OPTIMIZATION OF THE 3P KEYS KERNEL PARAMETERS BY MINIMIZING THE RIPPLE OF THE SPECTRAL CHARACTERISTIC

The ideal interpolation kernel is described by the sinc function, and its spectral characteristic is the box function. Due to the infinite length of the ideal kernel, it is not achievable. Therefore, convolutional interpolation kernels of finite length, which should better approximate the ideal kernel in a specified interval, are formed. The approximation function should have a small numerical complexity, so as to reduce the interpolation execution time. In the scientific literature, great attention is paid to the polynomial kernel of the third order. However, the time and spectral characteristic of the third-order polynomial kernels differs significantly from the shape of the ideal kernel. Therefore, the accuracy of cubic interpolation is lower. By optimizing the kernel parameters, it is possible to better approximate the ideal kernel. This will increase the accuracy of the interpolation. The first part of the paper describes a three-parameter (3P) Keys interpolation kernel, r. After that, the algorithm for optimizing the parameters of the 3P Keys kernel, is shown. First, the kernel is disassembled into components, and then, over each kernel component, Fourier transform is applied. In this way the spectral characteristic of the 3P Keys kernel, H, was determined. Then the spectral characteristic was developed in the Taylor series, HT. With the condition for the elimination of the members of the Taylor series, which greatly affect the ripple of the spectral characteristic, the optimal kernel parameters (αopt, βopt, gopt) were determined. The second part of the paper describes an experiment, in which the interpolation accuracy of the 3P Keys kernel, was tested. Parametric cubic convolution (PCC) interpolation, with the 3P kernel, was performed over the images from the Test database. The Test database is created with standard Test images, which are intensively used in Digital Image Processing. By analyzing the interpolation error, which is represented by the Mean Square Error, MSE, the accuracy of the interpolation was determined. The results (αopt, βopt, gopt, MSEmin) are presented on tables and graphs. Detailed comparative analysis showed higher interpolation accuracy with the proposed 3P Keys interpolation kernel, compared to the interpolation accuracy with, 1P Keys and 2P Keys interpolation kernels. Finally, the numerical values of the optimal kernel parameters, which are determined by the optimization algorithm proposed in this paper, were experimentally verified

Krijumčarenje kulturnih dobara: analiza slučaja iz prakse

Analiza slučaja krijumčarenja numizmatičke zbirke ukazala je na niz pogrešaka nadležnih tijela koje su u konačnici dovele do obustave kaznenog postupka i nekažnjavanja počinitelja. Uočeni propusti u vezi s privremenim oduzimanjem predmeta, neadekvatnim provjerama glede statusa kulturnog dobra, neprijavljivanjem sudionika i pogrešnom kvalifikacijom kaznenog djela, upućuju na potrebu za dodatnom edukacijom službenika carine, policije i državnog odvjetništva kako se slične pogreške ne bi ponavljale u budućnosti, posebice u složenijim slučajevima povezanim s organiziranim kriminalom

Prinos sorti krompira različitih grupa zrenja gajenih na tri lokacije i kvalitet krtola tokom skladištenja

