Remote Methods of Conducting Transactions Using Digital Technologies

Objective: to substantiate the need to identify new contractual constructs (models) taking into account the specific relations associated with the use of remote method of contract conclusion through digital technologies and to study the possible risks for their participants.Methods: along with special legal methods, the method of critical analysis was fundamental for the research process, which allowed us to evaluate and interpret the main sources and norms of civil law in relation to distant transactions. It also allowed assessing the current state of legislation in this area in the context of developing processes of digitalization and technologization of civil-law relations.Results: a critical analysis of the current state of legal regulation of remote ways of concluding contracts is presented, their classification is given. It is concluded that the digital technologies development gives rise to new remote ways of transactions, as well as fills with new content the procedures of contract conclusion, traditional for civil law. The expediency of singling out the concept of a “distant transaction” as a legal category in order to create a special civil-law regime is substantiated, and the basic concept being that of a “distant contract”. Certain types of distant contracts are analyzed to substantiate the need for special legal regimes in cases when the distant method of contract conclusion is combined with the use of digital technologies. It poses such problems as the distribution of risks of technological failures, hacker attacks, compliance with the balance of interests of the parties taking into account information asymmetry, and the need to protect the weaker party.Scientific novelty: an attempt is made to define such concepts as a “distant contract” and a “distant transaction” and to identify their features. The expediency is substantiated of considering a distant contract as a separate legal construction (model) of the contract. Within this framework, a special legal regime should be developed and fixed, which can be extended to unilateral distant transactions. The problems of legal regulation caused by the use of information technologies are formulated, and legal constructions for their solution are proposed.Practical significance: the final conclusions and proposals can be used both in contractual practice by the participants of civil turnover and for the normative consolidation of the concept and features of “distant contract”, “distant transaction”. A special legal regime can be created, taking into account the specificity generated by the use of digital technologies

A ESTRUTURA DAS QUESTÕES DE APRENDIZAGEM PARA FINS DE CRESCIMENTO DE META-COMPETÊNCIAS COGNITIVAS DOS ALUNOS

In the article, based on the meta -competence and institutional-culturological approaches developed in the school of general methodology of conceptual constructs of system-thought-activity modeling, the goal is to develop technological solutions for the formation of students ' cognitive meta -competences. In educational activities, a hierarchy of educational processes is defined: the main one is the creation of educational texts by students, the auxiliary one is work with literature, the service one is classroom activity. Based on the structure of educational processes, three roles of a teacher are defined: an assistant in mastering a professional language, a source of professional opinion, and a model of professional ethics. The role of classroom taking notes and asking the teacher of educational questions in the formation of cognitive meta-competences is shown. The differences between educational and non-educational questions and the structure of educational questions are given: for understanding, task, problematic, systemic and causal. The proposed technology of educational activity allows it to be applied in the formation of students' cognitive metacompetences, in the design and evaluation of educational literature, the creation of intelligent systems for the design of educational activities and the assessment of students' cognitive metacompetences.In the article, based on the meta -competence and institutional-culturological approaches developed in the school of general methodology of conceptual constructs of system-thought-activity modeling, the goal is to develop technological solutions for the formation of students ' cognitive meta -competences. In educational activities, a hierarchy of educational processes is defined: the main one is the creation of educational texts by students, the auxiliary one is work with literature, the service one is classroom activity. Based on the structure of educational processes, three roles of a teacher are defined: an assistant in mastering a professional language, a source of professional opinion, and a model of professional ethics. The role of classroom taking notes and asking the teacher of educational questions in the formation of cognitive meta-competences is shown. The differences between educational and non-educational questions and the structure of educational questions are given: for understanding, task, problematic, systemic and causal. The proposed technology of educational activity allows it to be applied in the formation of students' cognitive metacompetences, in the design and evaluation of educational literature, the creation of intelligent systems for the design of educational activities and the assessment of students' cognitive metacompetences

Implementing a Network Project for Pedagogical Workers Within the Framework of Continuing Education: A Case Study From Russia

