449 research outputs found
Critical behavior at Mott-Anderson transition: a TMT-DMFT perspective
We present a detailed analysis of the critical behavior close to the
Mott-Anderson transition. Our findings are based on a combination of numerical
and analytical results obtained within the framework of Typical-Medium Theory
(TMT-DMFT) - the simplest extension of dynamical mean field theory (DMFT)
capable of incorporating Anderson localization effects. By making use of
previous scaling studies of Anderson impurity models close to the
metal-insulator transition, we solve this problem analytically and reveal the
dependence of the critical behavior on the particle-hole symmetry. Our main
result is that, for sufficiently strong disorder, the Mott-Anderson transition
is characterized by a precisely defined two-fluid behavior, in which only a
fraction of the electrons undergo a "site selective" Mott localization; the
rest become Anderson-localized quasiparticles.Comment: 4+ pages, 4 figures, v2: minor changes, accepted for publication in
Phys. Rev. Let
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of South Asian immigrants in developed countries regarding oral cancer : an integrative review
Background: Oral cancer is a growing problem worldwide, with high incidence rates in South Asian countries. With increasing numbers of South Asian immigrants in developed countries, a possible rise in oral cancer cases is expected given the high prevalence in their source countries and the continued oral cancer risk behaviours of immigrants. The aim of this review is to synthesise existing evidence regarding knowledge, attitudes and practices of South Asian immigrants in developed countries regarding oral cancer. Methods: Five electronic databases were systematically searched to identify original, English language articles focussing on oral cancer risk knowledge, attitudes and practices of South Asian immigrants in developed countries. All studies that met the following inclusion criteria were included: conducted among South Asian immigrants in developed countries; explored at least one study outcome (knowledge or attitudes or practices); used either qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods. No restrictions were placed on the publication date, quality and setting of the study. Results: A total of 16 studies involving 4772 participants were reviewed. These studies were mainly conducted in the USA, UK, Italy and New Zealand between 1994 and 2018. Findings were categorised into themes of oral cancer knowledge, attitudes and practices. General lack of oral cancer risk knowledge (43–76%) among participants was reported. More than 50% people were found engaging in one or more oral cancer risk practices like smoking, betel quid/pan/gutka chewing. Some of the participants perceived betel quid/pan/gutka chewing habit good for their health (12–43.6%). Conclusion: This review has shown that oral cancer risk practices are prevalent among South Asian immigrants who possess limited knowledge and unfavourable attitude in this area. Culturally appropriate targeted interventions and strategies are needed to raise oral cancer awareness among South Asian communities in developed countries
Perceptions and practices of general practitioners towards oral cancer and emerging risk factors among Indian immigrants in Australia : a qualitative study
Background: In Australia, Indian immigrants are one of the fastest-growing communities. Since oral cancer is widespread in India, the indulgence of Indians in customs of areca (betel) nut use in Australia may be linked to the recent rise in oral cancer cases. Since GPs (general practitioners) are primary healthcare providers, it is pivotal to ensure the oral cancer awareness of GPs. This study aimed to explore oral cancer risk-related knowledge, beliefs, and clinical practices of GPs in Australia. Methods: Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with GPs practicing across New South Wales and Victoria. Purposive and snowball sampling were used for recruitment. Data were analysed through a directed content analysis approach. Results: All GPs were knowledgeable of major oral cancer causative factors including tobacco and alcohol, but some had limited understanding about the risks associated with areca nut preparations. Positive attitudes were evident, with all participants acknowledging the importance of oral cancer risk assessment. Most GPs recalled not performing oral cancer routine check-ups. Conclusion: GPs presented good oral cancer knowledge except for emerging risk factors such as areca nut use. Varied beliefs and inconsistent clinical practices relating to oral cancer screening is concerning. Accessible oral cancer training around emerging risk factors may benefit GPs
Detecting Determinacy in Prolog Programs: 22nd International Conference, ICLP 2006, Seattle, WA, USA, August 17-20, 2006. Proceedings
In program development it is useful to know that a call to a Prolog program will not inadvertently leave a choice-point on the stack. Determinacy inference has been proposed for solving this problem yet the analysis was found to be wanting in that it could not infer determinacy conditions for programs that contained cuts or applied certain tests to select a clause. This paper shows how to remedy these serious deficiencies. It also addresses the problem of identifying those predicates which can be rewritten in a more deterministic fashion. To this end, a radically new form of determinacy inference is introduced, which is founded on ideas in ccp, that is capable of reasoning about the way bindings imposed by a rightmost goal can make a leftmost goal deterministic