Two-year field trials (2001-2002) were conducted with aim to investigate the effect of growing site and maturity group of ten potato cultivars on yielding and changing of tuber quality during long-term storage. The biggest number of tubers per plant and highest mean tuber weight were obtained in Čačak, what gave the highest yields in both seasons; the lowest values were obtained in Guča. Favourable soil characteristics had more important role than weather conditions on potato field performance. Early cultivars gave the smallest number of tubers per plant and highest mean tuber weight, while opposite to this was recorded in mid-late to late cultivars (ML-L). The share of tubers >55 mm was consistently high in early cultivars. ML-L maturity group gave the highest yields at all sites and the highest initial tubers dry matter (DM), >20% in 2001 and >21% in 2002, while it was lt 20% in early cultivars overall experiment. Constant increase in DM content and decrease in starch content in tubers DM was recorded after two-month and seven-month storage under conditions with ventilation system without control of humidity. The effect of site on tuber DM was significant at mid-early to mid-late (ME-ML) and ML-L in 2002, when it was the highest in tubers originated from Sombre; there was no effect on starch content. Presented study showed that high yields can be achieved by growing potato cultivars of different maturity groups and Čačak has been shown to be the site with good agro ecological conditions; ME-ML (with exemption of cv. Condor) and ML-L groups gave the highest yields of tubers with DM content sufficient for processing for French fry and chips.Dvogodišnja istraživanja (2001-2002) su izvođena sa ciljem da se prouči uticaj lokacija (Sombor, Čačak, Guča) na kojima je gajen krompir i grupe ranostasnosti deset sorti na prinos i promene kvaliteta krtola tokom višemesečnog skladištenja. Najveći broj krtola po biljci i najveća prosečna masa krtola zabeleženi su u Čačku, što je dalo i najviše prinose u obe godine istraživanja, dok su najmanje vrednosti zabeležene u Guči. Povoljne osobine zemljišta u Čačku imale su značajniju ulogu nego klimatski uslovi na porast i prinosnost krompira. Ranostasne sorte su dale najmanji broj krtola po biljci i najveću prosečnu masu krtola, dok su suprotni rezultati zabeleženi kod srednje-kasnih do kasnih sorti. Najveći udeo krtola kod kojih je najveća dužina >55 mm bio je konzistentno visok kod ranostasnih sorti. Na sve tri lokacije najveći prinos zabeležen je kod srednje-kasnih do kasnih sorti, kao i sadržaj suve materije (SM) na početku skladištenja (>20% u 2001, >21% u 2002), dok je kod ranostasnih bila lt 20% na nivou celog eksperimenta. Nakon dva i sedam meseci skladištenja sa ventilacijom i bez kontrolisane vlažnosti, zabeleženo je kontinuirano povećanje SM i smanjenje sadržaja skroba u suvoj materiji krtole. Uticaj lokacije na kojoj je gajen krompir bio je značajan 2002. godine, u okviru srednje-ranih do srednje-kasnih i srednje-kasnih do kasnih sorti, kada je najveći sadržaj SM zabeležen kod krtola biljaka gajenih u Somboru; uticaj na sadržaj skroba nije bio značajan. Razultati prikazanih istraživanja pokazali su da se gajenjem sorti sa različitom dužinom vegetacionog perioda na različitim lokacijama mogu postići visoki prinosi, a među njima Čačak ima agroekološke uslove koji najviše pogodiju proizvodnji krompira. Gajenjem srednje-ranih do srednje kasnih sorti (sa izuzetkom sorte Kondor) i srednje-kasnih do kasnih sorti postižu se najveći prinosi sa odgovarajućim sadržajem SM potrebnom za preradu u pomfrit i čips

Three-Parametric Cubic Interpolation for Estimating the Fundamental Frequency of the Speech Signal

In this paper, we propose a three-parametric convolution kernel which is based on the one-parameter Keys kernel. The first part of the paper describes the structure of the three-parameter convolution kernel. Then, a certain analytical expression for finding the position of the maximum of the reconstructed function is given. The second part presents an algorithm for estimating the fundamental frequency of the speech signal processing in the frequency domain using Picking Picks methods and parametric cubic convolution. Furthermore, the results of experiments give the estimated fundamental frequency of speech and sinusoidal signals in order to select the optimal values of the parameters of the proposed convolution kernel. The results of the fundamental frequency estimation according to the mean square error are given by tables and graphics. Consequently, it is used as a basis for a comparative analysis. The analysis derived the optimal parameters of the kernel and the window function that generates the least MSE. Results showed a higher efficiency in comparison to two or three-parameter convolution kernel

Proizvodnja i potrebe za predosnovnim sadnim materijalom krompira u Republici Srbiji i Republici Srpskoj

