Standards of Productive Projects in Military Correctional Centers

El presente proyecto consiste en Reglamentar a los Centro Penitenciarios Militares, en donde se normatiza el reglamento para el manejo de recursos generados en los establecimientos de reclusión.This project is to regulate the Military Correctional Center, where the rules for the management of resources generated in the prisons is formulating standards

Evaluation of Chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) leaf meal as an ingredient in poultry diets : its availability and effect on the performance of chickens

A series of experiments were carried out with the aim of evaluating chaya (Cnidoscolus aconitifolius) leaf meal (CLM), a fibrous protein-rich foodstuff, in terms of both digestibility and poultry performance as a potential ingredient to be utilised in poultry diets. In the first experiment, chaya plants at either 4, 8 or 12 weeks of regrowth were harvested. With the exceptions of ether extract and oxalic acid, no differences in chemical composition of the leaves were found between the different ages of re-growth for the contents of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, lignin, ash, or hydrogen cyanide. In experiment two, true metabolisable energy (TME) content as well as TME corrected to nitrogen equilibrium (TMEN) and dry matter and nitrogen digestibilities in CLM were evaluated in commercial broilers and criollo chickens. Neither CLM inputs nor genotype of the bird significantly affected the TMEn values. The collection period of droppings and the body weight of the bird significantly (P<0.05) affected TMEN. In experiment three, the effect of different fibre sources on endogenous losses of nitrogen, uric acid and amino acids as well as on energy balance and body weight loss were evaluated in cockerels. The different fibre sources caused significant (P<0.05) differences in all the dependent variables. An important fact, demonstrated by experiments 2 and 3, was that the endogenous losses of birds showed a very high variation; however, possible explanations for those findings were put forward. In experiment four, TME, net energy and heat increment values of CLM and wheatfeed were determined using cockerels in calorimeter chambers. Lower (P<0.05) values of TME and net energy were found in CLM compared with wheatfeed, and that was attributable to the different chemical composition of the ingredients evaluated and to the different properties of their fibre. In experiment five, the effect of different amounts of dietary CLM on apparent metabolisable energy (AME) of diets and on dry matter, nitrogen and amino acid digestibilities in broilers was evaluated. There were three experimental diets (0, 150 and 250 g/kg CLM) which were fed to the broilers from 1 to 21 days of age. AME and all the dependent variables were significantly (P<0.05) affected by dietary CLM contents, in both 7- and 21-day-old birds. There were higher values for all dependent variables in birds aged 21 days than in those aged 7 days. There were no differences between the control diet and CLM 150 g/kg diet for amino acid digestibility, with the exceptions of alanine, arginine and proline. However, amino acid digestibility was lower (P<0.05) in the diet containing 250 g/kg CLM than in either control or 150 g/kg CLM diets. In experiment six, the effect of adding the enzymes B-glucanase and pectinase on amino acid digestibility of CLM was evaluated in broilers. Ileal samples were collected from birds given two doses of CLM by tube feeding. Only the pectinase treatment increased (P<0.05) lysine and total amino acid digestibility. In experiment seven, the performance of broders fed different CLM dietary amounts was evaluated. Two studies were carried out in this experiment. The performance parameters of birds decreased as CLM in diets increased to 350 and 250 g/kg in the first and second studies respectively, and this was attributable to the fibre content of CLM rather than to its oxalic acid and hydrogen cyanide contents. The length and weight of caeca were greater (P<0.05) as dietary CLM increased, but the weight of the gizzard showed the opposite tendency. It was concluded that CLM is an alternative ingredient for inclusion in diets for broilers, mainly in small-farm systems. It represents an acceptable source of amino acids but it contains low concentrations of both metabolisable and net energy as would be expected in a high-fibre foodstuff

Modelación y optimización de la red de acueducto urbano del municipio de Tibaná-Boyacá

Trabajo de InvestigaciónPlanteamiento de propuestas de optimización a través de la modelación hidráulica en el programa EPANET de la red de acueducto urbano del municipio de Tibaná-Boyacá.INTRODUCCIÓN 1. GENERALIDADES 2. CARACTERIZACIÓN DEL MUNICIPIO. 3. DIAGNOSTICO ACTUAL DE LA RED. 4. METODOLOGÍA DE MODELACIÓN Y OPTIMIZACIÓN HIDRÁULICA DE LA RED DE ACUEDUCTO URBANO. 5. ANALISIS DE RESULTADOS. 6. CONCLUSIONES. BIBLIOGRAFÍA ANEXOSPregradoIngeniero Civi

Análisis de la distribución del tamaño de partículas en suelos caolínicos usando el método del hidrómetro y un equipo de alta confiabilidad

