A corpus-based study of word-formation creativity in Facebook Philippine English

This paper is a study of English as a second language (ESL) teachers’ and students’ newly coined Facebook (FB) lexical items and expressions. It presents sample FB Philippine English (PhilE) words found in ESL teachers’ and students’ FB posts and messages and the formation mechanisms evident in the lexical items. The lexical items are culled from the researchers-built 50,000-word corpus of FB and FB Messenger conversations posted and sent by the mentioned texts’ contributors from the last quarter of 2016 to 2022. The PhilE neologisms are identified from their surrounding English lexical items and analyzed based on a proposed framework for PhilE word-formation processes, and ESL Englishes well-motivated innovations and criteria in standardizing its usages. Data analysis reveals over a hundred PhilE lexical items that are coined through the analytical frameworks used with the present paper’s additional proposed processes for FB lexical formation, hypocoristic extension, and anagrammatic transposition or backward spelling. The lexical items, in general, are colloquial, marking the informality of the FB PhilE register, although written in English. In terms of lexicon, it is advanced that FB English in the country is a variety of Internet PhilE, which should be taught in Sociolinguistics and ESL classrooms

COGNITIVE MODELS AND LITERARY COMPETENCE OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

This descriptive-correlation study examined the relationship of the public junior high school students’ perception on the relevance of cognitive models in studying literature to their literary competence. Utilizing a questionnaire and a literary competence test in gathering data, the results revealed that the 251 respondents deemed that cultural model as relevant for this model prepare them to be multi-culturally literate individuals. They also found that the vicarious experiences gained from studying literature enabled them to make personal connection with literary texts especially on the universality of human existence that afforded them to perceive personal growth model as relevant. Also, the respondents perceived language model as relevant as it provided opportunity to hone their receptive communication skills. Despite the positive perception of the respondents on the relevance of cognitive models in studying literature, the results of the administered literary competence test revealed low performance as the respondents were categorized to have Beginning to Developing levels of proficiency in literary competence along its four dimensions which was affirmed by the non-significant result when the two variables were correlated for relationship. This study calls for an intervention program to hone the literary competence of the junior high school students

Fracture healing following high energy tibial trauma: Ilizarov versus Taylor Spatial Frame

Introduction: The optimal treatment of high energy tibial fractures remains controversial and a challenging orthopaedic problem. The role of external fi xators for all these tibial fractures has been shown to be crucial. Methods: A fi ve-year consecutive series was reviewed retrospectively, identifying two treatment groups: Ilizarov and Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF; Smith & Nephew, Memphis, TN, US). Fracture healing time was the primary outcome measure. Results: A total of 112 patients (85 Ilizarov, 37 TSF) were identifi ed for the review with a mean age of 45 years. This was higher in women (57 years) than in men (41 years). There was no signifi cant difference between frame types (p=0.83). The median healing time was 163 days in both groups. There was no signifi cant difference in healing time between smokers and non-smokers (180 vs 165 days respectively, p=0.07), open or closed fractures (p=0.13) or age and healing time (Spearman's r=0.12, p=0.18). There was no incidence of non-union or re-fracture following frame removal in either group. Conclusions: Despite the assumption of the rigid construct of the TSF, the median time to union was similar to that of the Ilizarov frame and the TSF therefore can play a signifi cant role in complex tibial fractures

Global nitrous oxide production determined by oxygen sensitivity of nitrification and denitrification

The ocean is estimated to contribute up to ~20% of global fluxes of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse gas and ozone depletion agent. Marine oxygen minimum zones contribute disproportionately to this flux. To further understand the partition of nitrification and denitrification and their environmental controls on marine N2O fluxes, we report new relationships between oxygen concentration and rates of N2O production from nitrification and denitrification directly measured with 15N tracers in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Highest N2O production rates occurred near the oxic‐anoxic interface, where there is strong potential for N2O efflux to the atmosphere. The dominant N2O source in oxygen minimum zones was nitrate reduction, the rates of which were 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of ammonium oxidation. The presence of oxygen significantly inhibited the production of N2O from both nitrification and denitrification. These experimental data provide new constraints to a multicomponent global ocean biogeochemical model, which yielded annual oceanic N2O efflux of 1.7–4.4 Tg‐N (median 2.8 Tg‐N, 1 Tg = 1012 g), with denitrification contributing 20% to the oceanic flux. Thus, denitrification should be viewed as a net N2O production pathway in the marine environment

Song pattern recognition in crickets based on a delay-line and coincidence-detector mechanism

