Despertar las emociones en niños y niñas de 3 a 12 años

En este trabajo nos centraremos en la importancia que tiene la educación emocional en los centros educativos. Hablaremos de autores como Goleman, Salovey y Mayer y Bisquerra, aunque nos centraremos más en este último. En la actualidad están empezando a surtir proyectos educativos que desarrollan este tema, pero su trabajo en las escuelas es todavía insuficiente. El presente proyecto dividirá las actividades en periodos cortos de edad a causa de la gran amplitud de la misma en colegios de educación infantil y primaria. Entre éstas encontraremos el visionado de películas, las emociones a través de la música y la lectura y actividades en las que exista una reflexión propia sobre los sentimientos del alumnado

Investigando en la Parálisis Cerebral

En este Trabajo Fin de Grado, se pretende profundizar en la Parálisis Cerebral. Desde una perspectiva globalizadora en la deficiencia motora, hacia la focalización total en las características propias de la Parálisis Cerebral y las respuestas que se le pueden dar a estos niños desde el entorno familiar y escolar

Prevención e intervención ante posibles situaciones de acoso escolar.

El fenómeno del Acoso Escolar debe cumplir tres características básicas: persistir en el tiempo, tiene que haber desequilibrio de poder y las personas involucradas deben ser escolares. Es necesario conocer las características, clasificaciones y factores que inciden en este fenómeno para hacerle frente desde una perspectiva educativa. Además de conocer las posibles personas involucradas. El porcentaje de acoso escolar en España es otro dato a tener en cuenta, siendo Andalucía y Cataluña las Comunidades Autónomas donde más acoso escolar se sufre. Los niños pasan la mayor parte del tiempo en el colegio, lo que facilita la aparición de este fenómeno. Por ello, debemos conocer la normativa vigente, en especial la de Aragón para intervenir en caso necesario. Hay que llevar a cabo actuaciones desde la Comunidad Educativa para que los alumnos se sientan protegidos, empezando por el cumplimiento de medidas en casa. Los profesores/as deberán conocer algunos programas llevados a cabo dentro y fuera de Aragón, y el centro deberá colaborar también en la elaboración de medidas. Por último, es necesario que el profesorado elabore sus propias propuestas para llevarlas al aula, con el objetivo de reflexionar con los alumnos sobre este fenómeno

Análisis en el ámbito educativo con niños que presentan problemas de salud.

El Sistema Educativo puede tener muchas variantes pero la imagen más usual siempre nos lleva a imaginar al docente impartiendo clases a niños y niñas en un colegio ordinario. Con este trabajo se da cabida a una de esas variantes que lamentablemente no se muestra con frecuencia en ningún medio ni se enseña de forma oficial en ningún centro educativo, es la variante de la Pedagogía Hospitalaria, que engloba tanto a los maestros que están inmersos en las Aulas Hospitalarias de los centros médicos, como a los maestros que van a las casas de los niños enfermos ofreciendo el servicio de Atención Domiciliaria. Este estudio analiza, a través de diferentes fuentes bibliográficas y a través de un formulario respondido por maestros de esta modalidad pedagógica, los aspectos más importantes de esta variante con el objetivo de conocer mejor tanto las características organizativas como las características metodológicas y personales de todos sus implicados, haciendo hincapié en el rol del maestro/a, sus funciones, y su lugar de trabajo.<br /

The architectural structure in the face of climate-relate catastrophe: a classificatory approach

[EN] Nowadays, given the geopolitical and climatic emergency context in which we find ourselves, various catastrophes of different kinds, including natural ones such as floods, volcanic eruptions or earthquakes, and human ones such as armed conflicts, nuclear accidents or most fires, whose impact often results in human and economic losses, have highlighted the need to rethink architectural structures in order to ensure that they are as resilient as possible.The key to achieving this and aim of this manuscript, is to firstly identify the intrinsic objective parameters of the most statistically probable catastrophes that we can currently suffer, in order to characterize and classify them from different points of view based on their future consequences on building structures, since only in this way will we be able to conceive and materialize them with the capacity to withstand not only usual loads, but also to present the best possible behaviour in the face of accidental situations caused by potential new adverse episodes.Sanz Almela, D.; Piqueras Blasco, M.; Serrano Lanzarote, AB.; Fenollosa Forner, EJ. (2023). The architectural structure in the face of climate-relate catastrophe: a classificatory approach. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 260-268. https://doi.org/10.4995/VIBRArch2022.2022.1516026026

