nonlinear reshaping of giant
ultrashort acoustic pulses propagating in gold can be quantified by
time-resolved plasmonic interferometry and how these ultrashort optical pulses
dynamically modulate the optical nonlinearities. The effective medium
approximation for the optical properties of hybrid multilayers facilitates the
understanding of novel optical detection techniques. In the discussion we
highlight recent works on the nonlinear magneto-elastic interactions, and
strain-induced effects in semiconductor quantum dots.Comment: 30 pages, 12 figures, to be published as a Topical Review in the
Journal of Optic
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Electron beam size measurements in the Fermilab Electron Cooling System
The Fermilab Electron Cooling Project requires a straight trajectory and constant beam size to provide maximum cooling of the antiprotons in the Recycler. A measurement system was developed using movable apertures and steering bumps to measure the beam size in a 20m long, nearly continuous, solenoid. This paper will focus on results of these measurements of the beam size and the difficulties in making those measurements
Resonance Effects in the Nonadiabatic Nonlinear Quantum Dimer
The quantum nonlinear dimer consisting of an electron shuttling between the
two sites and in weak interaction with vibrations, is studied numerically under
the application of a DC electric field. A field-induced resonance phenomenon
between the vibrations and the electronic oscillations is found to influence
the electronic transport greatly. For initially delocalization of the electron,
the resonance has the effect of a dramatic increase in the transport. Nonlinear
frequency mixing is identified as the main mechanism that influences transport.
A characterization of the frequency spectrum is also presented.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Characterizing temporary hydrological regimes at a European scale
Monthly duration curves have been constructed from climate data across Europe to help address the relative frequency of ecologically critical low flow stages in temporary rivers, when flow persists only in disconnected pools in the river bed. The hydrological model is 5 based on a partitioning of precipitation to estimate water available for evapotranspiration and plant growth and for residual runoff. The duration curve for monthly flows has then been analysed to give an estimate of bankfull flow based on recurrence interval. The corresponding frequency for pools is then based on the ratio of bank full discharge to pool flow, arguing from observed ratios of cross-sectional areas at flood 10 and low flows to estimate pool flow as 0.1% of bankfull flow, and so estimate the frequency of the pool conditions that constrain survival of river-dwelling arthropods and fish. The methodology has been applied across Europe at 15 km resolution, and can equally be applied under future climatic scenarios
Subcycle Quantum Electrodynamics
Besides their stunning physical properties which are unmatched in a classical
world, squeezed states of electromagnetic radiation bear advanced application
potentials in quantum information systems and precision metrology, including
gravitational wave detectors with unprecedented sensitivity. Since the first
experiments on such nonclassical light, quantum analysis has been based on
homodyning techniques and photon correlation measurements. These methods
require a well-defined carrier frequency and photons contained in a quantum
state need to be absorbed or amplified. They currently function in the visible
to near-infrared and microwave spectral ranges. Quantum nondemolition
experiments may be performed at the expense of excess fluctuations in another
quadrature. Here we generate mid-infrared time-locked patterns of squeezed
vacuum noise. After propagation through free space, the quantum fluctuations of
the electric field are studied in the time domain by electro-optic sampling
with few-femtosecond laser pulses. We directly compare the local noise
amplitude to the level of bare vacuum fluctuations. This nonlinear approach
operates off resonance without absorption or amplification of the field that is
investigated. Subcycle intervals with noise level significantly below the pure
quantum vacuum are found. Enhanced fluctuations in adjacent time segments
manifest generation of highly correlated quantum radiation as a consequence of
the uncertainty principle. Together with efforts in the far infrared, this work
opens a window to the elementary quantum dynamics of light and matter in an
energy range at the boundary between vacuum and thermal background conditions.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
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Design of the Beam Delivery System for the International Linear Collider
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