Trabajo de InvestigaciónEl trabajo de investigación presenta los análisis y ensayos realizados al material caolín Blanco, mostrando la variación que se encuentra, con los ensayos de laboratorio realizados por el hidrómetro convencional versus el equipo pario, con el fin de que este ensayo pueda ser complementado a los laboratorios realizados a los suelos, para la determinación del comportamiento de la curva granulométrica del material analizado.RESUMEN 1. INTRODUCCIÓN 2. PLANTEAMIENTO Y FORMULACIÓN DEL PROBLEMA 3. CONCLUSIONES 4. MARCO DE REFERENCIA 5. OBJETIVOS 6. ALCANCES Y LIMITACIONES 7. METODOLOGÍA 8. ANALISIS DE RESULTADOS 9. VENTAJAS Y DESVENTAJAS 10. CONCLUSIONES 11. RECOMENDACIONES 12. BIBLIOGRAFÍAPregradoIngeniero Civi

Estudio teórico y experimental del comportamiento del hormigón con materiales no convencionales: fibras de vidrio y fibras de carbono, sometido a esfuerzos de compresión

Trabajo de InvestigaciónSe realiza un estudio experimental, donde el objetivo principal es estudiar el comportamiento del concreto sometido a esfuerzos de compresión, con materiales no convencionales: Fibras de Vidrio y de Carbono. En la práctica de laboratorio se realizan 24 probetas cilíndricas de 300mm x 150mm, con dosificación 1:2:3. Donde 8 de ellos son de concreto simple, utilizados como patrón para la comparación, los 8 siguientes tiene las mismas características pero esta vez con el 0,8% de la fibra de vidrio del peso total de la mezcla, los 8 especímenes finales se realizan con 0,24% de la fibra de carbono del peso total de la mezcla, luego de realizar el diseño de mezcla y obtener las 24 probetas, se inicia el proceso de curado a los 7, 14, 21 y 28 días.PregradoIngeniero Civi

Bacterial outer membrane vesicles and vaccine applications

Vaccines based on outer membrane vesicles (OMV) were developed more than 20 years ago against Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. These nano-sized structures exhibit remarkable potential for immunomodulation of immune responses and delivery of “self” meningococcal antigens or unrelated antigens incorporated into the vesicle structure. This paper reviews different applications in OMV Research and Development (R&D) and provides examples of OMV developed and evaluated at the Finlay Institute in Cuba. A Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) process was developed at the Finlay Institute to produce OMV from N. meningitidis serogroup B (dOMVB) using detergent extraction. Subsequently, OMV from N. meningitidis, serogroup A (dOMVA), serogroup W (dOMVW) and serogroup X (dOMVX) were obtained using this process. More recently, the extraction process has also been applied effectively for obtaining OMV on a research scale from Vibrio cholerae (dOMVC), Bordetella pertussis (dOMVBP), Mycobacterium smegmatis (dOMVSM) and BCG (dOMVBCG). The immunogenicity of the OMV have been evaluated for specific antibody induction, and together with functional bactericidal and challenge assays in mice have shown their protective potential. dOMVB has been evaluated with non-self neisserial antigens, including with a herpes virus type 2 glycoprotein, ovalbumin and allergens. In conclusion, OMV are proving to be more versatile than first conceived and remain an important technology for development of vaccine candidates. - See more at: http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00121/abstract#sthash.MwqUyZQ1.dpu

Experiencies in obtaining polymeric composites reinforced with natural fiber from Ecuador

Esta revisión presenta los reportes de las investigaciones relacionadas con el desarrollo de nuevos materiales compuestos poliméricos reforzados con fibras naturales y desechos agroindustriales provenientes del Ecuador. Se analizan las fibras vegetales con potencial para ser empleadas como reforzante en compuestos poliméricos. Se sintetizan los resultados relevantes de las diferentes investigaciones analizadas. Aspectos como el tipo de matriz, la morfología de las fibras, los tratamientos superficiales y las propiedades mecánicas son presentados.This review presents the research reports related to the development of new polymeric composites reinforced with natural fibers and agro-industrial wastes from Ecuador. Vegetable fibers with potential are analyzed to be used as reinforcement in polymeric composites. It summarizes the relevant results from the different investigations analyzed. Aspects such as the type of matrix, the fiber morphology, surface treatment and mechanical properties are presented

NIC 16: guía teórica y práctica del inmovilizado material

La adopción de las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF) procura mejorar la comparabilidad en los estados financieros, logrando con esto que sea un lenguaje contable-financiero común entre los usuarios de la información financiera, no solamente dentro del territorio nacional sino también fuera de él. La presente tesis NIC 16: Guía Teórica y Práctica del Inmovilizado Material, tiene como objetivo principal analizar los aspectos más relevantes que trae consigo las normas internacionales en lo referente al tratamiento contable de la Propiedad, planta y equipo; aplicado a casos prácticos de nuestra realidad nacional. Este trabajo consta de 5 capítulos, los cuales inician con la base teórica indispensable para el correcto entendimiento de los casos prácticos que se plantean a continuación. Cada uno de los capítulos referentes al tratamiento contable del Inmovilizado Material son los siguientes: 1. Reconocimiento 2. Adquisición 3. Permanencia 4. Disposición y 5. Adopción por primera vez. Con el desarrollo de nuestra tesis queremos contribuir con la ciudadanía al entendimiento de las normas para establecer medidas que contribuyan al fortalecimiento de su actividad empresarial y proveer de una fuente de investigación para docentes, estudiantes y profesionales del área contableContador Público AuditorCuenc