Reactive belite stabilization mechanisms by boron-bearing dopants

Belite-rich cements hold promise for reduced energy consumption and CO2 emissions, but their use is hindered by the slow hydration rates of ordinary belites. This drawback may be overcome by activation of belite by doping. Here, the doping mechanism of B and Na/B in belites is reported. For B-doping, three solid solutions have been tested: Ca2-x/2□x/2(SiO4)1-x(BO3)x, Ca2(SiO4)1-x(BO3)xOx/2 and Ca2-xBx(SiO4)1-x(BO4)x. The experimental results support the substitution of silicate groups by tetrahedral borate groups with the concomitant substitution of calcium by boron for charge compensation, Ca2-xBx(SiO4)1-x(BO4)x. Otherwise, the coupled Na/B-doping of belite has also been investigated and Ca2-xNax(SiO4)1-x(BO3)x series is confirmed to exist for a large range of x values. Along this series, α'H-C2S is the main phase (for x≥0.10) and is single phase for x=0.25. Finally, a new structural description for borax doping in belite has been developed for α'H-Ca1.85Na0.15(SiO4)0.85(BO3)0.15, which fits better borax activated belite cements in Rietveld mineralogical analysisThis work has been supported by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through MAT2010-16213 research grant which is cofunded by FEDER

Mechanism of stabilization of dicalcium silicate solid solution with aluminium

Stoichiometric dicalcium silicate, Ca2SiO4, displays a well-known polymorphism with temperature. When this phase is doped by a range of elements, belite, one of the main phases of cements, is generated. Here, we thoroughly study the aluminum doping of dicalcium silicate. This type of study is important for cement characterization and also from a basic point of view. Ca2Si1−2xAl2xO4−x□x (x = 0, 0.010, 0.014, 0.03) has been prepared and studied by X-ray powder diffraction and the Rietveld method. The limiting composition has been established as Ca2Si0.972Al0.028O3.986□0.014. The 27Al MAS NMR band located close to ∼−70 ppm is ascribed to tetrahedral environments, in agreement with the proposed aliovalent Si/Al atomic substitution mechanism. Thermal analysis measurements under a wet atmosphere indirectly confirm the increase of oxygen vacancies as the amount of incorporated protons increases with the aluminium content. A thorough electrical characterization has been carried out including overall conductivity measurements under wet and dry atmospheres and conductivity as a function of the oxygen partial pressure. The samples show oxide anion conductivity with a small p-type electronic contribution under oxidizing conditions. These compounds display a very important proton contribution to the overall conductivities under humidified atmospheres.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the research grant MAT2010- 15175 which is co-founded by FEDER and Junta de Andalucía (Spain) through the research grant P10-FQM-6680

Prevalence and Distribution of High-Risk Genotypes of HPV in Women with Severe Cervical Lesions in Madrid, Spain: Importance of Detecting Genotype 16 and Other High-Risk Genotypes

Background. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has been demonstrated to be the necessary causal factor for developing cervical cancer. To know the most prevalent HR-HPV in different geographical areas is important to design diagnostic tests and implementation of vaccines. Objectives. The goal of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of HR-HPV in a total of 1001 patients, 198 with normal cytology results, 498 with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 205 with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) who attended our gynaecology department for opportunistic screening of HPV infection. Study design. Cervical samples were taken in a PreservCyt vial (Cytyc Corporation, Boxborough, MA). Hybrid capture assay was carried out following the manufacturer's instructions (Digene Corp., Gaithersburg, MD). All samples were further studied with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test, Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Results. Genotype 16 was the most prevalent HR-HPV in the three groups, 17.8% in the patients with normal cytology results, 22.3% in the LSIL group, and 60% in the HSIL group. Genotype 18 had a very low prevalence in all groups. Other HR-HPV genotypes such as genotype 31, genotype 58 and genotype 52 were found in significant numbers in HSIL patients. Discussion. Our data show that genotypes 16, 31, 58, and 52 are the most prevalent HR-HPV in cervical samples with severe intraepithelial lesion in Spain. There may be some geographical variation in prevalence of carcinogenic types, and it must be considered for designing diagnostic tests and vaccine

