Dialect classification in the Himalayas: a computational approach

Proceedings of the 18th Nordic Conference of Computational Linguistics NODALIDA 2011. Editors: Bolette Sandford Pedersen, Gunta Nešpore and Inguna Skadiņa. NEALT Proceedings Series, Vol. 11 (2011), 307-310. © 2011 The editors and contributors. Published by Northern European Association for Language Technology (NEALT) http://omilia.uio.no/nealt . Electronically published at Tartu University Library (Estonia) http://hdl.handle.net/10062/1695

Synchronic and Diachronic Aspects of Kanashi

Kanashi is a Sino-Tibetan language belonging to the West Himalayish subbranch of this language family. It is spoken by fewer than 2,000 individuals in one single village (Malana in Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh state, India). The book presents an overview of synchronic and diachronic aspects of Kanashi: its sound system, its grammar in outline, its intriguing numeral systems, and word lists (English-Kanashi, Kanashi-English)

Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of extended spectrum β-lactamase ESBL producing gram negative bacilli in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Bareilly, India

Background: The increasing prevalence of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria makes empirical treatment of these infections difficult. Resistance to a wide variety of common antimicrobials has made the proliferation of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing strains a serious global health concern that has complicated treatment strategies and is very alarming. This study was undertaken to identify ESBL production in various gram negative bacilli isolated and to further study the antibiogram of ESBL producers and their contribution towards anti-microbial resistance.Methods: A total of 2008 samples were taken and studied for positive bacterial growth. Presence of ESBL positivity was detected using Kirby-Bauer sensitivity testing method and their antibiogram was studied. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 20. Chi-square test was applied wherever applicable to check the significant difference among the different groups. p value of ≤0.05 was considered to be significant.Results: A total of 2008 samples were studied. Out of which 655 gave positive bacterial growth and amongst these 312 were ESBL producers. Resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics was observed among ESBL producers and mostly imipenem, colistin and polymyxin B were the antibiotics which were sensitive to most of the strains.Conclusions: The frequency of ESBL producing strains among clinical isolates has been steadily increasing. Advance drug resistance surveillance and development of newer antibiotics is necessary to guide the appropriate and judicious antibiotic use

Synchronic and Diachronic Aspects of Kanashi

Kanashi is a Sino-Tibetan language belonging to the West Himalayish subbranch of this language family. It is spoken by fewer than 2,000 individuals in one single village (Malana in Kullu district, Himachal Pradesh state, India). The book presents an overview of synchronic and diachronic aspects of Kanashi: its sound system, its grammar in outline, its intriguing numeral systems, and word lists (English-Kanashi, Kanashi-English)

Audit of caesarian deliveries in a tertiary care center, in rural Bangalore, India

Background: The Robson’s Ten-Group Classification System allows critical analysis of caesarean deliveries according to characteristics of pregnancy. The objective was to analyze caesarean section rates in a rural tertiary care teaching hospital in Bangalore, using Robson’s ten groups classification.Methods: This study was done in MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, a rural tertiary care teaching hospital. All patients who underwent caesarean delivery, between November 2017 and October 2018, were included in the study. Women were classified in 10 groups according to Robson’s classification. For each group, authors calculated its relative contribution to the overall caesarean rate.Results: The overall caesarean section rate was 46.7%. The main contributors to this high caesarean rate were primiparous women in spontaneous labour (group 1) and women with previous caesarean section (group 5).  52.1% of CS were conducted on women who were unbooked or booked at a peripheral health facility and referred to present institution due to complications in labor. Strategies to lower CS rates would include encouraging women with previous CS, to undergo trial of labor to reduce CS rates for group 5C. Sensitization of staff in peripheral medical facilities for early referral of high-risk pregnancies to a tertiary care center for better control of medical complications like hypertensive disorders of diabetes mellitus. Other strategies include offering external cephalic version to eligible women with breech presentation and consider offering vaginal breech delivery to suitable women in groups 6 and 7.Conclusions: The Robson’s classification is easy to use. It is time to implement obstetric audit to lower the overall CS rates

On Syntactic Convergence: The Case of the Verb 'say' in Tibeto-Burman

Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (1988), pp. 375-38

Correlation of serum Nesfatin 1 level with metabolic and clinical parameters in Indian women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome

