Social Interaction and Communities of Practice in Formative Period NW Argentina: A Multi-analytical Study of Ceramics

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from University of New Mexico Press via the link in this recordThe study of long-distance exchange of goods and resources has long been central to the understanding of socio-political and cultural complexity in the south-central Andes. Traditional studies have emphasized typological similarities to reconstruct regional networks, proposing the dominance of different centres through time. While these approaches were informative on the general direction of contacts, the nature and scale of interaction has remained speculative. This chapter summarises the latest results of our ongoing research project on long-distance circulation of archaeological materials in northwestern Argentina during part of the Formative Period (ca. 1500 BC-AD 1000). The study applied a multianalytical methodological strategy integrating archaeological analysis with archaeometric techniques, including thin section petrography, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and laser ablation inductively coupled massspectometry (LA-ICP-MS) in order to contribute an evidence-based holistic view of preHispanic exchange networks. The study examined materials traditionally studied separately, including 542 ceramic samples and 113 obsidian and volcanic rock artifacts, from seven sectors in the semi-arid valleys area. We summarize here the results of the ceramic analysis, showing the 19-2 following trends: (1) inter-valley heterogeneity of clay and fabrics for ordinary wares; (2) intervalley homogeneity of clay and fabrics for a wide range of decorated wares; (3) selective circulation of two distinct polychrome wares. These trends reflect the complex inter-community relationships experienced in small-scale societies. The study offers a new platform to model ancient exchange, and circulation and interaction more broadly, based on actual material transfers. The results call for the re-examination of the centralized models of exchange and interaction that are often drawn upon to account for emergent cultural complexity in the past, both in the Andes and beyond.British AcademyArts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC)Argentinean National Agency for Science and Technology (ANPCyT)Raíces ProgramArgentinian National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET

Synthesis and anticancer activity of Pt(0)-olefin complexes bearing 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane and N-heterocyclic carbene ligands

A series of Pt(0)-η2-olefin complexes bearing 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) or N-heterocyclic carbenes are prepared following different synthetic strategies depending on the nature of coordinated alkene and spectator ligands. These new platinum(0) derivatives have been tested in vitro as anticancer agents toward three different tumor (human ovarian cancer A2780 and A2780cis and K562 myelogenous leukemia) and one non-tumor (Hacat keratinocytes) cell lines, proving to be in several cases highly and selectively cytotoxic against ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, this antiproliferative effect is associated with the activation of an apoptosis process. In particular, complexes equipped with PTA as spectator ligand give comparable IC50 values on A2780 (cisplatin sensitive) and A2780cis (cisplatin resistant) cell lines, indirectly proving that these new Pt(0) substrates act with a mechanism of action conceivably different from cisplatin. This hypothesis is also confirmed by the fact that our compounds, in contrast to cisplatin, are not able to promote erythroid-differentiation activity on the K562 myelogenous leukemia cell line

Synthesis and characterization of novel olefin complexes of palladium(0) with chelating bis(N-heterocyclic carbenes) as spectator ligands

We have synthesized several novel palladium(0) olefin complexes stabilized by strong σ-donating bis-chelating carbene ligands characterized by one or two CH2spacers and electron-withdrawing olefins. Although it appears obvious that the σ-donating carbenes and electron-withdrawing olefins should cooperate in the stabilization of the ensuing complexes, the limit of their coexistence was not hitherto clear. On the basis of previously measured stabilizing capability of the olefins toward Pd(0) complexes we were able to synthesize ten complexes (nine new and one synthesized by a different protocol from that of the literature). The less electron-withdrawing olefin capable of stabilizing the complex was dimethylfumarate. However, the most interesting results were obtained with the (Z)-1,2-bis(p-tolylsulfonyl)ethene (cis-sulf) which instantly isomerizes upon coordination and in the case of the derivative bearing the olefin tetramethyl ethene-1,1,2,2-tetracarboxylate (tmetc) whose decomposition in CD2Cl2yields the saturated tetramethyl ethane-1,1,2,2-tetracarboxylate (D2). The solid-state structure of the complex 4d bearing the bis-carbene 1,1′-dibenzyl-3,3′methylenediimidazol-2,2′-diylidene and the olefin (E)-1,2-bis(p-tolylsulfonyl)ethene (trans-sulf) was also determined

Synthesis of novel olefin complexes of palladium(0) bearing monodentate NHC, phosphine and isocyanide spectator ligands

We have synthesized and characterized seventeen new bis-NHC, mixed NHCâ\u80\u93phosphines or NHCâ\u80\u93isocyanides Pd(0) olefin complexes that can potentially act as catalysts. The complexes were characterized by standard spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis and in two cases by SC-XRD technique. We have analyzed with particular care the thermodynamic and kinetic conditions governing the one-pot synthesis of the mixed complexes. In this respect we tried to validate our results by a dedicated computational study on the mutual distribution of the isomers that could be potentially formed. However, the computational result is not clear-cut owing to the not significant value of the calculated Î\u94G0. Finally, in one case we have measured the rate of the exchange reaction between not particularly encumbered olefins

