3G in Pakistan: a social – not economic – revolution?

LSE’s Emrys Schoemaker argues that the spread of mobile internet in Pakistan is likely to drive social change rather than economic growth

Spin Injection and Detection via the Anomalous Spin Hall Effect in a Ferromagnetic Metal

We report a novel spin injection and detection mechanism via the anomalous Hall effect in a ferromagnetic metal. The anomalous spin Hall effect (ASHE) refers to the transverse spin current generated within the ferromagnet. We utilize the ASHE and its reciprocal effect to electrically inject and detect magnons in a magnetic insulator in a non-local geometry. Our experiments reveal that permalloy can have a higher spin injection and detection efficiency to that of platinum, owing to the ASHE. We also demonstrate the tunability of the ASHE via the orientation of the permalloy magnetization, thus creating new possibilities for spintronic applications

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Objective To report a surgical technique for treatment of chronic, recurrent cloacal prolapse in a sulphur-crested cockatoo (Cacatua galerita). Study Design Clinical report Animals Sulphur-crested cockatoo (n = 1) Methods The bird was admitted with a 2-year history of periodic lethargy, decreased appetite, dyschezia, tenesmus, and colocloacal prolapse. An incisional colopexy was performed under general anesthesia to permanently reduce the colocloacal prolapse. To gain access to the coelomic cavity, a ventral U-shaped incision was made, after which the colon and cloaca were restored in their normal anatomic position. Subsequently, the distal colon was sutured to the left abdominal wall. Results Colocloacal prolapse was successfully reduced. One month later, cloacoplasty was performed to reduce cloacal width. Long-term follow-up, including a barium contrast study, revealed normal function and an intact colopexy, without recurrence of the prolapse. Conclusions Incisional colopexy is feasible despite a bird's relative small body size

Self-trapped electrons and holes in PbBr2_2 crystals

We have directly observed self-trapped electrons and holes in PbBr$_{2}$ crystals with electron-spin-resonance (ESR) technique. The self-trapped states are induced below 8 K by two-photon interband excitation with pulsed 120-fs-width laser light at 3.10 eV. Spin-Hamiltonian analyses of the ESR signals have revealed that the self-trapping electron centers are the dimer molecules of Pb$_2$$^{3+}$ along the crystallographic a axis and the self-trapping hole centers are those of Br$_2$$^-$ with two possible configurations in the unit cell of the crystal. Thermal stability of the self-trapped electrons and holes suggests that both of them are related to the blue-green luminescence band at 2.55 eV coming from recombination of spatially separated electron-hole pairs.Comment: 8 pages (7 figures, 2 tables), ReVTEX; revised the text and figures 1, 4, and

Дослідження проблеми здимання гірських порід із застосуванням апарату теорії стійкості механічних систем: постановка задачі

Описаны возможные направления развития исследований явлений, сопровождающихся большими пластическими деформациями (исследование геодинамических явлений, явлений потери устойчивости почвы выработки (пучения) и т.п.).Possible directions of development of researches of the effects, attended with large plastic strains are described (research of the geodynamics effects, effects of losses of roadway floor sustainability (rock heaving) etc.)

Bradykinin mediates cardiac preconditioning at a distance

Preconditioning the heart by brief coronary (CAO) or mesenteric artery occlusion (MAO) can protect against damage during subsequent prolonged CAO and reperfusion. The role of bradykinin (BK) in remote cardiac preconditioning by MAO is investigated by antagonizing the BK B(2) receptor [Hoechst 140 (HOE-140)] or simulating local BK release by mesenteric intra-arterial infusion. Anesthetized male Wistar rats (n = 6-8) were treated with HOE-140 or saline before starting the preconditioning protocol, CAO, MAO, or non-preconditioned control. Infarct size related to risk area [ratio of infarct area to area at risk (IA/AR)] was determined after 3 h of reperfusion following a 60-min CAO. IA/AR was 62 +/- 5% in controls and not affected by HOE-140 (58 +/- 6%). CAO as well as MAO significantly protected the heart (IA/AR, 37 +/- 3 and 35 +/- 5%), which was prevented by HOE-140 (IA/AR, 71 +/- 6 and 65 +/- 7%, respectively). Brief intramesenteric BK infusion mimicked MAO (IA/AR, 26 +/- 3%). Pretreatment with hexamethonium could abolish this protection (IA/AR, 67 +/- 4%). These data indicate an important role for BK in remote preconditioning by MAO. Results support the hypothesis that remote preconditioning acts through sensory nerve stimulation in the ischemic organ

Professional identity of future financiers as the basis of professional culture

Розкрито суть професійної ідентичності як складного, багатофункціонального явища, яке тісно пов’язано з професійним самовизначенням і формується в процесі професійної підготовки майбутніх фінансистів. З'ясовано, що за своєю суттю професійна ідентичність має тісний взаємозв’язок із загальною культурою, системою цінностей, професіоналізмом і компетентностями фахівця, пов’язана зі змінами в структурі особистості. Автор вважає, що цілком ймовірно розглядати її як основу формування професійної культури майбутніх молодших фахівців з фінансів і кредиту.The essence of professional identity as a complex, multifunctional phenomenon, which is closely connected with professional self-determination and is formed in the process of professional training of future financiers, is disclosed. It has been found out that, in essence, professional identity has a close relationship with the general culture, system of values, professionalism and competence of a specialist associated with changes in the structure of the individual. The author believes that it is quite possible to consider it as the basis for the formation of a professional culture of future junior specialists in finance and credit

Op weg naar maatschappelijke kosten-batenanalyses voor preventie en zorg : Themarapport Volksgezondheid Toekomst Verkenning 2014

Een maatschappelijke kosten-batenanalyse (MKBA) biedt een overzicht van de voor- en nadelen van een maatregel, zoals de aanleg van een weg of woonwijk. Door deze voor- en nadelen zoveel mogelijk te kwantificeren en in euro's uit te drukken, geeft een MKBA inzicht in het effect van de maatregel op de welvaart in Nederland. Met die informatie kan een MKBA de politieke besluitvorming ondersteunen en verhelderen. Om de kwaliteit en de vergelijkbaarheid van MKBA's te waarborgen hebben het Centraal Planbureau (CPB) en het Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving (PBL) in 2013 een algemene MKBA-leidraad opgesteld. De ministeries zullen de komende jaren werkwijzers maken, waarin de principes van de algemene leidraad worden geconcretiseerd voor het eigen beleidsterrein. Dit rapport van het RIVM is bedoeld als een eerste stap om te komen tot zo'n werkwijzer voor volksgezondheid en zorg. In het rapport laten we zien wat de consequenties zijn als vanuit de MKBA-methode naar dit terrein wordt gekeken. Een goede MKBA kan ook op het terrein van volksgezondheid en zorg een bijdrage leveren aan de beleidsvoorbereiding en de besluitvorming. Daarvoor moeten nog wel enkele methodologische aspecten nader uitgewerkt en bediscussieerd worden. Belangrijke thema's daarbij zijn: effecten op de verdeling van welvaart tussen groepen mensen, de waarde van gezondheid in euro's, het kwantificeren van arbeidsbaten en het waarderen van toekomstige baten (de 'discontovoet'). In dit rapport signaleert en expliciteert het RIVM de belangrijkste vragen en dilemma's waarop de werkwijzer een antwoord moet geven