An atlas of ECMWF analyses (1980-1987). Part 1: First moment quantities

This document is an atlas of the European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) initialized analyses for 1980 to 1987. Various first moment quantities are presented for monthly, seasonal, and annual averages on a global cylindrical projection, as well as, cross section maps of zonal averages. Global maps of winds, temperature, stream function, and velocity potential are presented at 850 and 200 mb. In addition, global maps of the 300 mb height field (total and eddy), the 500 mb vertical velocity, the 850 mb moisture field, and sea level pressure are presented. The average seasonal cycle and anomalies during the 8 year period are presented for selected quantities

Six-man, self-contained carbon dioxide concentrator subsystem for Space Station Prototype (SSP) application

A six man, self contained, electrochemical carbon dioxide concentrating subsystem for space station prototype use was successfully designed, fabricated, and tested. A test program was successfully completed which covered shakedown testing, design verification testing, and acceptance testing

First Occurrence of the Enigmatic Peccaries Mylohyus elmorei and Prosthennops serus From the Appalachians: Latest Hemphillian to Early Blancan of Gray Fossil Site, Tennessee

Two peccary species, Mylohyus elmorei and Prosthennops serus are described from the medium-bodied fauna of the Gray Fossil Site (GFS) of northeastern Tennessee. This site, recognized as an oak-hickory forest, is latest Hemphillian or earliest Blancan based on mammalian biochronology, with an estimated age of 4.9-4.5 Ma. The GFS represents the only site outside the Palmetto Fauna of Florida with M. elmorei, greatly expanding the species range north over 920 km, well into the Appalachian region. This is also the first Appalachian occurrence of the relatively widespread P. serus. Our understanding of intraspecific variation for both M. elmorei and P. serus is expanded due to morphological and proportional differences found in cranial and dental material from the GFS, Tyner Farm locality, Palmetto Fauna, and within the literature. The GFS M. elmorei material represents the most complete mandible and second cranium for the species, and preserve intraspecific variation in the length of the diastema, dental proportions, and the complexity of the cuspules of the hypoconulid complex. Similarly, mandibular material from the GFS for P. serus exhibited larger dentitions and a greater degree of robustness than currently recognized for the species

Noncyclic covers of knot complements

Hempel has shown that the fundamental groups of knot complements are residually finite. This implies that every nontrivial knot must have a finite-sheeted, noncyclic cover. We give an explicit bound, $\Phi (c)$, such that if $K$ is a nontrivial knot in the three-sphere with a diagram with $c$ crossings and a particularly simple JSJ decomposition then the complement of $K$ has a finite-sheeted, noncyclic cover with at most $\Phi (c)$ sheets.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures, from Ph.D. thesis at Columbia University; Acknowledgments added; Content correcte

Single cell induced optical confinement in biological lasers

We acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC StG ABLASE, 640012), the Scottish Funding Council (via SUPA) and the European Union Marie Curie Career Integration Grant (PCIG12-GA-2012-334407). M.K. acknowledges funding from the EPSRC DTG (EP/M506631/1). M.S. acknowledges funding from the European Commission for a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (659213). I.D.W.S. acknowledges funding from a Royal Society Wolfson research merit award.Biological single cell lasers have shown great potential for fundamental research and next generation sensing applications. In this study, the potential of fluorescent biological cells as refractive index landscapes and active optical elements is investigated using a combined Fourier- and hyperspectral imaging technique. We show that the refractive index contrast between cell and surrounding leads to three dimensional confinement of photons inside living cells. The Fourier- and real-space emission characteristics of these biological lasers are closely related and can be predicted from one another. Investigations of the lasing threshold for different energy and momentum position in Fourier-space give insight into the fundamental creation of longitudinal and transverse lasing modes within the cell. These findings corroborate the potential of living biological materials for precision engineering of photonic structures and may pave the way towards low threshold polariton lasing from single cells.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Superconducting and electro-optical thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition technique

Cataloged from PDF version of article.The pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique is an excellent method to prepare single crystalline complex oxide thin films. We have successfully grown films for the use in HTS SQUID-devices as well as for thin film optical waveguides. The Josephson junction used in the HTS SQUIDs is formed by a step edge type gain boundary junction. The step preparation is a very critical process in the SQUID preparation to achieve reproducible low 1/f noise devices. We have established a new ion beam etching process to achieve clean and steep edges in LaAlO(3) (100) substrates. The 1/f noise of SQUIDs prepared with the new method is drastically reduced. In the process of developing thin film electro-optical waveguide modulators we investigated the influence of different substrates on the optical and structural properties of epitaxial BaTiO(3) thin films. These films are grown on MgO(1 0 0), MgAl(2)O(4)(1 0 0), SrTiO(3)(1 0 0) and MgO buffered Al(2)O(3)(1 (1) over bar 0 2) substrates. The waveguide losses and the refractive indices were measured with a prism coupling setup. The optical data are correlated to the results of Rutherford backscattering spectrometry/ion channeling (RBS/C), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The dielectric constant, the ferroelectric hysteresis loop and the transition temperature (ferroelectric to paraelectric state) of the BaTiO(3) thin films are measured. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved

An atlas of ECMWF analyses (1980-1987). Part 2: Second moment quantities

This document is an atlas based on European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) initialized analyses for 1980-1987. Transports and variance are presented globally at 200 and 850 mb as well as zonally averaged for seasonal and annual averages. Selected fields are filtered to isolate the synoptic (2.5 days is less than periods is less than 6 days) and low frequency (10 days is less than periods is less than 90 days) regions of the spectrum. In addition, time series of the zonally and monthly averaged transports and variances are presented over the entire 8 year period

Light-induced activation and deactivation of bulk defects in boron-doped float-zone silicon

In this paper, we present new insight in the degradation and subsequent recovery of charge carrier lifetime upon light soaking at 75 °C observed in float-zone silicon wafers. Variations of doping type, dielectric passivation schemes and thermal treatments after layer deposition were performed. The degradation was only observed for p-type float-zone silicon wafers passivated with passivation schemes involving silicon nitride layers. An influence of thermal treatments after deposition was found. N-type wafers did not degrade independent of their passivation scheme. Room temperature re-passivation experiments showed the degradation to affect the wafer bulk, and photoluminescence studies demonstrated fine lateral striations of effective lifetime. We conclude that the degradation is caused by bulk defects that might be related to hydrogen complexes

The Two-Loop Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian in Dimensional Renormalization

We clarify a discrepancy between two previous calculations of the two-loop QED Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian, both performed in proper-time regularization, by calculating this quantity in dimensional regularization.Comment: 12 pages, standard Latex, no figures, uses a4wide.st