82 research outputs found
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Experience in operation of a pilot plant melting residual substances
A pilot plant to melt residual substances was operated over a period of more than four months. To examine any extreme situations, residues from incineration plants were used. The results obtained from these trials are very positive and encouraging for use in industrial applications. It has been achieved that the glass represents a satisfactory and long-term stable sink for major heavy metals, and another sink has been provided for other heavy metals through arrestment in a filter systems. Furthermore, any organic contaminants contained in the substances have been successfully destroyed. Contrary to conventional sheet glass melts, good performance and specific values have been confirmed. Using a special treatment technique, a major drawback involved with industrial residues, i.e., heterogeneity of basic material, has been reduced such that the future production of glass products with defined properties is considered to be possible. Preference is given to large-scale recovery in complex residues melting systems from a technological, economic and environmental point of view
Bottom-up isotropization in classical-statistical lattice gauge theory
We compute nonequilibrium dynamics for classical-statistical SU(2) pure gauge
theory on a lattice. We consider anisotropic initial conditions with high
occupation numbers in the transverse plane on a characteristic scale ~ Q_s.
This is used to investigate the very early stages of the thermalization process
in the context of heavy-ion collisions. We find Weibel or "primary"
instabilities with growth rates similar to those obtained from previous
treatments employing anisotropic distributions of hard modes (particles) in the
weak coupling limit. We observe "secondary" growth rates for higher-momentum
modes reaching substantially larger values and we analyse them in terms of
resummed loop diagrams beyond the hard-loop approximation. We find that a
coarse grained pressure isotropizes "bottom-up" with a characteristic inverse
rate of gamma^{-1} ~ 1 - 2 fm/c for coarse graining momentum scales of p < 1
GeV choosing an initial energy density for RHIC of epsilon = 30 GeV/fm^3. The
nonequilibrium spatial Wilson loop is found to exhibit an area law and to
become isotropic on a similar time scale.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figures. Phys. Rev. D version, appendix on insensitivity
to volume and cutoff effects adde
Determination of residual stress in bonded wood components
Climate tests on double-layered samples were performed to detect deformation and induced stress concentrations. The paper is divided into two parts. The first presents experimental results for double-layered specimens. These specimens consisted of two wooden layers (each conditioned at a different climate before bonding) that were bonded using two different adhesives. The displacement field of the specimens was measured by means of digital fringe projection. The second part presents finite element results for two model stages using coupled thermal-mechanical analysis. For the first simple model, both orthotropic properties and the grain orientations were taken into account to investigate the behavior of the layers in principle. The results were compared to those for the experimental set-up. The improved second-stage model considers the adhesive layer between the wooden layers. The experimental and computational results of the improved simulation model are in good agreement. In the future, if inelastic material behavior is considered in a competitively superior manner, even better simulation results can be expecte
Out of equilibrium dynamics of coherent non-abelian gauge fields
We study out-of-equilibrium dynamics of intense non-abelian gauge fields.
Generalizing the well-known Nielsen-Olesen instabilities for constant initial
color-magnetic fields, we investigate the impact of temporal modulations and
fluctuations in the initial conditions. This leads to a remarkable coexistence
of the original Nielsen-Olesen instability and the subdominant phenomenon of
parametric resonance. Taking into account that the fields may be correlated
only over a limited transverse size, we model characteristic aspects of the
dynamics of color flux tubes relevant in the context of heavy-ion collisions.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures; PRD version, minor change
Osteoblastic Response in Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer with Activating EGFR Mutations and Bone Metastases during Treatment with EGFR Kinase Inhibitors
© 2010International Association for the Study of Lung Cance
LHRH sparing therapy in patients with chemotherapy-naïve, mCRPC treated with abiraterone acetate plus prednisone: results of the randomized phase II SPARE trial
Background
Although the benefit of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) continuation in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains controversial, clinical evidence is lacking. Recent results indicated that treatment with abiraterone acetate (AA) plus prednisone (P) further suppresses serum testosterone levels over ADT alone, suggesting that continuation of ADT in the treatment of mCRPC may not be necessary.