Guillain-Barré syndrome in temporal association with influenza A vaccine

OBJECTIVE: To report a case of Guillain-Barré syndrome following influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccine. CASE DESCRIPTION: A four-year-old boy presented right thigh pain and ascending muscular weakness 15 days after the second dose of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccine. The neurological examination revealed tetraparesis and areflexia. Electroneuromyography showed lower velocity and conduction blockage with small secondary axonal loss. Treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, the patient reached a plateau in the 4th day, followed by progressive muscular strength improvement. COMMENTS: The employment of large-scale influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccination and the preliminary reports from the American Surveillance Program suggest a significant association between Guillain-Barré syndrome and influenza A H1N1 2009 vaccination. All suspected cases of this association should be published for further evaluation. Vaccination remains the most effective method to prevent serious illness and death related to influenza.OBJETIVO: Descrever um caso de síndrome de Guillain-Barré em associação temporal com a vacina influenza A (H1N1) 2009. DESCRIÇAO DO CASO: Menino de quatro anos com queixa inicial de dor em coxa direita e perda de força muscular ascendente 15 dias após a segunda dose da vacina influenza A (H1N1) 2009. Ao exame neurológico apresentava tetraparesia e arreflexia, com predomínio em membros inferiores. A eletroneuromiografia evidenciou redução da velocidade e bloqueio de condução neuronal, com discreta perda axonal secundária. Foi tratado com imunoglobulina por via intravenosa, atingiu platô no quarto dia de evolução da doença e, depois, houve melhora progressiva da força muscular. COMENTÁRIOS: Com o emprego em larga escala da vacina influenza A (H1N1) 2009 em nosso meio e os dados preliminares do sistema de vigilância norte-americano mostrando associação temporal significante com a síndrome de Guillain-Barré, recomenda-se a descrição dos casos suspeitos dessa associação. A vacina continua sendo o método mais efetivo para prevenir doença grave e morte por influenza.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

The anticancer activity of an air-stable Pd(i)-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) dimer

A new dinuclear Pd(i) complex coordinating two bis(NHC) ligands revealed an unsuspected stability despite the unsaturation of the two metal centres. Even more surprisingly, the compound showed high and selective antiproliferative activity against different cancer cell lines and ovarian cancer tumoroids, and the mechanism of action was different from that of cisplatin

The anticancer activity of an air-stable Pd(i)-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) dimer

A new dinuclear Pd(i) complex coordinating two bis(NHC) ligands revealed an unsuspected stability despite the unsaturation of the two metal centres. Even more surprisingly, the compound showed high and selective antiproliferative activity against different cancer cell lines and ovarian cancer tumoroids, and the mechanism of action was different from that of cisplatin

Palladacyclopentadienyl complexes bearing purine-based N-heterocyclic carbenes: A new class of promising antiproliferative agents against human ovarian cancer

A complete protocol for the synthesis of new palladacyclopentadienyl complexes with purine‐ based carbenes as supporting ligands is described. The new organometallic compounds were exhaustively characterized using NMR and infrared spectroscopies and elemental analysis. The single‐ crystal X‐ ray structure of complex 2b coordinating also a triphenylphosphine was resolved. Some of these complexes showed an antiproliferative activity comparable to or better than that of cisplatin on two human ovarian cancer lines: A2780 (cisplatin‐ sensitive) and A2780cis (cisplatin‐ resistant). Moreover, for complexes 2 and 3 (coordinating one purine‐ based N‐ heterocyclic carbene ligand and one phosphine) the cytotoxicity is associated with an evident induction of apoptosis. Finally, complexes 3 , bearing one purine‐ based N‐ heterocyclic carbene ligand and one 1,3,5‐ triaza‐ 7‐ phosphaadamantane, proved practically inactive on non‐ tumour fibroblast cells (MRC‐ 5)

Real-world data on treatment outcomes in EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung cancer patients receiving osimertinib in second or further lines

Aims: This study describes real-world outcomes of pretreated EGFR T790M-positive (T790M+) advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients progressing after first- or second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors and receiving osimertinib, compared with T790M-negative (T790M-) patients. We have also described progression patterns and treatment sequences. Patients & methods: This is a retrospective multicenter Italian observational study including consecutive Caucasian patients referred between 2014 and 2018. Results: 167 patients were included. Median progression-free survival was 9.8 months (95% CI: 8.3-13.3) for T790M+ and 6.0 months (95% CI: 4.9-7.2) for T790M- patients, respectively. Median overall survival was 20.7 months (95% CI: 18.9-28.4) for T790M+ and 10.6 months (95% CI: 8.6-23.6) for T790M- patients, respectively. The T790M mutation correlated with absence of new sites of disease. After progression, most T790M+ patients continued osimertinib, whereas most T790M- patients received a different treatment line. Conclusion: Better outcomes were shown in patients receiving osimertinib. A more limited progression pattern for T790M+ was suggested

CPX-351 treatment in secondary acute myeloblastic leukemia is effective and improves the feasibility of allogeneic stem cell transplantation: results of the Italian compassionate use program

Secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) poorly responds to conventional treatments and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We evaluated toxicity and efficacy of CPX-351 in 71 elderly patients (median age 66 years) with sAML enrolled in the Italian Named (Compassionate) Use Program. Sixty days treatment-related mortality was 7% (5/71). The response rate at the end of treatment was: CR/CRi in 50/71 patients (70.4%), PR in 6/71 (8.5%), and NR in 10/71 (19.7%). After a median follow-up of 11 months relapse was observed in 10/50 patients (20%) and 12 months cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was 23.6%. Median duration of response was not reached. In competing risk analysis, CIR was reduced when HSCT was performed in first CR (12 months CIR of 5% and 37.4%, respectively, for patients receiving (=20) or not (=30) HSCT, p = 0.012). Twelve-months OS was 68.6% (median not reached). In landmark analysis, HSCT in CR1 was the only significant predictor of longer survival (12 months OS of 100 and 70.5%, for patients undergoing or not HSCT in CR1, respectively, p = 0.011). In conclusion, we extend to a real-life setting, the notion that CPX is an effective regimen for high risk AML patients and may improve the results of HSCT