A new Roman Pavement from Baetica: the so-called 'Dolphin Mosaic' from Naeva (Cantillana, Seville)

We analyse a mosaic recently discovered in the ancient city of Naeva, whose chronology could be dated to the 3rd century AD due to its stylistic peculiarities and the data derived from the study of materials that show the abandonment of the building in which this mosaic pavement is framed at the end of that century. The work also explores the main peculiarity of the mosaic, which lies in its formal aspect, as it covers the entire surface of the impluvium and the rim of a well, of a colonnaded atrium possibly belonging to an important urban domus. The theme represented in the mosaic, which is richly polychrome, combines the elements of water and earth through the representation, located on the floor, of abundant fish fauna and a unique scene of satyrs and maenads framed in an environment of thick vines, developed around the well's rim. To all this we should add the dramatic nature of the whole, caused by the water and the possible flooding of the centre of the atrium, prepared to contain a sheet of water at certain times, which would make this marine scene more realistic.Se analiza un mosaico recientemente descubierto en la antigua ciudad de Naeva, cuya cronología podría inscribirse en el s. III d. C. por sus características estilísticas y por los datos derivados del estudio de materiales que evidencian el abandono del edificio en el que se enmarca este pavimento musivo a finales de dicha centuria. El trabajo profundiza, además, en la principal particularidad del mosaico, que estriba en su aspecto formal, al cubrir toda la superficie del impluvium y del brocal de un pozo, de un atrium columnado posiblemente perteneciente a una importante domus urbana. La temática representada en el mosaico, dotado de rica policromía, compagina los elementos de agua y tierra mediante la representación, localizada en el suelo, de una abundante fauna íctica y de una singular escena de sátiros y ménades enmarcados en un ambiente de espesas vides, desarrollada en torno al brocal del pozo. A todo ello habría que sumar el carácter efectista del conjunto, provocado por el agua y la posible inundación del centro del atrio, preparado para contener en momentos determinados una lámina de agua que concedería mayor realismo a la escena marina

Effects of cytoplasmic inheritance on preweaning traits of Hereford cattle

The influence of cytoplasmic inheritance on birth and weaning weight was evaluated in an experimental Hereford herd. Data on 1,720 records for birth and weaning weights from calves born between 1963 and 2002 were studied. Variance components were estimated using MTDFREML procedures and an animal model was fitted for each trait. Direct and maternal additive effects and permanent environment and maternal lineage effects were treated as random, while year and month of birth, age of dam and sex of the calf were treated as fixed. Identification of maternal lineages was based on pedigree information. The contribution to phenotypic variance of cytoplasmic lineages defined by pedigree information was negligible for both traits. Mitochondrial genotypes of cows present in the herd in 2002 were analyzed by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. Only five different genotypes were identified among 23 maternal lineages. All the animals with records were assigned to maternal genotypes based on pedigree information. The statistical analysis was repeated, removing maternal lineage from the model and including mitochondrial genotype as a fixed effect. No evidence of genotype effects was detected. These results suggest a negligible effect of the mitochondrial genome on the preweaning traits of this Hereford herd.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

El poblado minero-metalúrgico de El Cerro de los Almadenes (Otero de Herreros, Segovia)

Se analiza en el siguiente trabajo las labores arqueológicas llevadas a cabo en el poblado minero metalúrgico de El Cerro de los Almadenes (Otero de Herreros, Segovia), que ha proporcionado importantes datos para el conocimiento de la explotación del cobre en esta zona desde época protohistórica hasta época medieval. </div

El poblado minero-metalúrgico de El Cerro de los Almadenes (Otero de Herreros, Segovia)

Se analiza en el siguiente trabajo las labores arqueológicas llevadas a cabo en el poblado minero metalúrgico de El Cerro de los Almadenes (Otero de Herreros, Segovia), que ha proporcionado importantes datos para el conocimiento de la explotación del cobre en esta zona desde época protohistórica hasta época medievalDiscussed in the following paper archaeological work carried out in the metallurgical mining village of Hill of the Almadenes (Otero de Herreros, Segovia), that it has provided important data for the knowledge from the exploitation of copper in this area from protohistoric times until medieval time

Retinal Molecular Changes Are Associated with Neuroinflammation and Loss of RGCs in an Experimental Model of Glaucoma

