Разработка технологии утилизации отходов птицеводства в кормовую добавку

В статье рассматриваются проблемы утилизации перо-пухового сырья птицефабрик в высокобелковые корма и кормовые продукты для сельскохозяйственных животных и птиц. Представлена актуальность и приоритет разработки данного направления в развития нашей страны. Показана рациональность применения перо-пуховых отходов в качестве источника белковых веществ в рационах сельскохозяйственных животных и птиц. Рассмотрена модель структуры главного белка пера - кератина. Предложена технологическая схема производства биопрепарата на основе культур промышленных непатогенных микроорганизмов: Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032, Microbacterium terregens AC1180, Bacillus fastidiosus B11090, Arthrobacter globiformis AC1529, Streptomyces olivocinereus AC1169, Acinetobacter sp. B3905 для утилизации кератинсодержащих отходов, а также технологические этапы производства кормовой добавки из перо-пуховых отходов с применением разработанного биопрепарата.In the annotation the problems of perception of disposing feather-down raw poultry farms in high-protein forage and fodder products for agricultural animals and birds are considered in the article. The urgency and priority of developing this direction in the development of our country is presented. It shows a rational application of down-feather waste as a source of proteins in the diet of farm animals and birds. A model of the structure of the main protein of the pen - keratin is considered. Bioproduct proposed technological production scheme based on industrial crops nonpathogenic microorganisms: Bacillus pumilus SAFR-032, Microbacterium terregens AC1180, Bacillus fastidiosus B11090, Arthrobacter globiformis AC1529, Streptomyces olivocinereus AC1169, Acinetobacter sp. B3905 keratin-waste for recycling, as well as the technological stages of production of the feed additive of the pen-feather waste developed using a biological product

Behavior of the total antioxidant status in a group of subjects with metabolic syndrome.

AIM: Our purpose was to examine the total antioxidant status (TAS) in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MS) subdivided according to the presence or not of diabetes mellitus. METHODS: We enrolled 106 subjects (45 women, 61 men) with MS subsequently subdivided in diabetics (14 women, 29 men) and nondiabetics (31 women, 29 men). TAS was obtained using an Assay kit which relies on the ability of plasma antioxidant substances to inhibit the oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid) to the radical ABTS+. RESULTS: In the group of MS subjects a significant decrease in TAS (p<0.05) in comparison with normal controls was evident. This difference was present between normal subjects and nondiabetic subjects with MS (p<0.001) but not between normal and diabetic subjects with MS. Examining the linear regression among TAS, age, anthropometric profile, blood pressure values and glycometabolic pattern, conflicting data were found. CONCLUSIONS: Although we know that TAS includes several enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants, we retain that the difference observed in the two subgroups of subjects with MS must be looked in particular into two pathophysiological aspects regarding bilirubin and uric acid

Diet low in advanced glycation end products increases insulin sensitivity in healthy overweight individuals: a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial

The consumption of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has increased because of modern food processing and has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes in rodents.We determined whether changing dietary AGE intake could modulate insulin sensitivity and secretion in healthy, overweight individuals.We performed a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial of diets in 20 participants [6 women and 14 men; mean ± SD body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 29.8 ± 3.7]. Isoenergetic- and macronutrient-matched diets that were high or low in AGE content were alternately consumed for 2 wk and separated by a 4-wk washout period. At the beginning and end of each dietary period, a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and an intravenous glucose tolerance test were performed. Dietary, plasma and urinary AGEs N(€)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), N(€)-(carboxyethyl)lysin (CEL), and methylglyoxal-derived hydroimadazolidine (MG-H1) were measured with the use of mass spectrometry.Participants consumed less CML, CEL, and MG-H1 during the low-AGE dietary period than during the high-AGE period (all P < 0.05), which was confirmed by changes in urinary AGE excretion. There was an overall difference in insulin sensitivity of -2.1 mg · kg(-1) · min(-1) between diets (P = 0.001). Insulin sensitivity increased by 1.3 mg · kg(-1) · min(-1) after the low-AGE diet (P = 0.004), whereas it showed a tendency to decrease by 0.8 mg · kg(-1) · min(-1) after the high-AGE diet (P = 0.086). There was no difference in body weight or insulin secretion between diets (P = NS).A diet that is low in AGEs may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin sensitivity. Hence, a restriction in dietary AGE content may be an effective strategy to decrease diabetes and cardiovascular disease risks in overweight individuals. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00422253

Paradox of circulating advanced glycation end product concentrations in patients with congestive heart failure and after heart transplantation

Objectives: To analyse circulating concentrations of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF) and after heart transplantation; to identify the potential contribution of kidney function to plasma AGE concentrations; and to determine whether AGE concentrations and parameters of oxidative stress are interrelated.Methods and results: Circulating N-epsilon-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML) and AGE associated fluorescence (AGE-Fl), lipid peroxidation, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were measured in a cross sectional study of 22 patients with advanced CHF, 30 heart transplant recipients, and 20 healthy controls. Compared with the controls, the CHF patients had decreased CML (mean(SEM) 467.8 (20.0) ng/ml v 369.3 (22.3) ng/ml, p<0.01), AGE- Fl (mean (SEM) 302.2 (13.3) arbitrary units v 204.9 (15.7) arbitrary units, p<0.01), and GFR (p<0.01). CML was positively related to decreased total protein and serum albumin and negatively to body mass index (p<0.01). In contrast, in the heart transplant group, impaired GFR was associated with a notable rise of both CML (mean (SEM) 876.1 (53.1) ng/ml, p<0.01) and AGE- Fl (mean (SEM) 385.6 (26.1) arbitrary units, p<0.01). A positive relation between CML and serum albumin (r=0.394, p<0.05) and lipofuscin (r=0.651, p<0.01) was found.Conclusions: The contrasting concentration of CML and AGE- Fl between patients with CHF and after heart transplantation in the presence of decreased GFR and oxidative stress are explained by lowered plasma proteins in CHF and higher concentrations in heart transplant recipients. In heart transplant recipients, in addition to myocardial inflammatory processes, immunosuppression may be important for enhanced formation of AGEs