Acoustic communication requires filter mechanisms to process and recognize key features of the perceived signals. We analysed such a filter mechanism in field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus), which communicate with species-specific repetitive patterns of sound pulses and chirps. A delay-line and coincidence-detection mechanism, in which each sound pulse has an impact on the processing of the following pulse, is implicated to underlie the recognition of the species-specific pulse pattern. Based on this concept, we hypothesized that altering the duration of a single pulse or inter-pulse interval in three-pulse chirps will lead to different behavioural responses. Phonotaxis was tested in female crickets walking on a trackball exposed to different sound paradigms. Changing the duration of either the first, second or third pulse of the chirps led to three different characteristic tuning curves. Long first pulses decreased the phonotactic response whereas phonotaxis remained strong when the third pulse was long. Chirps with three pulses of increasing duration of 5, 20 and 50 ms elicited phonotaxis, but the chirps were not attractive when played in reverse order. This demonstrates specific, pulse duration-dependent effects while sequences of pulses are processed. The data are in agreement with a mechanism in which processing of a sound pulse has an effect on the processing of the subsequent pulse, as outlined in the flow of activity in a delay-line and coincidence-detector circuit. Additionally our data reveal a substantial increase in the gain of phonotaxis, when the number of pulses of a chirp is increased from two to three.E.J.S.-P. was funded by a CONACYT Cambridge Scholarship (394832/384641), collaboration between the Mexican financial body CONACYT, and the Commonwealth European and International Cambridge Trust. Equipment used was funded by the BBSRC (BB/ J01835X/1)

Impact of Weddell Sea deep convection on natural and anthropogenic carbon in a climate model

A climate model is used to investigate the influence of Weddell Sea open ocean deep convection on anthropogenic and natural carbon uptake for the period 1860-2100. In a three-member ensemble climate change simulation, convection ceases on average by year 1981, weakening the net oceanic cumulative uptake of atmospheric CO2 by year 2100 (-4.3 Pg C) relative to an ocean that has continued convection. This net weakening results from a decrease in anthropogenic carbon uptake (-10.1 Pg C), partly offset by an increase in natural carbon storage (+5.8 Pg C). Despite representing only 4% of its area, the Weddell Sea is responsible for 22% of the Southern Ocean decrease in total climate-driven carbon uptake and 52% of the decrease in the anthropogenic component of oceanic uptake. Although this is a model-specific result, it illustrates the potential of deep convection to produce an inter-model spread in future projections of ocean carbon uptake

Food Security among Vegetable Farmers: Implications to Talaandig Culture in Bukidnon, Southern Philippine

Food security is a vision for indigenous people who are known to survive and depend on the abundance of their lands. Achieving food security would enable them to the right to self-determination, which includes community building and ancestral domain development. Consequently, this affects their social, political, economic, and spiritual development. Songco is both the center of vegetable production and Talaandig culture in Bukidnon, Philippines. A total of 208 farming households were interviewed and focus group discussions were conducted in various groups to analyze food security among farming households. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale was used to determine their actual food security level. Three scoring models were used, namely, food insecurity score, food insecurity scale, and self-assessment models; and then linear and ordered logistic regression models were employed. The study found that there is food insecurity even though households can produce enough goods and have abundant supply of vegetables. Also, the results reveal that the cash crop system has brought food insecurity to most farming households. Planting crops with relatively higher return such as celery and sweet pepper contributes to food insecurity. Thus, interventions that revive and enhance cultural practices are recommended in ensuring food security

High-Linearity Self-Biased CMOS Current Buffer

A highly linear fully self-biased class AB current buffer designed in a standard 0.18 mu m CMOS process with 1.8 V power supply is presented in this paper. It is a simple structure that, with a static power consumption of 48 mu W, features an input resistance as low as 89 Omega, high accuracy in the input-output current ratio and total harmonic distortion (THD) figures lower than -60 dB at 30 mu A amplitude signal and 1 kHz frequency. Robustness was proved through Monte Carlo and corner simulations, and finally validated through experimental measurements, showing that the proposed configuration is a suitable choice for high performance low voltage low power applications

Nueva Especie del Género \u3ci\u3eAcanthobothrium\u3c/i\u3e Van Benedem 1849; Cestode: Tetraphyllidea de \u3ci\u3eMyliobatis peruvianus\u3c/i\u3e Garman 1913

Se describe Acanthobothrium gonzalesmugaburoi n.sp. (Cestoda: Tetraphyllidea: Onchobotriidae) hallado en la válvula espiral de 10 ejemplares de raya aguila Myliobatis peruvianus Garman, 1913, procedentes del litoral peruano. Difiere de las demás especies del género, por el número y distribución de los testículos y por la longitud total del gancho. Huésped y localidad se señalan por primera vez

Herramientas y antecedentes Big Data

RESUMENEn este articulo la idea principal consiste en dar un conocimiento sobre el concepto de Big Data, el gran beneficio que tienen las empresas u organizaciones con la implementación de las diferentes plataformas que hacen parte de Big Data, entre la cual se encuentran el almacenamiento de información de gran volumen para que se puedan convertir en objetivos concretos. Analizaremos también el manejo de la información de las herramientas más utilizadas por las organizaciones en la actualidad por medio de ilustraciones, sus ventajas y desventajas desde el punto de vista del ámbito empresarial y social, como guardan la información, de donde proviene la información, los datos que explora el concepto de Big Data, También daremos a conocer la aplicación que Microsoft ha implementado para una plataforma Big Data.ABSTRACTIn this article the main idea is to provide an understanding of the concept of Big Data, the great benefit which companies or organizations with the implementation of the different platforms that are part of Big Data, among which are the information storage large volume so that they can become specific targets. Also analyze the information management tools used by most organizations today by way of illustration, their advantages and disadvantages from the point of view of the business and social environment, as store information, hence the information, data that explores the concept of Big data, also we will present the application that Microsoft has implemented for a Big data platform