Background: Objective of the study was to compare serum Nesfatin 1 levels in Indian women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and to evaluate the association of serum Nesfatin 1 with metabolic and clinical parameters. Methods: 40 PCOS and 40 age and body mass index (BMI) matched non PCOS controls were enrolled. Comparison of hormonal (serum Nesfatin 1, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin, testosterone, and estadiol) metabolic (blood pressure, fasting and post prandial blood glucose and insulin, HOMA-IR) and clinical (acne, acanthosis nigricans and hirsutism) parameters was done between two groups. Student’s t test, Mann Whitney test, Pearson’s correlation test was used. P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: There was a significant difference in levels of serum Nesfatin 1 in PCOS subjects and controls (8.6 ng/ml versus 0.75 ng/ml, p<0.01). Positive correlation was present between serum nesfatin 1 level and post prandial plasma glucose (r=0.009; p<0.009). A positive correlation was also present between serum Nesfatin 1 levels and AMH (r=0.512; p<0.01). No correlation was found between serum Nesfatin 1 and other endocrine, cardiovascular and metabolic parameters. Serum LH levels, LH/FSH ratio, post prandial plasma glucose and post prandial insulin were significantly higher (p<0.05) in PCOS subjects compared to controls. Conclusions: Nesfatin 1 levels were ten times higher in PCOS subjects compared to controls irrespective of age and BMI. A positive correlation was observed between serum Nesfatin 1 and post prandial plasma glucose levels which indicates Nesfatin 1 may be a reliable marker of PCOS suggesting energy homeostasis imbalance in these women

Evaluation of plant based natural coagulants for surface water treatment of Pratapgarh District Uttar Pradesh, India

The efficacy of three plant-based natural coagulants, namely papaya seed powder, banana peel powder, and lemon peel powder, was evaluated in this study for their ability to remove high electric conductivity turbidity, hardness, fluoride, and nitrate from surface water. The experiments were conducted at room temperature without any adjustment to the initial pH. The results indicated that banana peel powder exhibited the highest turbidity removal rate, achieving 55.6% removal when used at a dosage of 0.4 g/L. Furthermore, banana peel powder demonstrated excellent removal efficiency for fluoride and nitrate, with 85% removal observed at the same dosage. Lemon peel powder also exhibited significant effectiveness, achieving 60% removal. Papaya seed powder proved to be the most efficient coagulant for removing hardness, demonstrating a removal rate of 69.66%. The study further revealed a noteworthy linear relationship between the removal of turbidity and hardness, as evidenced by correlation coefficients (R2) ranging from 0.67 to 0.88. Similar linear relationships were observed for turbidity removals, with R2 values ranging from 0.68 to 0.8. An additional advantage of using these natural coagulants was that they did not cause any pH alteration in the treated surface water. Moreover, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of banana peels indicated the presence of functional groups such as carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, and aliphatic amines. These functional groups likely play a crucial role in facilitating coagulation and flocculation by neutralizing the charges of impurities in the water. This study suggests that inexpensive natural coagulants hold promise for surface water treatment, offering a viable alternative to conventional methods

Prediction of metabolic syndrome by visceral adiposity index, lipid accumulation product and model of adiposity index amongst infertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome

Background: This study was conducted to compare visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP) and model of adiposity index (MAOD) for prediction of metabolic syndrome (MS) amongst infertile women with and without PCOS. Methods: It was a case control, retrospective study performed in gynecology outpatient department of a tertiary care center. Total 143 infertile women with PCOS and 367 infertile women without PCOS were recruited in the study. Waist circumference (WC), BMI, waist hip ratio (WHR), insulin resistance, VAI, LAP, MOAD were assessed in both groups. Results: Significantly higher values of WC, WHR, systolic BP, insulin postprandial and all 3 adiposity indices were found among infertile women with PCOS as compared to women without PCOS. In hormonal profile, testosterone, AMH, FSH, prolactin, estradiol was found to be significantly higher in PCOS group. For predicting MS in PCOS women, VAI had the highest AUC 0.878 with a cut off value of 3.1, highest sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 90.7%, positive and negative predictive value of 76.2% and 96% respectively followed by LAP and MOAD. Conclusions: To conclude, all three adiposity indexes VAI, LAP and MOAD were significantly raised in PCOS women. VAI followed by LAP were the best indicators to predict metabolic syndrome in women with PCOS