The effect of aquaculture effluents on water quality parameters of Haraz River

In this study, a water quality model of Haraz basin was used as an evaluative tool to estimate the spatial distribution of variables that are related to water quality and nutrient loads of the Haraz River. Previous studies performed in this river indicate that trout culture activity along the Haraz River have led to various changes in the water quality parameters. In the present work, the possible effects of two additional fish farms with a production capacity of 50 tons, located on the Haraz within 1 km distance from each other were evaluated in terms of their effects on the streams water quality. A water quality model was developed in order to investigate the spatial distribution of water quality variables. The model also used to estimate the dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and nutrients along the stream

Metastatic Ewing's sarcoma to the right ventricle

Ewing's sarcoma is a round cell neoplasm derived from neural crest cells that is part of the primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) family. It is a rare, aggressive malignancy that affects young people, most commonly in the second decade of life. The treatment of localized disease has improved greatly over the past four decades, but the prognosis for metastatic disease remains poor. Cardiac metastases of Ewing's sarcoma are exceedingly rare, with only a few reported cases. This article presents a case of a 22 year old man with a history of Ewing's sarcoma of the bone involving the right kneepeer-reviewe

Analyzing the effect of nature on social interaction in urban squares (case examples: squares of Tehran)

One of issues that have been considered in the urban environment is improving the quality of these spaces. Enjoying nature and its elements can play a role in promoting them; this role can be searched in the relationship between man, nature and characterization of natural effects on the built environment and their interactions with each other. Because of the importance of urban environments as one of the most important of this space and their role in the development of society, the focus is on squares and the influence of nature on social interactions and how to respond to some psychological needs of human nature is assessed.In this study, using descriptive-analytical study and library method it was confirmed that vitality and sociability in urban areas, have a significant impact on increasing social interaction and increasing these factors improve urban spaces. By using correlation method and questionnaire and their analysis using SPSS software it was concluded that proper use of designed natural space, has a significant impact on satisfaction, socialization, creating vitality and ultimately increase local identity and social interaction.Keywords: Urban Space, Square, Natural Space, Vitality, Sociability, Social interactio

The effect of nature on social interactions in urban squares (Case study: Squares of Tehran)

One of the issues that have been considered in the urban space is improving the quality of these spaces. Using nature and its elements can play a role in promoting them and this role can be sought in the relationship between man, nature and  identification of nature's effect on artificial environment and their interactions with each other. Because of the importance of urban environments and squares as one of the most important of these spaces and their role in the development of society, the focus is on squares the effect of nature on social interactions and the way nature responds to some psychological needs of human is assessed. In this study, using descriptive analytical design and through library research method, it was proved that vitality and sociability in urban areas, have a significant impact on increasing social interaction and increase of these factors improve urban spaces. Using correlation method, questionnaires and analysis of them using SPSS, it was  concluded that the use of natural space with the appropriate design, has a significant impact on satisfaction, sociability, creating vitality and local identity and ultimately increase of social interactions.Key words: urban space, square, natural space, vitality, sociability, social interactions

The feasibility of correlation between superconductivity and magnetic monopole: Establishment of semi-classical electrodynamics projection, TKH topological theory and dynamic vortex models

In this paper, a feasibility of semi-classical electromagnetic description together with experimental data, T-K-H topological and dynamic models and theory of vortex considered to justify the relation between superconductivity phenomena and magnetic monopole. We find that the electromagnetic energy of magnetic monopole is in agreement with vortex energy in topological theory and it can get close to thermal energy at room temperature. Indeed, these models suggest that the origin of the hot superconductivity may be magnetic monopoles with QM-Cl = 137 e (magnetic charge in classical approach) or QM-Q =137/2 e (magnetic charge in quantum approach), and the electrical conductivity is related to the mobile monopole or vortices. This research shows that the electrical permittivity ({\epsilon}) and magnetic permeability ({\mu}) of matter have a key role in the superconductive properties. We propose that this model may justify the hot superconductivity properties.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure

Hall viscosity from gauge/gravity duality

In (2+1)-dimensional systems with broken parity, there exists yet another transport coefficient, appearing at the same order as the shear viscosity in the hydrodynamic derivative expansion. In condensed matter physics, it is referred to as "Hall viscosity". We consider a simple holographic realization of a (2+1)-dimensional isotropic fluid with broken spatial parity. Using techniques of fluid/gravity correspondence, we uncover that the holographic fluid possesses a nonzero Hall viscosity, whose value only depends on the near-horizon region of the background. We also write down a Kubo's formula for the Hall viscosity. We confirm our results by directly computing the Hall viscosity using the formula.Comment: 12 page

Do hands-free cell phone conversation while driving increase the risk of cognitive distraction among drivers? A cross-over quasi-experimental study

Background: Background: Conversation over the cell phone while driving is a known risk factor for road traffic crash. Using handsfree to talk on the cell phone may remove visual and manual distraction yet not the cognitive distraction. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to better understand the mechanisms of cognitive distraction due to hands-free cell phone conversation (HFPC) while driving. Methods: Twelve male and 12 female University students in Tehran, Iran, were selected via the consecutive convenient sampling method, and randomly assigned to one of the following administrations of cross-over quasi-experimental study design, during year 2016: Administration 1, participants performed the tests while involved in HFPC, took rest for 60 minute, and then performed the tests another time without HFPC; Administration 2, participants performed the tests without HFPC, took rest, and then performed the tests another time with HFPC. Each participant moved to the other administration after 7 to 10 days. The Vienna test system (VTS) was used to measure simple and choice reaction time, selective attention, visual orientation, and visual memory. Linear regression analysis was used to study the change in test scores due to HFPC. Results: The mean age of participants was 27.1±5.3 years. A history of road traffic crash (regardless of severity) was reported among 9 (37.5) participants in the previous year. Hands-free cell phone conversation while driving was directly associated with mean time correct rejection score (P < 0.01) (selective attention), omitted response (P < 0.01) and median reaction time (P < 0.01) (choice reaction time), and mean reaction time (P < 0.01) (Simple reaction time). Moreover, HPFC was inversely associated with sum hits (P = 0.05) (selective attention), incorrect (P < 0.02) and correct response (P < 0.01) (choice reaction time), score based on viewing and working time (P < 0. 01) (visual orientation), and visual memory performance (P < 0.01). Conclusions: Using hands-free devices to converse during driving, impaired reaction time, selective attention, visual orientation and visual memory, which are essential for safe driving. Thus, the use of these devices does not preclude cognitive distraction and should be restricted. © 2018, Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal

Eagle syndrome presenting with external carotid artery pseudoaneurysm

Eagle syndrome refers to a clinical syndrome caused by the abnormal elongation of the styloid process with calcification/ossification of the stylohyoid ligament. We present the first reported case of Eagle syndrome resulting in an external carotid artery (ECA) pseudoaneurysm. A patient presented to emergency room with an expanding, painful right-neck mass. CT angiography with three-dimensional volume rendering showed a bilobed 4.0-cm right ECA pseudoaneurysm and bilateral ossification of the stylohyoid ligaments with a sharpened edge of the right styloid process at the level of the carotid artery. Aneurysmectomy was performed, and a common carotid to internal carotid bypass with reversed saphenous vein restored arterial continuity. Local resection of the styloid process with a rotational sternocleidomastoid flap was performed. The pathology report was consistent with a diagnosis of a pseudoaneurysm. A six-month clinical follow-up confirmed the complete resolution of symptoms with no neurological deficits