Immersive Storytelling for Information Security Awareness Training in Virtual Reality

Due to the central role of the human factor in information security, the need for information security awareness (ISA) is constantly increasing. In order to maintain a high level of ISA, trainings have to be carried out frequently to ensure sustainability. Since education via VR has led to a sustainable learning effect in other fields, we evaluated the use of VR for ISA trainings. Moreover, we combined our VR training with immersive storytelling. For the evaluation we used two sets of participants. The first used a traditional e-Learning method to answer the questionnaire. The second used our VR training. After one week we repeated the questionnaires. The results showed that the VR group could achieve higher scores than the noVR group. Moreover, the VR group achieved even higher scores after one week which might be due to the sustained learning effect from the VR training

Nachhaltigkeit: Avoiding Design: Warum gutes Design kein Design ist und auch das Nicht-Designen und Vermeiden von Produkten Gestalterhandwerk sein muss

„Avoiding Design“ bezeichnet nicht nur das Verhindern durch Design, sondern auch das Vermeiden von Design an sich – also das bewusste Nicht-Designen, um Produkte grundlegend an ihrer Entstehung zu hindern. Es schafft ein Bewusstsein dafür, dass ein gleicher oder größerer Nutzen für die Nachhaltigkeit erzeugt wird, wenn man etwas so belässt wie es ist oder etwas wegnimmt, anstatt etwas hinzuzufügen. Die Natur des Designs ist formgebend und in die Welt hinein entwerfend. Dass das Ergebnis des Designprozesses aber auch formnehmend oder verwerfend sein kann, wird kaum in Betracht gezogen. Anstatt bestehende Produkte nur einem nachhaltigen Redesign zu unterziehen oder völlig neue hinzuzufügen, müssen Designentscheidungen grundlegend hinterfragt und rückgängig gemacht werden, um die Anzahl von Produkten insgesamt zu reduzieren

Weak pinning and long-range anticorrelated motion of phase boundaries in driven diffusive systems

We show that domain walls separating coexisting extremal current phases in driven diffusive systems exhibit complex stochastic dynamics, with a subdiffusive temporal growth of position fluctuations due to long-range anticorrelated current fluctuations and a weak pinning at long times. This weak pinning manifests itself in a saturated width of the domain wall position fluctuations that increases sublinearly with the system size. As a function of time $t$ and system size $L$, the width $w(t,L)$ exhibits a scaling behavior $w(t,L)=L^{3/4}f(t/L^{9/4})$, with $f(u)$ constant for $u\gg1$ and $f(u)\sim u^{1/3}$ for $u\ll1$. An Orstein-Uhlenbeck process with long-range anticorrelated noise is shown to capture this scaling behavior. Results for the drift coefficient of the domain wall motion point to memory effects in its dynamics.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures plus 6 pages supplemental material with 3 figure

Wearable Based Calibration of Contactless In-home Motion Sensors for Physical Activity Monitoring in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Passive infrared motion sensors are commonly used in telemonitoring applications to monitor older community-dwelling adults at risk. One possible use case is quantification of in-home physical activity, a key factor and potential digital biomarker for healthy and independent aging. A major disadvantage of passive infrared sensors is their lack of performance and comparability in physical activity quantification. In this work, we calibrate passive infrared motion sensors for in-home physical activity quantification with simultaneously acquired data from wearable accelerometers and use the data to find a suitable correlation between in-home and out-of-home physical activity. We use data from 20 community-dwelling older adults that were simultaneously provided with wireless passive infrared motion sensors in their homes, and a wearable accelerometer for at least 60 days. We applied multiple calibration algorithms and evaluated results based on several statistical and clinical metrics. We found that using even relatively small amounts of wearable based ground-truth data over 7–14 days, passive infrared based wireless sensor systems can be calibrated to give largely better estimates of older adults’ daily physical activity. This increase in performance translates directly to stronger correlations of measured physical activity levels with a variety of age relevant health indicators and outcomes known to be associated with physical activity

Detection of health deterioration in a COVID-19 patient at home: the potential of ambient sensor systems

The COVID-19 pandemic created increased interest in monitoring patients at home to allow timely recognition of health deteriorations. Hospital care is particularly demanding in these patients because of the necessity for isolation to avoid further spread of the disease. Therefore, home care is a preferred treatment setting for these patients. This is, to our knowledge, the first report indicating the potential of an affordable, contactless, and unobtrusive ambient sensor system for the detection of signs of health deterioration in a patient with COVID-19 by a caregiver from a distance. Prospective data acquisition and correlation of the data with clinical events were obtained from an 81-year-old senior with COVID-19 before and, in particular, over a period of 10 days prior to hospitalization. Clinical signs included weakness, increased respiration rate, sleep disturbances, and confusion. The visualization of a combination of this information on a dedicated dashboard allowed the caregiver to recognize a serious health deterioration that required a lifesaving hospitalization. The potential of such ambient sensor systems to detect signs of serious health deterioration in patients with COVID-19 opens new opportunities for use in asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic patients who live alone and are sent back to their homes for isolation in quarantine after diagnosis

Nonlinear hopping transport in ring systems and open channels

We study the nonlinear hopping transport in one-dimensional rings and open channels. Analytical results are derived for the stationary current response to a constant bias without assuming any specific coupling to the external fields. It is shown that anomalous large effective jump lengths, as observed in recent experiments by taking the ratio of the third order nonlinear and the linear conductivity, can occur already in ordered systems. Rectification effects due to site energy disorder in ring systems are expected to become irrelevant for large system sizes. In open channels in contrast, rectification effects occur already for disorder in the jump barriers and do not vanish in the thermodynamic limit. Numerical solutions for a sinusoidal bias show that the ring system provides a good description for the transport behavior in the open channel for intermediate and high frequencies. For low frequencies temporal variations in the mean particle number have to be taken into account in the open channel, which cannot be captured in the more simple ring model.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figure