Methods
In this exploratory phase 2 study, mCRPC patients were randomized with a 1:1 ratio to receive either continued ADT plus AA + P (Arm A) or AA + P alone (Arm B). The primary endpoint was the rate of radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) at month 12. Secondary endpoints included PSA-response rate, objective response, time to PSA progression and safety.
Results
A total of 68 patients were equally randomized between the two study arms. Median testosterone-levels remained below castrate-levels throughout treatment in all patients. According to the intention-to-treat analysis the rPFS rate was 0.84 in Arm A and 0.89 in Arm B. Moderate and severe treatment-emergent adverse events were reported for 72% of the patients in Arm A and for 85% of the patients in Arm B.
Conclusions
AA + P treatment without ADT may be effective in mCRPC patients and ADT may not be necessary in patients receiving AA + P
Resolution-of-identity approach to Hartree-Fock, hybrid density functionals, RPA, MP2, and \textit{GW} with numeric atom-centered orbital basis functions
Efficient implementations of electronic structure methods are essential for
first-principles modeling of molecules and solids. We here present a
particularly efficient common framework for methods beyond semilocal
density-functional theory, including Hartree-Fock (HF), hybrid density
functionals, random-phase approximation (RPA), second-order M{\o}ller-Plesset
perturbation theory (MP2), and the method. This computational framework
allows us to use compact and accurate numeric atom-centered orbitals (popular
in many implementations of semilocal density-functional theory) as basis
functions. The essence of our framework is to employ the "resolution of
identity (RI)" technique to facilitate the treatment of both the two-electron
Coulomb repulsion integrals (required in all these approaches) as well as the
linear density-response function (required for RPA and ). This is possible
because these quantities can be expressed in terms of products of
single-particle basis functions, which can in turn be expanded in a set of
auxiliary basis functions (ABFs). The construction of ABFs lies at the heart of
the RI technique, and here we propose a simple prescription for constructing
the ABFs which can be applied regardless of whether the underlying radial
functions have a specific analytical shape (e.g., Gaussian) or are numerically
tabulated. We demonstrate the accuracy of our RI implementation for Gaussian
and NAO basis functions, as well as the convergence behavior of our NAO basis
sets for the above-mentioned methods. Benchmark results are presented for the
ionization energies of 50 selected atoms and molecules from the G2 ion test set
as obtained with and MP2 self-energy methods, and the G2-I atomization
energies as well as the S22 molecular interaction energies as obtained with the
RPA method.Comment: 58 pages, 15 figures, and 7 table
Benchmarking of Mutation Diagnostics in Clinical Lung Cancer Specimens
Treatment of EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors erlotinib or gefitinib results in high response rates and prolonged progression-free survival. Despite the development of sensitive mutation detection approaches, a thorough validation of these in a clinical setting has so far been lacking. We performed, in a clinical setting, a systematic validation of dideoxy ‘Sanger’ sequencing and pyrosequencing against massively parallel sequencing as one of the most sensitive mutation detection technologies available. Mutational annotation of clinical lung tumor samples revealed that of all patients with a confirmed response to EGFR inhibition, only massively parallel sequencing detected all relevant mutations. By contrast, dideoxy sequencing missed four responders and pyrosequencing missed two responders, indicating a dramatic lack of sensitivity of dideoxy sequencing, which is widely applied for this purpose. Furthermore, precise quantification of mutant alleles revealed a low correlation (r2 = 0.27) of histopathological estimates of tumor content and frequency of mutant alleles, thereby questioning the use of histopathology for stratification of specimens for individual analytical procedures. Our results suggest that enhanced analytical sensitivity is critically required to correctly identify patients responding to EGFR inhibition. More broadly, our results emphasize the need for thorough evaluation of all mutation detection approaches against massively parallel sequencing as a prerequisite for any clinical implementation
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