The article presents the experience of Kursk State University and the department of education pedagogy of the International Children Center “Artek” for the implementation of a network project aimed at programs of continuing professional education of employees of Artek, including pedagogical workers. The authors present the result of providing a network project to implement additional professional programs for a new generation. The research aims at identifying new opportunities for everyone while implementing a network project for training pedagogical workers at Artek. The paper presents the experience of implementing continuing professional education programs at Artek when implementing a network project covering various training areas. All implemented programs are characterized by newness and modern approaches in educational practice. The research is based on the system-activity and personality-oriented approaches, the theory and methodology of vocational education. As a result of the study, the quality of the training program improved, and highly qualified specialists worked on implementing this project. Moreover, the massive coverage of students allowed them to improve their qualification level of education

Discussions about US Entry into World War I in American Society (1914—1917)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the public opinion of the United States of America regarding the participation of the American state in the First World War, which in Western historiography is referred to as the “Great War”. Based on a wide range of English-language sources (American press, posters, speeches by politicians, representatives of the church, public associations), the authors concluded that the American society ambiguously assessed the fact of the participation of the United States of America in the military conflict. One group of American citizens advocated intervention in the war to prevent relentless German submarine action and to determine the participation and role of the American state in making peace. Another group of the American population believed that the entry of the United States of America into a military conflict would facilitate the penetration of a militarized culture into the country, which would threaten American values. The proposed study may be of interest and be useful for rethinking the experience of interaction between the state and society in the process of solving the most important tasks, as well as for revealing certain issues of public reaction to the problems of the state during wartime

The study of mechanical properties of rocks of graphite deposit

В работе приведены результаты исследования разрушающего напряжения при одноосном сжатии и на растяжение, модуля упругости и коэффициента Пуассона, модуля сдвига для графита и вмещающих пород. Полученные результаты позволяют выбрать размеры камер при переходе к подземной разработке месторождения с применением камерной системы с закладкой выработанного пространства хвостами обогащения.The work deals with the results of the study of destructive strength under axial compression and tensile strength, elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, shear modulus for graphite and enclosing rocks. The obtained results allow to choose the dimensions of the cameras during the transition to underground mining of Deposit with application of a camera system with a mined-out space tails of enrichment

Role of business administration in the process of formation of post-industrial economy

The purpose of the article is to determine the role of business administration in the process of formation of post-industrial economy. The research is based on statistical analysis of time rows. With the help of the method of correlation and regression analysis, the author distinguishes the role of entrepreneurship in the process of formation of post-industrial economy through analysis of dependence between the level of development of business and level of development of post-industrial economy in the countries of the world. For provision of representation of the data, the objects of the research are countries from various geographical and socio-economic regions of the world: Sweden, the USA, Russia, China, and India. The author determined the role of business administration in formation of the foundations of post-industrial economy and offered the corresponding model that allows for maximization of business administration’s contribution into the process of formation of post-industrial economy.peer-reviewe

Крым в акварелях московского художника Д.М. Струкова

The article describes the versatile personality of D.M. Strukov - the artist, architect, archaeologist, restorer, teacher. There are briefly presented the main milestones of his biography. Special attention is paid to the work of Strukov in the Crimea and to his watercolors "Drawings of the historical monuments of Christianity in Taurida", created in the process of archaeological research in 1867-1892. The author gives the general characteristics and description of the works devoted to ancient temples, in particular to cave cities (Inkerman, Tepe-Kermen, Mangup-Kale and others) and to gravestone monuments.Рассказывается о многогранной личности Д.М. Струкова - художника, архитектора, археолога, реставратора, педагога. Кратко рассмотрены основные вехи его биографии. Особое внимание уделено работе Струкова в Крыму и его акварелям «Рисунки древних памятников христианства в Тавриде», созданным в процессе археологических изысканий в 1867-1892 годах. Автор дает общую характеристику и описание работ, посвященных древним храмам, в частности пещерным городам (Инкерман, Тепе-Кермен, Мангуп-Кале и др.), надгробным памятникам