234 research outputs found
The click-evoked oto-acoustic emission, c-EOAE, in preterm-born infants in the post conceptional age range between 30 and 68 weeks
Click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (cEOAEs) were repeatedly recorded in an operational sample of 144 very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. A subgroup of 22 was composed of all those babies in which at least 4 recordings were successfully done. The mean birth weight of this group was 1040 g, and the mean duration of assisted ventilation was 17 days. The OAE-recordings were done in the post conceptional age (PCA) range between 30 and 68 weeks. In relation to ear function screening it was shown that the EOAE was present in 95% of the ears at least once at any age, while it was present in all recordings in only 34%. From a longitudinal analysis of the recordings per infant it appeared that: (1) the OAE recorded was already present in one infant at the PCA of 29.4 weeks; (2) in most infants the level of the OAE varies strongly between recordings; (3) in each infant the OAE-level shows an increase with age, on average this growth amounts to 10 dB between the PC As of 31 and 42 weeks; (4) there is no clearcut difference in the growth of high- and low-frequency components of the EOAE
Turning to God in the Face of Ostracism: Effects of Social Exclusion on Religiousness
The present research proposes that individuals who are socially excluded can turn to religion to cope with the experience. Empirical studies conducted to test this hypothesis consistently found that socially excluded persons reported (a) significantly higher levels of religious affiliation (Studies 1, 2, and 4) and (b) stronger intentions to engage in religious behaviors (Study 2) than comparable, nonexcluded individuals. Direct support for the stress-buffering function of religiousness was also found, with a religious prime reducing the aggression-eliciting effects of consequent social rejection (Study 5). These effects were observed in both Christian and Muslim samples, revealing that turning to religion can be a powerful coping response when dealing with social rejection. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed
Ultracold molecules for quantum simulation: rotational coherence in CaF and RbCs
Polar molecules offer a new platform for quantum simulation of systems with long-range interactions, based on the electrostatic interaction between their electric dipole moments. Here, we report the development of coherent quantum state control using microwave fields in CaF and RbCs molecules, a crucial ingredient for many quantum simulation applications. We perform Ramsey interferometry measurements with fringe spacings of and investigate the dephasing time of a superposition of and rotational states when the molecules are confined. For both molecules, we show that a judicious choice of molecular hyperfine states minimises the impact of spatially varying transition-frequency shifts across the trap. For magnetically trapped CaF we use a magnetically insensitive transition and observe a coherence time of 0.61(3)~ms. For optically trapped RbCs we exploit an avoided crossing in the AC Stark shifts and observe a maximum coherence time of 0.75(6)~ms
Three-Nucleon Force Effects in Nucleon Induced Deuteron Breakup: Predictions of Current Models (I)
An extensive study of three-nucleon force effects in the entire phase space
of the nucleon-deuteron breakup process, for energies from above the deuteron
breakup threshold up to 200 MeV, has been performed. 3N Faddeev equations have
been solved rigorously using the modern high precision nucleon-nucleon
potentials AV18, CD Bonn, Nijm I, II and Nijm 93, and also adding 3N forces. We
compare predictions for cross sections and various polarization observables
when NN forces are used alone or when the two pion-exchange Tucson-Melbourne
3NF was combined with each of them. In addition AV18 was combined with the
Urbana IX 3NF and CD Bonn with the TM' 3NF, which is a modified version of the
TM 3NF, more consistent with chiral symmetry. Large but generally model
dependent 3NF effects have been found in certain breakup configurations,
especially at the higher energies, both for cross sections and spin
observables. These results demonstrate the usefulness of the kinematically
complete breakup reaction in testing the proper structure of 3N forces.Comment: 42 pages, 20 ps figures, 2 gif figure
Nucleon-deuteron elastic scattering as a tool to probe properties of three-nucleon forces
Faddeev equations for elastic Nd scattering have been solved using modern NN
forces combined with the Tucson-Melbourne two-pion exchange three-nucleon
force, with a modification thereof closer to chiral symmetry and the Urbana IX
three-nucleon force. Theoretical predictions for the differential cross section
and several spin observables using NN forces only and NN forces combined with
three-nucleon force models are compared to each other and to the existing data.
A wide range of energies from 3 to 200 MeV is covered. Especially at the higher
energies striking three-nucleon force effects are found, some of which are
supported by the still rare set of data, some are in conflict with data and
thus very likely point to defects in those three-nucleon force models.Comment: 30 pages, 14 Postscript figures; now minor changes in figures and
reference
The alpha-particle based on modern nuclear forces
The Faddeev-Yakubovsky equations for the alpha-particle are solved. Accurate
results are obtained for several modern NN interaction models, which include
charge-symmetry breaking effects in the NN force, nucleon mass dependences as
well as the Coulomb interaction. These models are augmented by three-nucleon
forces of different types and adjusted to the 3N binding energy. Our results
are close to the experimental binding energy with a slight overbinding. Thus
there is only little room left for the contribution of possible 4N interactions
to the alpha-particle binding energy. We also discuss model dependences of the
binding energies and the wave functions.Comment: 22 pages REVTeX 4, 12 figures, table with TM parameters added, typos
corrected, version as published in PR
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