Signaling mediated by cytokines and chemokines is involved in glaucoma-associated neuroinflammation and in the damage of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Using multiplexed immunoassay and immunohistochemical techniques in a glaucoma mouse model at different time points after ocular hypertension (OHT), we analyzed (i) the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, BDNF, VEGF, and fractalkine; and (ii) the number of Brn3a+ RGCs. In OHT eyes, there was an upregulation of (i) IFN-γ at days 3, 5, and 15; (ii) IL-4 at days 1, 3, 5, and 7 and IL-10 at days 3 and 5 (coinciding with downregulation of IL1-β at days 1, 5, and 7); (iii) IL-6 at days 1, 3, and 5; (iv) fractalkine and VEGF at day 1; and (v) BDNF at days 1, 3, 7, and 15. In contralateral eyes, there were (i) an upregulation of IL-1β at days 1 and 3 and a downregulation at day 7, coinciding with the downregulation of IL4 at days 3 and 5 and the upregulation at day 7; (ii) an upregulation of IL-6 at days 1, 5, and 7 and a downregulation at 15 days; (iii) an upregulation of IL-10 at days 3 and 7; and (iv) an upregulation of IL-17 at day 15. In OHT eyes, there was a reduction in the Brn3a+ RGCs number at days 3, 5, 7, and 15. OHT changes cytokine levels in both OHT and contralateral eyes at different time points after OHT induction, confirming the immune system involvement in glaucomatous neurodegeneration

Bilateral early activation of retinal microglial cells in a mouse model of unilateral laser-induced experimental ocular hypertension

The immune system plays an important role in glaucomatous neurodegeneration. Retinal microglial reactivation associated with ganglion cell loss could reportedly contribute to the glaucoma progression. Recently we have described signs of microglia activation both in contralateral and ocular hypertension (OHT) eyes involving all retinal layers 15 days after OHT laser induction in mice. However, no works available have analyzed the microglial activation at earliest time points after OHT induction (24 h) in this experimental model. Thus, we seek to describe and quantify signs of microglia activation and differences depending on the retinal layer, 24 h after unilateral laser-induced OHT. Two groups of adult Swiss mice were used: age-matched control (naïve) and lasered. In the lasered animals, OHT eyes as well as contralateral eyes were analyzed. Retinal whole-mounts were immunostained with antibodies against Iba-1 and MHC-II. We quantified the number of microglial cells in the photoreceptor layer (OS), outer plexiform layer (OPL), and inner plexiform layer (IPL); the number of microglial vertical processes connecting the OPL and OS; the area of the retina occupied by Iba-1+ cells (Iba1-RA) in the nerve fiber layer-ganglion cell layer (NFL-GCL), the total arbor area of microglial cells in the OPL and IPL and; Iba-1+ cell body area in the OPL, IPL and NFL-GCL. In contralateral and OHT eyes the morphological features of Iba-1+ cell activation were: migration, enlargement of the cell body, higher degree of branching and reorientation of the processes, radial disposition of the soma and processes toward adjacent microglial plexuses, and presence of amoeboid cells acting as macrophages. These signs were more pronounced in OHT eyes. Most of Iba-1+ cells did not express MHC-II; rather, only dendritic and rounded cells expressed it. In comparison with naïve eyes, in OHT eyes and contralateral eyes no significant differences were found in the microglial cell number; but there was a significant increase in Iba1-RA. The total arbor area of microglial cells was significantly decreased in: i) OHT eyes with respect contralateral eyes and naïve-eyes in IPL; ii) OHT eyes with respect to naïve eyes in OPL. The number of microglial vertical processes connecting the OPL and OS were significantly increased in contralateral eyes compared with naïve-eyes and OHT eyes. In OPL, IPL and NFL-GCL, the cell body area of Iba-1+ cells was significantly greater in OHT eyes than in naïve and contralateral eyes, and greater in contralateral eyes than in naïve eyes. A non-proliferative microglial reactivation was detected both in contralateral eyes and in OHT eyes in an early time after unilateral laser-induced OHT (24 h). This fast microglial activation, which involves the contralateral eye, could be mediated by the immune system

A new Roman Pavement from Baetica: the so-called ‘Dolphin Mosaic’ from Naeva (Cantillana, Seville)

