Einfluss eines Rosa damascena Hydrosols auf die Hautflora (Kontaktkultur) nach Einreiben in die Hände

Aim and Introduction: Rosa damascena is one of the most well-known species of the Rosaceae family and is widely used in the food and perfume industry. Rose hydrosol is a product which is produced by distillation of rose petals. There is very little research about the antimicrobial effect of rose hydrosol. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antibacterial effect of Rosa damascena hydrosol in vivo . Method: 45 adult volunteers who were not healthcare workers were included in this study. Exclusion criteria included existing skin disorders or lacerations, pregnancy, presence of nail polish, recent handwashing or use of antiseptic lotion/soap in the last week, and antibiotic use in the last 3 months. At baseline, each subject was asked to rub the fingertips of the dominant hand on a sheep-blood agar plate. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups: one group rubbed their hands with 3 mL of alcohol-based hand antiseptic and the other group with 3 mL of rose hydrosol. Following sample collection, the subjects were asked to rub their hands according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) "How to Hand Rub" technique. After the hand-rubbing sequence, the hands were allowed to air-dry and fingertip sampling was performed. Culture plates were evaluated by a microbiologist blinded to group assignment. Rose hydrosol was analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Results: The main components of rose hydrosol are phenyl ethyl alcohol, beta-citronellol and geraniol. Of the total of 45 participants, 23 were included in rose hydrosol group and 22 in the alcohol-based hand-rub group. The colony counts decreased significantly in the alcohol-based solution group after hand-rubbing, whereas there was no significant reduction in the rose hydrosol group. Conclusion: A number of studies have shown good antimicrobial activity in rose products, especially in rose oil, but we found no antibacterial effect of rose hydrosol after hand-rubbing. However, it must be borne in mind that the amount and types of rose hydrosol components are highly influenced by the given agro-meteorological conditions and technological production methods.Zielsetzung: Rosa Damascena ist eine der berühmtesten Arten der Familie der Rosaceae und wird in breitem Umfang in der Lebensmittel- und Parfümindustrie genutzt. Rosenhydrosol ist ein Produkt, das durch Destillation von Rosenblütenblättern hergestellt wird. Es gibt nur wenige Untersuchungen zur antimikrobiellen Wirkung von Rosenhydrosol. Daher sollte die antibakterielle Wirkung von Rosa damascena Hydrosol in vivo untersucht werden.Methode: 45 freiwillige Erwachsene, die nicht im Gesundheitswesen tätig sind, wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen. Ausschlusskriterien waren bestehende Hauterkrankung oder Hautverletzung, Schwangerschaft, Nagellack, vor kurzem durchgeführte Händewaschung, Benutzung antiseptischer Lotion/Seife in der letzten Woche und die Einnahme von Antibiotika in den letzten 3 Monaten. Zu Versuchsbeginn wurde jeder Proband gebeten, die Fingerspitzen der dominanten Hand auf der Schafblutagar aufzudrücken. Die Versuchspersonen wurden randomisiert zwei Gruppen zugeordnet. Eine Gruppe rieb 3 ml eines alkoholbasierten Händedesinfektionsmittels, die andere Gruppe 3 ml Rosenhydrosol gemäß der WHO-Empfehlung "How to Hand Rub" ein. Nach dem Einreiben wurden die Hände an der Luft an der Luft getrocknet und erneut Proben von den Fingerspitzen entnommen. Die Anzahl KbE wurden von einem Mikrobiologen verblindet ausgewertet. Das Rosenhydrosol wurde mittels Gaschromatographie/Massenspektrometrie analysiert.Ergebnisse: Die Hauptbestandteile von Rosenhydrosol waren Phenylethylalkohol, Beta-Citronellol und Geraniol. Von den 45 Teilnehmern wurden 23 in die Rosenhydrosol-Gruppe und 22 in die Gruppe der alkoholbasierten Handeinreibungen aufgenommen. Die Koloniezahlen nahmen nach Händedesinfektion signifikant ab, während es in der Gruppe mit Rosenhydrosol keine signifikante Reduktion gab.Schlussfolgerung: Einige Studien haben eine gute antimikrobielle Aktivität in Rosenprodukten und speziell in Rosenöl gezeigt. Bei Einreiben in die Hand konnten wir keine antibakterielle Wirkung von Rosenhydrosol nachweisen. Es ist jedoch zu berücksichtigen, dass die Menge und die Art der Rosenhydrosol-Komponenten stark von den jeweiligen agro-meteorologischen Bedingungen und den technologischen Produktionsmethoden beeinflusst werden

A case of fluoxetine-induced syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

Background A 58-year-old schizophrenic male who had been drinking at least 4-51 of pure water every day for 30 years was admitted to a hospital with complaints of nausea, fatigue, and irregular, fluctuating fevers (up to 39 degrees C). He had previously been prescribed fluoxetine at a dose of 20 mg/day and had been using the drug for 28 days

36-month clinical outcomes of patients with venous thromboembolism: GARFIELD-VTE

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), encompassing both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Methods: GARFIELD-VTE is a prospective, non-interventional observational study of real-world treatment practices. We aimed to capture the 36-month clinical outcomes of 10,679 patients with objectively confirmed VTE enrolled between May 2014 and January 2017 from 415 sites in 28 countries.Findings: A total of 6582 (61.6 %) patients had DVT alone, 4097 (38.4 %) had PE +/- DVT. At baseline, 98.1 % of patients received anticoagulation (AC) with or without other modalities of therapy. The proportion of patients on AC therapy decreased over time: 87.6 % at 3 months, 73.0 % at 6 months, 54.2 % at 12 months and 42.0 % at 36 months. At 12-months follow-up, the incidences (95 % confidence interval [CI]) of all-cause mortality, recurrent VTE and major bleeding were 6.5 (7.0-8.1), 5.4 (4.9-5.9) and 2.7 (2.4-3.0) per 100 person-years, respectively. At 36-months, these decreased to 4.4 (4.2-4.7), 3.5 (3.2-2.7) and 1.4 (1.3-1.6) per 100 person-years, respectively. Over 36-months, the rate of all-cause mortality and major bleeds were highest in patients treated with parenteral therapy (PAR) versus oral anti-coagulants (OAC) and no OAC, and the rate of recurrent VTE was highest in patients on no OAC versus those on PAR and OAC. The most frequent cause of death after 36-month follow-up was cancer (n = 565, 48.6 %), followed by cardiac (n = 94, 8.1 %), and VTE (n = 38, 3.2 %). Most recurrent VTE events were DVT alone (n = 564, 63.3 %), with the remainder PE, (n = 236, 27.3 %), or PE in combination with DVT (n = 63, 7.3 %).Interpretation: GARFIELD-VTE provides a global perspective of anticoagulation patterns and highlights the accumulation of events within the first 12 months after diagnosis. These findings may help identify treatment gaps for subsequent interventions to improve patient outcomes in this patient population