Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment with Deep Transfer Learning Approach using CWT based Scalogram Images

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a condition that can occur as a person gets older, and faces problems like recognition, memory, and language skills. Early detection of MCI is crucial, as it can progress to more severe conditions like Alzheimer's disease. This study proposes a method to use Scalogram images, obtained by applying Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT) to EEG signals and pre-trained models like ResNet50, VGG16, InceptionV3, Inception_ResNetV2 through transfer learning to classify MCI and Healthy Control (HC). Fine-tuning of the models is also used to improve the results, and various performance metrics are employed for classification. The study concludes that Inception_ResNetV2 transfer learning yielded good results, while ResNet50 and InceptionV3 transfer learning with fine-tuning resulted in higher accuracy using a low learning rate

Studi Karakteristik Biolistrik Membran Telur Bebek Sebagai Bahan Dielektrik

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik biolistrik yang ada pada membran telur bebek meliputi nilai kapasitansi, impedansi dan konstanta dielektrik membran dengan perlakuan perendaman membran pada konsentrasi larutan elektrolit yang berbeda. Pengukuran nilai biolistrik membran dilakukan dengan metode dielektrik pada rangkaian plat kapasitor sejajar yang ditengahnya disisipkan membran telur bebek sebagai bahan dielektrik kemudian dihubungkan pada LCR meter GW-instek seri 816. Frekuensi yang digunakan adalah frekuensi rendah berkisar antara 100 Hz – 2000 Hz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar frekuensi yang diberikan maka nilai kapasitansi, impedansi dan konstanta dielektrik membran telur bebek semakin rendah. Perendaman membran pada larutan elektrolit mempengaruhi karakteristik biolistrik membran. Semakin besar konsentrasi yang diberikan nilai kapasitansi dan konstanta dielektrik membran meningkat dan nilai impedansinya menurun. Dari nilai konstanta dielektrik yang dihasilkan dapat disimpulkan bahwa membran telur bebek dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif bahan dielektrik karena memiliki konstanta dielektrik yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan konstanta dielektrik udara

Studi Pengukuran Konstanta Dielektrik Minyak Goreng Curah Dengan Menggunakan Metode Dielektrik

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang studi pengukuran konstanta dielektrik minyak goreng curah dengan menggunakan metode dielektrik. Pengukuran konstanta dielektrik dilakukan pada minyak goreng curah dengan persentase 100%. Pengukuran konstanta dielektrik dilakukan pada frekuensi 100 Hz hingga 2000 Hz dengan rentang 50 Hz. Pengukuran dilakukan dengan menggunakan plat kapasitor dari lempengan tembaga dengan ukuran 20×10 mm2 dengan jarak 5 mm. Bahan dielektrik berupa lemak diletakkan pada bagian tengah plat kapasitor dan dihubungkan dengan LCR meter GW-instek seri 816. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai konstanta dielektrik minyak goreng curah mengalami penurunan seiring dengan bertambahnya frekuensi yang diberikan

Aggressiveness of Ralstonia solanacearum isolates on Tomato

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is the world’s most economically important destructive disease of crop plants. Fifty seven isolates of R. solanacearum causing wilt on different host plants were collected from different agro climatic zones of India of which 54 isolates were confirmed as race-1, biovar-3 and 3 isolates as race-1, biovar-3B based on morphological, physiological, biochemical and pathogenicity studies. All the isolates were authenticated as Ralstonia solanacearum by using two sets of primers (OLI1 & Y2 and Y1 & Y2). Serological identity of the isolates was done by using diagnostic kit obtained from International Potato Research Center, Lima, Peru and single chain variable fragment antibody specific to Ralstonia solanacearum. Fifty seven isolates of R. solanacearum were inoculated on tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L) cv. Avinash-II under artificial conditions at bacterial concentration of 5x108 cfu/ml to test its aggressiveness; the results obtained are discussed in this paper

Potensi Tanaman Genjer (Limnocharis Flava) Untuk Mengurangi Kadar Logam Berat (Pb Dan Cu) Serta Radionuklida Dengan Metode Fitoremediasi

Genjer merupakan salah satu tanaman yang sering dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Tanaman ini merupakan tanaman gulma yang hidup diperairan rawa. Sekarang ini pencemaran air banyak terjadi dimana-mana, baik disebabkan oleh logam berat maupun radionuklida. Salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk memulihkan lingkungan tercemar yaitu menggunakan metode fitoremediasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa efektifkah tanaman genjer dalam menyerap limbah logam berat dan radionuklida. Pengujian konsentrasi logam berat dilakukan menggunakan alat AAS (Atomic Adsorption Spectrofotometer ), serta persentase unsur dalam tanaman diukur menggunakan XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence), dan kandungan radionuklida diukur menggunakan detektor Geiger Muller. Limbah yang digunakan untuk penelitian adalah limbah buatan, dimana untuk uji logam digunakan campuran air sumur dengan Pb(NO3)2 dan CuSO4.5(H2O) dengan konsentrasi 5 ppm, sedangkan limbah buatan uji radionuklida digunakan pupuk NPK Phonska mutiara. Dari hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa tanaman genjer mampu mengakumulasi logam berat dan radionuklida. Presentase massa unsur pada tanaman genjer yaitu unsur kalium sebesar 41,7%. Dari hasil pengukuran ini diasumsikan bahwa radionuklida yang berada ditanaman adalah radionuklida kalium-40 dan besar aktivitas yang didapatkan yaitu sebesar 1,117 nCi