Prevalence and Distribution of High-Risk Genotypes of HPV in Women with Severe Cervical Lesions in Madrid, Spain: Importance of Detecting Genotype 16 and Other High-Risk Genotypes

Background. Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) has been demonstrated to be the necessary causal factor for developing cervical cancer. To know the most prevalent HR-HPV in different geographical areas is important to design diagnostic tests and implementation of vaccines. Objectives. The goal of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of HR-HPV in a total of 1001 patients, 198 with normal cytology results, 498 with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL), and 205 with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) who attended our gynaecology department for opportunistic screening of HPV infection. Study design. Cervical samples were taken in a PreservCyt vial (Cytyc Corporation, Boxborough, MA). Hybrid capture assay was carried out following the manufacturer's instructions (Digene Corp., Gaithersburg, MD). All samples were further studied with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test, Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Results. Genotype 16 was the most prevalent HR-HPV in the three groups, 17.8% in the patients with normal cytology results, 22.3% in the LSIL group, and 60% in the HSIL group. Genotype 18 had a very low prevalence in all groups. Other HR-HPV genotypes such as genotype 31, genotype 58 and genotype 52 were found in significant numbers in HSIL patients. Discussion. Our data show that genotypes 16, 31, 58, and 52 are the most prevalent HR-HPV in cervical samples with severe intraepithelial lesion in Spain. There may be some geographical variation in prevalence of carcinogenic types, and it must be considered for designing diagnostic tests and vaccine

Histone lysine crotonylation during acute kidney injury in mice

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a potentially lethal condition for which no therapy is available beyond replacement of renal function. Posttranslational histone modifications modulate gene expression and kidney injury. Histone crotonylation is a recently described posttranslational modification. We hypothesized that histone crotonylation might modulate kidney injury. Histone crotonylation was studied in cultured murine proximal tubular cells and in kidneys from mice with AKI induced by folic acid or cisplatin. Histone lysine crotonylation was observedintubularcells from healthy murine and human kidney tissue. Kidney tissue histone crotonylation increased during AKI. This was reproducedbyexposure tothe protein TWEAK incultured tubular cells. Specifically, ChIP-seq revealed enrichment of histone crotonylation at the genes encoding the mitochondrial biogenesis regulator PGC-1α and the sirtuin-3 decrotonylase in both TWEAK-stimulated tubular cells and in AKI kidney tissue. To assess the role of crotonylation in kidney injury, crotonate was used to increase histone crotonylation in cultured tubular cells or in the kidneys in vivo. Crotonate increased the expression of PGC-1α and sirtuin-3, and decreased CCL2 expression in cultured tubular cells and healthy kidneys. Systemic crotonate administration protected from experimental AKI, preventing the decrease in renal function and in kidney PGC-1α and sirtuin-3 levels as well as the increase in CCL2 expression. For the first time, we have identified factors such as cell stress and crotonate availability that increase histone crotonylation in vivo. Overall, increasing histone crotonylation might have a beneficial effect on AKI. This is the first observation of the in vivo potential of the therapeutic manipulation of histone crotonylation in a disease state.This work was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) [grant numbers PI13/00047, PIE13/00051, PI14/00386, PI15/00298, CP12/03262, CP14/00133, RETIC REDinREN RD12/0021]; the European Regional Development Funds [Fondo Europeo de DesarrolloRegional (FEDER)]; European Uremic Toxin (EUTox) Work Group of the ESAO; the Sociedad Española de Nefrologia (SEN) [9749/002]; Comunidad de Madrid (CIFRA) [grant number S2010/BMD-2378]; and Fundación Renal Iñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRIAT) [9749/001]. Salary support was provided by ISCIII Miguel Servet MS12/03262 and MS14/00133 to A.B.S. and M.D.S.-N., MECD to O.R.-A. and programa Intensificación Actividad Investigadora (ISCIII/Agencia Laı́n-Entralgo/CM) to A.O. IIS-FJD Biobank RD09/0076/0010