First results of material charging in the space environment

A satellite experiment, designed to measure potential charging of typical thermal control materials at near geosynchronous altitude, was flown as part of the SCATHA program. Direct observations of charging of typical satellite materials in a natural charging event ( 5 keV) are presented. The results show some features which differ significantly from previous laboratory simulations of the environment

Microglia/macrophage derived human CCL18 promotes glioma progression via CCR8-ACP5 axis analyzed in humanized slice model

Factors released from glioma-associated microglia/macrophages (GAMs) play a crucial role in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) progression. Here, we study the importance of CCL18, a cytokine expressed in human but not in rodent GAMs, as a modulator of glioma growth. Since CCL18 signaling could not be studied in classical mouse glioma models, we developed an approach by transplanting induced pluripotent stem cell-derived human microglia and human glioma cells into mouse brain slices depleted of their intrinsic microglia. We observe that CCL18 promotes glioma cell growth and invasion. Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 8 (CCR8) is identified as a functional receptor for CCL18 on glioma cells, and ACP5 (acid phosphatase 5) is revealed as an important part of the downstream signaling cascade for mediating glioma growth. We conclude, based on the results from an in vitro, ex vivo humanized glioma model and an in vivo GBM model that microglia/macrophage-derived CCL18 promotes glioma growth

Solarthermie 2000. Teilprogramm 2: Musterstatiken fuer tragende Aufstellkonstruktionen von thermischen Solaranlagen auf Flachdaechern Abschlussbericht

The target of the project is, to lower the costs of the basic constructions and the costs of the static calculation. These costs categories develop when setting up collectors on flat roofs. Cost-optimized solutions are presented beginning with the attachment detail up to the carrying construction. A economical implementation enables. A substantial point of the project is the examination of the load assumptions, particularly the wind load. Result is a modular system, which gives a selection of attachment details depending upon available roof structure and a combination of different carrying constructions co-ordinated with most frequently occurring collector types enables. (orig.)Das Ziel des Projektes ist, sowohl die Kosten fuer die Unterkonstruktion als auch die Kosten fuer die statische Berechnung, die fuer eine Aufstaenderung von Kollektoren auf flachen Daechern notwendig sind, zu senken. Dazu werden kostenoptimierte Loesungen fuer Aufstaenderungssysteme vom Befestigungsdetail bis zur Tragkonstruktion vorgestellt, die eine kostenguenstige Realisierung ermoeglichen. Ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des Vorhabens ist die Ueberpruefung der Lastannahmen insbesondere der Windlast. Resultat ist ein modulares System, das, je nach vorliegender Dachkonstruktion, eine Auswahl von Befestigungsdetails vorgibt und eine Kombination verschiedener Tragkonstruktionen mit den gebraeuchlichsten Kollektortypen und -feldgroessen ermoeglicht. (orig.)Published in 2 separate volumesSIGLEAvailable from TIB Hannover: F01B1766(1): F01B1766(2) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekBundesministerium fuer Bildung und Forschung, Berlin (Germany)DEGerman

CEPPAD

The CEPPAD Experiment consists of four sensors for investigating energetic particle phenomena on the POLAR mission. These sensors provide 3-D proton and electron angular distributions in the energy range of 20 keV to 1 MeV, energetic proton and electron measurements extending to energies greater than 10 MEV, high angular and time resolution measurements in the loss-cone, and data on energetic neutral particles. All sensors operate in conjunction with special on-board data processing units which control sensor data acquisition modes while performing in-flight data processing, data compression, and telemetry formatting. Presented here is a CEPPAD system overview together with descriptions of the individual sensors, the in-flight data processing, and examples of sensor calibration data