Las políticas públicas de cuidados de adultos mayores en el Gran Mendoza 2003-2015 : sus efectos en la precariedad laboral de las cuidadoras

La siguiente investigación se orienta a conocer la oferta pública de cuidados dirigida hacia los adultos mayores en la provincia de Mendoza, durante el periodo 2003-2015. Asimismo, se propone indagar en las condiciones de informalidad y precariedad del trabajo remunerado de cuidado, a partir de los relatos de mujeres que ejercen esta tarea. Para el logro de estos objetivos, se desarrolla un estudio cualitativo, que contempla la consulta a fuentes secundarias y la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres cuidadoras y, por otro lado a referentes institucionales de la Dirección de Adultos Mayores y del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de la provincia Mendoza.Fil: Lucero Pennacchio, Mariana .Fil: Segatore, Emiliana . Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales

Las políticas públicas de cuidados de adultos mayores en el Gran Mendoza 2003-2015 : sus efectos en la precariedad laboral de las cuidadoras

En la presente ponencia presentamos los resultados de nuestra investigación orientada a conocer la oferta pública de cuidados dirigida hacia los adultos mayores en la provincia de Mendoza, durante el periodo 2003-2015. Asimismo, nos proponemos indagar en las condiciones de informalidad y precariedad del trabajo remunerado de cuidado, a partir de los relatos de mujeres que ejercen esta tarea. Para el logro de estos objetivos, desarrollamos un estudio cualitativo, que contempló la consulta a fuentes secundarias y la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a mujeres cuidadoras y, por otro lado a referentes institucionales de la Dirección de Adultos Mayores y del Ministerio de Desarrollo Social de la provincia Mendoza.Fil: Lucero Pennacchio, Mariana. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y SocialesFil: Segatore, Emiliana. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociale

High specificity of cphA-encoded metallo-β-lactamase from Aeromonas hydrophila AEO36 for carbapenems and its contribution to β-lactam resistance

The Aeromonas hydrophila AE036 chromosome contains a cphA gene encoding a metallo-beta-lactamase highly active against carbapenem antibiotics. This enzyme was induced in strain AE036 to the same extent by both benzylpenicillin and imipenem. When the cphA gene was inserted into plasmid pACYC184, used to transform Escherichia coli DH5 alpha, the MICs of imipenem, meropenem, and penem HRE664 for recombinant clone DH5 alpha(pAA20R), expressing the Aeromonas metallo-beta-lactamase, were significantly increased, but those of penicillins and cephalosporins were not. When the metallo-beta-lactamase purified from E. coli DH5 alpha(pAA20R) was assayed with several beta-lactam substrates, it hydrolyzed carbapenems but not penicillins or cephalosporins efficiently. These results demonstrate that this metallo-beta-lactamase possesses an unusual spectrum of activity compared with all the other class B enzymes identified so far, being active on penems and carbapenems only. This enzyme may thus contribute to the development of resistance to penems and carbapenems but not other beta-lactams

Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates: Occurrence rates, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and molecular typing in the global SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997-1999

During 1997–1999, a total of 70,067 isolates (6631 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates) were analyzed in the SENTRY program by geographic region and body site of infection. The respiratory tract was the most common source of P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa isolation rates increased during the study interval. Europe was the only region to show a significant decline in β-lactam and aminoglycoside susceptibility rates. There was a reduction in the rates of susceptibility of Canadian isolates to imipenem and of Latin American isolates to meropenem. A total of 218 multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates (MDR-PSA; resistant to piperacillin, ceftazidime, imipenem, and gentamicin) were observed; MDR-PSA occurrence rates (percentages of all isolates) ranged from 8.2% (Latin America) to 0.9% (Canada). No antimicrobial inhibited >50% of MDR-PSA strains. Molecular characterization of selected, generally resistant strains was performed. Isolates showing unique ribogroups were found in Europe, Latin America, and the United States, but clonal spread was documented in several medical centers.A. C. Gales, R. N. Jones, J. Turnidge, R. Rennie, and R. Rampha

Spread of blaCTX-M-type and blaPER-2 β-lactamase genes in clinical isolates from Bolivian hospitals

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Without a room of their own: youth trajectories and child care during COVID-19 lockdown in Mendoza (Argentina)

La situación de pandemia por COVID-19 que comenzó en 2020 se presentó como una crisis sanitaria, social y económica. El confinamiento al espacio de la esfera doméstica tuvo un correlato en la intensificación de las desigualdades de género y puso en la escena pública la importancia de las tareas del cuidado y su inequitativa distribución. En este artículo buscamos comprender las experiencias de las jóvenes que realizaron trabajo de cuidado infantil no remunerado en este nuevo contexto, a través de los testimonios de mujeres jóvenes de la provincia de Mendoza (Argentina). La investigación tiene un enfoque cualitativo, trabajamos desde una perspectiva crítica, que retoma a los cuidados no remunerados desde la economía feminista, buscando aportar a la sociología del cuidado y de las juventudes a partir de un estudio situado.A situação de pandemia por COVID-19 que começou em 2020 apareceu como uma crise sanitária, social e econômica. O confinamento à esfera doméstica teve correlação com a intensificação das desigualdades de gênero e trouxe para a arena pública a importância das tarefas de cuidado e sua distribuição desigual. Neste artigo procuramos compreender as experiências das jovens que realizaram trabalho de cuidados infantis não remunerados neste novo contexto, através dos testemunhos de mulheres jovens da província de Mendoza (Argentina). A pesquisa tem um enfoque qualitativo, trabalhamos a partir de uma perspectiva crítica, que retoma os cuidados não remunerados da economia feminista, procurando contribuir para a sociologia do cuidado e das juventudes a partir de um estudo situado.The COVID-19 pandemic situation started in 2020 was presented as a sanitary, social, and economic crisis. The lockdown within the domestic sphere correlated with intensified gender inequalities and brought the importance of care work and its unequal distribution to the public eye. By means of the testimonies from young women from the province of Mendoza (Argentina), we aim at understanding the experiences of young women who have performed unpaid child care work under this new context. We worked on this research, carried out under a qualitative approach, from a critical perspective referring to unpaid care work from a feminist economy, in order to contribute to the sociology of care and youths from a situated studyFil: Segatore, Emiliana. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales; ArgentinaFil: Seca, María Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; Argentina. Consejo Latinoamericano de Ciencias Sociales; Argentin