Pre-basic seed potato material is used for basic seed (elite) and certified seed potato production. At this moment all basic seed material is imported into Republic of Serbia and Republic of Srpska, despite the fact that the method of in vitro tissue culture production of virus-free seed potato has been developed in both countries and there is a continuous demand for pre-basic and basic seed potato. Current total production is significantly lower than actual requirements. In the 80s and 90s of the previous century two modern facilities for production of virus-free seed potato and certified seed were built in Sokolac (Republic of Srpska) and Guča (Republic of Serbia). Although facilities were well-equipped, seed potato production was permanently ceased in 2000. The presence of high infection pressure dominated by potato virus Y is shown in the Republic of Serbia and the Republic of Srpska. This paper gives an overview of pre-basic seed potato material production in both countries over the last two decades.Predosnovni sadni materijal su zdrave krtole koje služe za proizvodnju osnovnog sadnog materijala krompira (elita), a na bazi toga i certifikovanog sadnog materijala krompira. Iako u Republici Srbiji i Republici Srpskoj postoje stalne potrebe za pred-osnovnim i osnovnim semenskim krompirom, kao i dva centra za njegovu proizvodnju, osnovni sadni materijal (elita) se uvozi iz Holandije i drugih zemalja zapadne Evrope. Potrebe za pred-osnovnim odnosno osnovnim sadnim materijalom (elita) su znatno veće nego što je trenutna potrošnja. Osamdesetih i devedesetih godina prošlog veka osnovana su dva savremena centra u Sokolcu (Republika Srpska) i u Guči (Republika Srbija) sa ciljem proizvodnje pred-osnovnog semenskog krompira, odnosno elite i certifikovanog sadnog materijala. Iako su oba centra bila dobro opremljena, proizvodnja bezvirusnog krompira je trajno obustavljena. U radu je dat pregled dosadašnjih istraživanja o proizvodnji pred-osnovnog sadnog materijala krompira, uz pokušaj pronalaženja odgovora na pitanje zašto je proizvodnja u ovim zemljama ugašena

Histologija creva i promene u visini enterocita kod dužičaste pastrmke (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) gajene u kaveznom sistemu

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) was grown in cages (water reservoirs 'Bočac', Bosnia and Herzegovina) in two separate experiments for a period of 90 days (autumn - winter and spring - summer). Trout were fed six different feed formulations and studied their influence on rainbow trout intestine histology. Normal histological structure of this part of the digestive system was found. The results showed that with water temperature and feed quantity decrease, the height of enterocytes increases; while with increase of water temperature and amount of food given to the fish, the average height of enterocytes decreased.Dužičasta pastrmka (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1792) je gajena u kaveznom sistemu (akumulacija 'Bočac', Bosna i Hercegovina) u dva odvojena eksperimenta u trajanju od po 90 dana (ciklus jesen - zima i ciklus proleće - leto). Pastrmke su hranjene sa šest različitih hrana i proučavan je uticaj hrane na histologiju creva. U svim uzorcima nađena je normalna histološka slika ovog dela digestivnog sistema. Rezultati su pokazali da kada temperatura vode i količina hrane pada, visina enterocita se povećava, dok je u suprotnom slučaju, kada se temperatura vode i količina davane hrane povećava, prosečna visina enterocita opada