Knowledge, attitudes and practices of Indian immigrants in Australia towards oral cancer and their perceived role of general practitioners : a cross-sectional study
Oral cancer is highly prevalent in the Indian subcontinent. With the increasing immigration of Indians to Australia, a potential rise in oral cancer cases can be expected if they continue engaging in oral cancer risk practices. Unfortunately, little is known on this topic in the Australian context. This study aimed to generate new insights into this area by examining Indian immigrants’ knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding oral cancer in Australia and their perceived role of general practitioners in raising oral cancer awareness. Exploring these aspects could determine the oral cancer risk behaviours of Indians in Australia along with any contributing factors which could help identify potential preventative strategies. A cross-sectional survey was undertaken of 164 Indians across Australia. Data were analysed using SPSS software with descriptive statistics. Respondents had varying levels of knowledge about oral cancer (mean total score 61%), particularly around risk factors such as alcohol and areca nut use as well as oral cancer-related signs/symptoms. The majority (87.7%) had not received any information about oral cancer in a health care setting but were receptive (71–90%) to general practitioners playing a more active role in this area. Respondents were engaging in positive preventative oral health care though few were currently (6.7%) or previously (14.7%) chewing tobacco preparations. Further research is needed through larger studies to confirm the study findings and inform the development of culturally tailored strategies particularly involving general practitioners, to raise oral cancer awareness and provide early screening for Indian immigrants
Evidence for a Neutron Star in the non-pulsating massive X-ray binary 4U2206+54
We present an analysis of archival RXTE and BeppoSAX data of the X-ray source
4U2206+54 . For the first time, high energy data (> 30 kev) are analyzed for
this source. The data are well described by comptonization models (CompTT and
BMC) in which seed photons with temperatures between 1.1 kev and 1.5 kev are
comptonized by a hot plasma at 50 kev thereby producing a hard tail which
extends up to, at least, 100 kev. We offer a new method of identification of
neutron star systems using a temperature - luminosity relation. If a given
X-ray source is characterized by a low bolometric luminosity and a relatively
high color blackbody temperature (>1 kev) it has necessarily to be a neutron
star rather than a black hole. From these arguments it is shown that the area
of the soft photon source must be small (r ~ 1 km) and that the accretion disk,
if present, must be truncated very far from the compact object. Here we report
on the possible existence of a cyclotron line around 30 kev. The presence of a
neutron star in the system is strongly favored by the available data.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 9 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to
journal in November 200
Concurrent and Reactive Constraint Programming
The Italian Logic Programming community has given several contributions to the theory of Concurrent Constraint Programming. In particular, in the topics of semantics, verification, and timed extensions. In this paper we review the main lines of research and contributions of the community in this fiel
A look with BeppoSAX at the low-luminosity Galactic X-ray source 4U 2206+54
A pointed observation of the low-luminosity galactic source 4U 2206+54 was
carried out in November 1998 with BeppoSAX. The light curve of 4U 2206+54 shows
erratic variability on a timescale of about 1 hour; neither hardness variations
nor time periodicities are detected throughout this 67 ks long observation.
Thanks to the wide spectral coverage capabilities of BeppoSAX we could observe
the source X-ray continuum over three energy decades, from 0.6 to 60 keV. The
spectrum could be equally well fitted either with a blackbody plus
Comptonization or with a high energy cutoff power law. No iron emission around
6.5 keV was detected, while a tentative detection of a cyclotron resonant
feature in absorption is presented. Comparison of the present BeppoSAX data
with the information available in the literature for this source suggests that
4U 2206+54 is a close binary system in which a (possibly magnetized) NS is
accreting from the companion star wind.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication on Astronomy &
Astrophysics, main journal. Final version of the paper including the A&A
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Polymer electrolytes for a rechargeable li-Ion battery
Lithium-ion polymer electrolyte battery technology is attractive for many consumer and military applications. A Li{sub x}C/Li{sub y}Mn{sub 2}O{sub 4} battery system incorporating a polymer electrolyte separator base on novel Li-imide salts is being developed under sponsorship of US Army Research Laboratory (Fort Monmouth NJ). This paper reports on work currently in progress on synthesis of Li-imide salts, polymer electrolyte films incorporating these salts, and development of electrodes and cells. A number of Li salts have been synthesized and characterized. These salts appear to have good voltaic stability. PVDF polymer gel electrolytes based on these salts have exhibited conductivities in the range 10{sup -4} to 10{sub -3} S/cm
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