[ES] Se analiza un mosaico recientemente descubierto en la antigua ciudad de Naeva, cuya cronología podría inscribirse en el s. III d. C. por sus características estilísticas y por los datos derivados del estudio de materiales que evidencian el abandono del edificio en el que se enmarca este pavimento musivo a finales de dicha centuria. El trabajo profundiza, además, en la principal particularidad del mosaico, que estriba en su aspecto formal, al cubrir toda la superficie del impluvium y del brocal de un pozo, de un atrium columnado posiblemente perteneciente a una importante domus urbana. La temática representada en el mosaico, dotado de rica policromía, compagina los elementos de agua y tierra mediante la representación, localizada en el suelo, de una abundante fauna íctica y de una singular escena de sátiros y ménades enmarcados en un ambiente de espesas vides, desarrollada en torno al brocal del pozo. A todo ello habría que sumar el carácter efectista del conjunto, provocado por el agua y la posible inundación del centro del atrio, preparado para contener en momentos determinados una lámina de agua que concedería mayor realismo a la escena marina.[EN] We analyse a mosaic recently discovered in the ancient city of Naeva, whose chronology could be dated to the 3rd century AD due to its stylistic peculiarities and the data derived from the study of materials that show the abandonment of the building in which this mosaic pavement is framed at the end of that century. The work also explores the main peculiarity of the mosaic, which lies in its formal aspect, as it covers the entire surface of the impluvium and the rim of a well, of a colonnaded atrium possibly belonging to an important urban domus. The theme represented in the mosaic, which is richly polychrome, combines the elements of water and earth through the representation, located on the floor, of abundant fish fauna and a unique scene of satyrs and maenads framed in an environment of thick vines, developed around the well’s rim. To all this we should add the dramatic nature of the whole, caused by the water and the possible flooding of the centre of the atrium, prepared to contain a sheet of water at certain times, which would make this marine scene more realistic.Peer reviewe

Maternal energy status during late gestation: Effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of steers progeny

The objetive of the current study was to determine the effect of maternal energy status during late gestation on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of steer progeny. At 180 ± 4 d of gestation 56 multiparous Angus cows were blocked by BW and expected calving date and asigned to three levels of nutrition energy: SR (severe restricted; 50% of NRC requirement), MR (moderate restricted; 75% of requirement) and NR (no restricted; 100% of requirement). After parturition, all cows were managed in a single group during lactation. A total of 25 male calves (SR = 8 calves; MR = 9 calves; NR = 8 calves) were born from pregnant cows and all pens had at least one male calf. After weaning, male calves were separated of female calves and were stockered on native range until 24 ± 0.1 months of age then placed into a feedlot for 104 d before harvest. Cow BW and BCS decreased linearly (P .10) by maternal energy status, however, 12 rib fat thickness was greater in SR and MR compared to NR steers (P .10) were observed in sarchomere length or collagen content. Adipocyte diameter was similar (P > .10) between treatments suggesting that decreased 12th rib fat thicness in MR steers could be due to decreased fat tissue hyperplasia. These results indicate that level of energy restriction during late gestation does no have linear response on growth performance and carcass quality of steers progeny.Fil: Ramírez, Maira. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Testa, María Laura. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Agencia de Extensión Rural Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Long, Nathan M.. Clemson University; Estados UnidosFil: López Valiente, Sebastián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado. Agencia de Extensión Rural Rauch; ArgentinaFil: Latorre, Maria Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tandil. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Alejandro M.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado. Agencia de Extensión Rural Rauch; ArgentinaFil: Pavan, Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce. Agencia de Extensión Rural Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Maresca, Sebastián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Buenos Aires Sur. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado. Agencia de Extensión Rural Rauch; Argentin

Molecularly imprinted polymer for the removal of diclofenac from water : Synthesis and characterization

Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) have been introduced as one type of recalcitrant pollutant sources in water. In this study, the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (DCF) has been removed from water solutions using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP), synthetized via bulk polymerization with allylthiourea (AT) as the functional monomer and using DCF as template (MIP-DCF). DCF detection has been performed by UV spectrophotometer. From the kinetic study in batch mode, approximately 100% of removal is observed by using 10 mg of MIP-DCF, with an initial concentration of 5 mg/L of DCF at pH 7, within 3 min and agitated at 25 °C. In continuous flow mode study, using a cartridge pre-packed with 10 mg of MIP-DCF, a high adsorption capacity of 160 mg DCF/g MIP was obtained. To study the porosity of MIPs, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been used. In order to characterize the chemical interaction between monomer and template, the pre-polymerization mixture for MIP and DCF has also been studied by H NMR. One of the chemical shift observed has been related to the formation of a complex between amine protons of thiourea group of AT with carboxylic acid on DCF. In conclusion, the developed MIP works as a good adsorbent for DCF removal, and is selective to DCF in the presence of indomethacin and ibuprofen