Uporaba internetskih izvora u profesionalnom razvoju odgajatelja

In the first part of the paper, the importance of preschool education in modern society is considered with regard to the principles of contemporary education, pointing to the need for the professional improvement of preschool teachers, so that they are capable of reaching the expected standards. The paper further focuses on the competences and developed reflections of preschool teachers, as well as on the need to create conditions for preschool teachers to shift from the analogue to the digital educational world through ICT trainings, which should lead to the use of adequate Internet sources. The empirical part deals with the answer to the question regarding the extent to which preschool teachers use electronic sources in their professional work as compared to conventional sources, their prior experience and the existing documentation. According to the main research findings, regardless of their gender, work experience or level of education, the preschool teachers use the Internet sources less than other conventional sources in order to improve the quality of their work. On the other hand, certain differences were found between them considering their prior work experience, i.e. subjects with less work experience use electronic sources to a greater extent than their more experienced colleagues. The final part of the paper provides some concluding remarks and implications of the conducted research.U prvom dijelu rada razmatra se važnost predškolskog obrazovanja u suvremenom društvu s obzirom na načela suvremenog obrazovanja te ukazuje na potrebu stručnog usavršavanja odgajatelja koji će biti sposobni dostići očekivane standarde. Rad se zatim bavi kompetencijama i razvijenom refleksijom odgajatelja, kao i nužnim stvaranjem uvjeta u kojima će se odgajatelji udaljiti od svijeta analognog i približiti svijetu digitalnog obrazovanja putem ICT usavršavanja, što će dovesti do uporabe odgovarajućih internetskih izvora. U empirijskom dijelu rada traži se odgovor na pitanje do koje se mjere u profesionalnom radu odgajatelji koriste elektroničkim izvorima u usporedbi s konvencionalnim izvorima informacija, njihovim prethodnim iskustvom i postojećim dokumentima. Prema glavnim istraživačkim rezultatima, bez obzira na rod, radno iskustvo ili obrazovnu razinu, odgajatelji se koriste internetskim izvorima manje nego konvencionalnim izvorima da bi unaprijedili kvalitetu rada. No, utvrđene su određene razlike među njima s obzirom na radno iskustvo, to jest ispitanici koji imaju kraće radno iskustvo više se koriste elektroničkim izvorima od svojih iskusnijih kolega. U završnom dijelu rada nude se zaključci i praktične implikacije provedenog istraživanja

Near Real-Time Detection Of Pipe Burst Events In Cascading District Metered Areas

A fully automated Event Recognition System (ERS) for the near real-time detection of pipe bursts and other network events such as boundary valve status changes and pressure management valve faults has been recently developed by the authors. This paper focuses on the further development of this system. The aim is to enhance the ERS approximate event location and alarm handling capabilities by developing and testing a new methodology that, in the case of cascading District Metered Areas (DMAs), automatically determines in which DMA an event occurred. The newly developed methodology makes use of a set of heuristic rules based on engineering knowledge, the Water Distribution System (WDS) schematic and the ERS outputs. The results of applying the new methodology to the historical pressure/flow data from several groups of cascading DMAs in the United Kingdom (UK) with real-life burst events are reported in this paper. The results obtained illustrate that the developed methodology not only enabled detecting the burst events occurred in a timely (i.e., within 30 minutes) and reliable (i.e., without any false alarm) manner but also allowed to always successfully determine in which DMA the event happened. The latter capability enables water companies to target the resources for the identification of the exact burst location to the greatest effect. Additionally, it enables reducing the potential of false alarms and the overall number of detection alarms, thereby facilitating interpretation of the ERS results

a two stage calibration for detection of leakage hotspots in a real water distribution network

Abstract The paper presents a two-stage approach for solving a calibration-based problem for the ultimate purpose of detecting leakage hotspots. This is compared with a one-stage approach. A Genetic Algorithm is used to solve optimization problems of searching for calibration parameters values, while minimizing the differences between observations and model predictions. The approach takes into account suspect valves with unknown status, as well as pipes with incorrect roughness values and nodal leakage. The methodology also takes advantage of a new approach to reducing solution search space size for the optimisation problems. These problems are then solved for different leakage scenarios. Artificial calibration data are generated by means of hydraulic modelling employed to mimic planned hydrant discharges during a low demand period, combined with step tests. The case study demonstrates the improved leakage detection and model calibration of the two-stage calibration approach relative to the one-stage approach, which considers all calibration parameters together. This can result in a useful practical network operation tool