Визначення статусу Головного контрольно-ревізійного управління України в системі органів виконавчої влади в контексті адміністративної реформи

Розбіжність у окремих нормативно правових актах України стосовно визначення статусу та підпорядкування Головного контрольно-ревізійне управління України, керівного органу державної контрольно ревізійної служби, уповноваженого на здійснення контролюючих функцій від імені Кабінету Міністрів України, призначення на посаду керівника зазначеного органу і відповідно визначення його місця у механізмі державної влади потребує чіткого врегулювання в контексті адміністративно-правової реформи, запровадження публічної адміністрації та удосконалення системи органів виконавчої влади, пов'язаності з іншими гілками влади системою стримувань і противаг. Ключові слова: державне управління, державний орган, правовий статус, державна контрольно ревізійна служба, механізм державної влади, Головне контрольноревізійне управління України, контроль за використанням державних коштівНесоответствие у отдельных нормативно правовых актах Украины относительно определения статусу та подчинения Главного контрольно ревизионного управления Украины, руководящего органа государственной контрольно ревизионной службы, уполномоченного на осуществление контролирующих функций от имени Кабинета Министров Украины, назначение на должность руководителя указанного органа и соответственно определения его места в механизме государственной власти требует четкого урегулирования в контексте административно правовой реформы, внедрения публичной администрации та усовершенствования системы органов исполнительной власти, связи с другими ветвями власти системой сдерживания та противовесов. Ключевые слова: государственное управление, государственный орган, правовой статус, государственная контрольно ревизионная служба, механизм государственной власти, Главное контрольно ревизионное управление Украины, контроль использования государственных средств.Inconsistency in some normative legal acts of Ukraine as regards determination of the status and subordination of the Main Control and Revision Office of Ukraine, the chief authority of the state control and revision service, entitled for performance of controlling functions on behalf of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, appointment of the Chairman of the mentioned authority and correspondingly determination of his/her place in the machinery of the government require clear regulation in the context of administrative legal reform, introduction of public administration and improvement of the system of executive authorities, connection with other branches of power by the system of restraints and counterbalances. Key words: public administration, state authority, legal status, the state control and revision service, machinery of the government, the Main Control and Revision Office of Ukraine, control over use of public funds

Prevalence of overweight in Dutch children with Down syndrome

OBJECTIVE Prevalence of overweight in children is increasing, causing various health problems. This study aims to establish growth references for weight and to assess the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in a nationwide sample of Dutch children with Down syndrome (DS), taking into account the influence of comorbidity. METHODS In 2009, longitudinal growth data from Dutch children with trisomy 21 who were born after 1982 were retrospectively collected from medical records of 25 Dutch regional specialized DS centers. "Healthy" was defined as not having concomitant disorders or having only a mild congenital heart defect. Weight and BMI references were calculated by using the LMS method, and prevalence rates of overweight and obesity by using cutoff values for BMI as defined by the International Obesity Task Force. Differences in prevalence rates were tested by multilevel logistic regression analyses to adjust for gender and age. RESULTS Growth data of 1596 children with DS were analyzed. Compared with the general Dutch population, healthy children with DS were more often overweight (25.5% vs 13.3% in boys, and 32.0% vs 14.9% in girls) and obese (4.2% vs 1.8%, and 5.1% vs 2.2%, respectively). Prevalence rates of overweight between DS children with or without concomitant disorders did not vary significantly. CONCLUSIONS Dutch children with DS have alarmingly high prevalence rates of overweight and obesity during childhood and adolescence. Health care professionals should be aware of the risk of overweight and obesity in children with DS to prevent complications.Prevention, Population and Disease management (PrePoD

Теоретико-методологічні основи розуміння механізму правового регулювання

Метою цієї статті є аналіз напрямів наукових досліджень, що у своїй єдності формують теорію механізму правового регулювання (МПР), розкриття теоретикометодологічних проблем, які мають місце при осмисленні МПР, визначення та систематизація методологічних підходів до розуміння МПР

Cardiometabolic risk factors and quality of life in severely obese children and adolescents in the Netherlands

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of severe obesity in children and adolescents is increasing. However, little is known about cardiometabolic risk factors and quality of life of children with severe obesity.Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the demographic characteristics and the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and quality of life in severely obese children and adolescents undergoing intensive inpatient treatment for obesity. METHODS: Data were collected between August 2009 and April 2011 on 16 children (8-13y) and 64 adolescents (13-19y) with severe obesity (SDS-BMI >= 3.0 or SDS-BMI >= 2.3 and comorbidity) participating in an RCT evaluating two intensive inpatient treatment programs for obesity. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical characteristics and two components of the EuroQol for the assessment of quality of life are described. RESULTS: Eighty percent of participants in this study had at least one cardiometabolic risk factor in addition to severe obesity. Low HDL-cholesterol and hypertension were most prevalent (65.0% respectively 31.2%). The highest significant correlations were found between SDS-BMI and SDS-waist circumference, fasting plasma insulin and HOMA-IR (correlation coefficients respectively 0.80, 0.49, and 0.48). With regard to quality of life, the mean utility score of the participants was 0.79 on a scale of 0.0 to 1.0 on the EuroQol questionnaire and their mean individual valuation was 69.1 on a scale of 0 to100. CONCLUSION: Cardiometabolic risk factors are already highly prevalent in this group of severely obese children and adolescents. The score of 69.1 found for quality of life in this study suggests that participants experience important limitations in their quality of life. However, quality of life is not associated with the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Netherlands Trial Register (NTR1678, registered 20-Feb-2009)

Intranasal Delivery of E-Selectin Reduces Atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− Mice

Mucosal tolerance to E-selectin prevents stroke and protects against ischemic brain damage in experimental models of stroke studying healthy animals or spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats. A reduction in inflammation and neural damage was associated with immunomodulatory or “tolerogenic” responses to E-selectin. The purpose of the current study on ApoE deficient mice is to assess the capacity of this stroke prevention innovation to influence atherosclerosis, a major underlying cause for ischemic strokes; human E-selectin is being translated as a potential clinical prevention strategy for secondary stroke. Female ApoE−/− mice received intranasal delivery of E-selectin prior to (pre-tolerization) or simultaneously with initiation of a high-fat diet. After 7 weeks on the high-fat diet, lipid lesions in the aorta, serum triglycerides, and total cholesterol were assessed as markers of atherosclerosis development. We also assessed E-selectin-specific antibodies and cytokine responses, in addition to inflammatory responses that included macrophage infiltration of the aorta and altered gene expression profiles of aortic mRNA. Intranasal delivery of E-selectin prior to initiation of high-fat chow decreased atherosclerosis, serum total cholesterol, and expression of the leucocyte chemoattractant CCL21 that is typically upregulated in atherosclerotic lesions of ApoE−/− mice. This response was associated with the induction of E-selectin specific cells producing the immunomodulatory cytokine IL-10 and immunosuppressive antibody isotypes. Intranasal administration of E-selectin generates E-selectin specific immune responses that are immunosuppressive in nature and can ameliorate atherosclerosis, a major risk factor for ischemic stroke. These results provide additional preclinical support for the potential of induction of mucosal tolerance to E-selectin to prevent stroke