Laboratory variants GESG170L, GESG170K, and GESG170H increase carbapenem hydrolysis and confer resistance to clavulanic acid

The Guiana extended-spectrum (GES) b-lactamase GESG170H, GESG170L, and GESG170K mutants showed kcat, Km, and kcat/Km values very dissimilar to those of GES-1 and GES-5. The enhancement of the hydrolytic activity against carbapenems is potentially due to a shift of the substrate in the active site that provides better positioning of the deacylating water molecule caused by the presence of the imidazole ring of H170 and of the long side chain of K170 and L170

Empathy, prosocial behavior and bullying. The actions of the bystanders

Se presenta un estudio cuyo objetivo fue indagar la relación de los fenómenos de acoso escolar con la empatía y la prosocialidad en niños y adolescentes. Participantes: 278 estudiantes (162 mujeres y 116 varones), de 10 a 15 años de edad, concurrentes a dos escuelas públicas de la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina. Método: Se evaluó la presencia de bullying, la prosocialidad y la empatía con cuestionarios multidimensionales y se compararon los grupos según participación en bullying. Los resultados mostraron que, quienes agredían a sus compañeros, obtuvieron puntajes bajos en regulación emocional y toma de perspectiva. Al comparar empatía y prosocialidad, se reportan diferencias con los varones agresores, que obtuvieron bajos niveles. Las intervenciones prosociales de los espectadores mostraron correlación con la autorregulación emocional, la respuesta afectiva y la revalorización del otro.This study researches the relationship between bullying in schools and empathy and prosocial behavior among children and adolescents. Participants: 278 students (162 girls and 116 boys), between the ages of 10 and 15, who attend public schools in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. Method: The existence of bullying, prosocial behavior and empathy was assessed through multidimensional questionnaires and the groups were compared in accordance with their participation in bullying. The results showed that those who abuse their schoolmates had low scores in emotional regulation and perspective-Taking. When empathy and prosocial behavior were compared, differences were found among male assailants, who showed low levels. The prosocial interventions of the bystanders exhibited emotional self-regulation, affective response and revaluation of the other party.Fil: Moreno, Cecilia Beatriz. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación-Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Segatore Pittón, María Emilia. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación-Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Tabullo, Angel Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; Argentin

Culture-dependent and sequencing methods revealed the absence of a bacterial community residing in the urine of healthy cats

A growing number of studies suggest that the lower urinary tract of humans and dogs can harbor a urinary microbiota. Nevertheless, a certain concern has developed that the microbiota reported could be due to unaccounted contamination, especially in low-biomass samples. The aim of this study was to investigate the bacterial community which populates the urine of healthy cats using two approaches: a culture-dependent approach which consisted of the expanded quantitative urine culture (EQUC) techniques capable of identifying live bacteria not growing in standard urine cultures, and a culture-independent approach which consisted of 16S ribosomal RNA next generation sequencing (16S rRNA NGS) capable of identifying bacterial DNA and exploring microbial diversity with high resolution. To avoid confounding factors of possible bacterial contamination, the urine was sampled using ultrasound-guided cystocentesis, and several sample controls and negative controls were analyzed. The urine sampled from the 10 cats included in the study showed no bacterial growth in the EQUC procedure. Although several reads were successfully originated using 16S rRNA NGS, a comparable pattern was observed between urine samples and the negative control, and no taxa were statistically accepted as non-contaminant. Taken together, the results obtained allowed stating that no viable bacteria were present in the urine of healthy cats without lower urinary tract disease and urinary tract infections, and that the bacterial DNA detected was of contaminant origin

A Two Amino Acid Duplication, L167E168, in the X-Loop Drastically Decreases Carbapenemase Activity of KPC-53, a Natural Class A β-Lactamase

KPC-53 enzyme is a natural KPC variant which showed a duplication of L167E168 residues in the X-loop structure. The blaKPC-53 gene was cloned both into pBC-SK and pET-24a vectors, and the recombinant plasmids were transferred by transformation in Escherichia coli competent cells to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility and to produce the enzyme. Compared to KPC-3, the KPC-53 was less stable and showed a dramatic reduction of kcat and kcat/Km versus several β-lactams, in particular carbapenems. Indeed, a 2,000-fold reduction was observed in the kcat values of KPC-53 for imipenem and meropenem. Concerning inhibitors, KPC-53 was susceptible to tazobactam and clavulanic acid but maintained resistance to avibactam. The molecular modeling indicates that the L167E168 duplication in KPC-53 modifies the interactions between residues involved in the catalytic pocket, changing the flexibility of the X-loop, which is directly coupled with the catalytic properties of the KPC enzymes