Consistent Directions of Effect for Established Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variants Across Populations: The Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Consortium

Common genetic risk variants for type 2 diabetes (T2D) have primarily been identified in populations of European and Asian ancestry. We tested whether the direction of association with 20 T2D risk variants generalizes across six major racial/ethnic groups in the U.S. as part of the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology Consortium (16,235 diabetes case and 46,122 control subjects of European American, African American, Hispanic, East Asian, American Indian, and Native Hawaiian ancestry). The percentage of positive (odds ratio [OR] >1 for putative risk allele) associations ranged from 69% in American Indians to 100% in European Americans. Of the nine variants where we observed significant heterogeneity of effect by racial/ethnic group (Pheterogeneity 1) in at least five groups. The marked directional consistency of association observed for most genetic variants across populations implies a shared functional common variant in each region. Fine-mapping of all loci will be required to reveal markers of risk that are important within and across populations

Genetic variants associated with fasting glucose and insulin concentrations in an ethnically diverse population: results from the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study

Background: Multiple genome-wide association studies (GWAS) within European populations have implicated common genetic variants associated with insulin and glucose concentrations. In contrast, few studies have been conducted within minority groups, which carry the highest burden of impaired glucose homeostasis and type 2 diabetes in the U.S. Methods: As part of the 'Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Consortium, we investigated the association of up to 10 GWAS-identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 8 genetic regions with glucose or insulin concentrations in up to 36,579 non-diabetic subjects including 23,323 European Americans (EA) and 7,526 African Americans (AA), 3,140 Hispanics, 1,779 American Indians (AI), and 811 Asians. We estimated the association between each SNP and fasting glucose or log-transformed fasting insulin, followed by meta-analysis to combine results across PAGE sites. Results: Overall, our results show that 9/9 GWAS SNPs are associated with glucose in EA (p = 0.04 to 9 × 10-15), versus 3/9 in AA (p= 0.03 to 6 × 10-5), 3/4 SNPs in Hispanics, 2/4 SNPs in AI, and 1/2 SNPs in Asians. For insulin we observed a significant association with rs780094/GCKR in EA, Hispanics and AI only. Conclusions: Generalization of results across multiple racial/ethnic groups helps confirm the relevance of some of these loci for glucose and insulin metabolism. Lack of association in non-EA groups may be due to insufficient power, or to unique patterns of linkage disequilibrium

Meta-analysis across Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium provides evidence for an association of serum vitamin D with pulmonary function

The role that vitamin D plays in pulmonary function remains uncertain. Epidemiological studies reported mixed findings for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)-pulmonary function association. We conducted the largest cross-sectional meta-analysis of the 25(OH)D-pulmonary function association to date, based on nine European ancestry (EA) cohorts (n 22 838) and five African ancestry (AA) cohorts (n 4290) in the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology Consortium. Data were analysed using linear models by cohort and ancestry. Effect modification by smoking status (current/former/never) was tested. Results were combined using fixed-effects meta-analysis. Mean serum 25(OH)D was 68 (SD 29) nmol/l for EA and 49 (SD 21) nmol/l for AA. For each 1 nmol/l higher 25(OH)D, forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (FEV1) was higher by 1.1 ml in EA (95 % CI 0.9, 1.3; P< 0.0001) and 1.8 ml (95 % CI 1.1, 2.5; P< 0.0001) in AA (P-race (difference) = 0.06), and forced vital capacity (FVC) was higher by 1.3 ml in EA (95 % CI 1.0, 1.6; P <0.0001) and 1.5 ml (95 % CI 0.8, 2.3; P= 0.0001) in AA (P-race difference = 0.56). Among EA, the 25(OH)D-FVC association was stronger in smokers: per 1 nmol/l higher 25(OH) D, FVC was higher by 1.7 ml (95 % CI 1.1, 2.3) for current smokers and 1.7 ml (95 % CI 1.2, 2.1) for former smokers, compared with 0.8 ml (95 % CI 0.4, 1.2) for never smokers. In summary, the 25(OH)D associations with FEV1 and FVC were positive in both ancestries. In EA, a stronger association was observed for smokers compared with never smokers, which supports the importance of vitamin D in vulnerable populations