Quality of minimally processed table cassava cultivated in southeastern Pará, brazilian Amazonian / Qualidade da mandioca de mesa minimamente processada cultivada no sudeste do Pará, Amazônia brasileira

This paper aimed to assess the quality of the cassava roots of the variety Cacau minimally processed. Physical characterization of 100 root samples was carried out by measuring the weight of roots, weight of roots without bark, weight of bark, root yield, length and diameter. The following treatments were performed: T1: roots was washed in running water; T2: sanitized roots (150 mg. L-1); T3: sanitized roots (150 mg. L-1) and acidified roots (1% citric acid) and T4: sanitized roots (150 mg. L-1) and bleached (55ºC/10 min). The physicochemical characterization of leaves, stems and roots were performed through the analysis of pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), moisture, ashes, protein content, lipids, carbohydrates and total energy value (TEV). For the variables of plant growth, the number of roots (9.10 units) and dry matter of the roots (1312.15 g), in addition the yield of the unshelled root (80.95 kg or 61.80 %) was close to the values reported in the literature. As for the physicochemical parameters of minimally processed cassava roots, they were in accordance with those established by the Brazilian Table Food Composition. These parameters are considered the most important for the industry, so they explain the reasons for the agroindustrial potential this feedstoock. 

Dry biomass of the amazonian macrophyte paspalun repens for evaluation as adsorbent material of heavy metals Zn and Cu

The present work aims at the preliminary evaluation of the Paspalun repens macrophyte dry biomass adsorbent material of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) metals from water. The diversity of Species is due to the extensive aquatic environment where it is inserted. The Paspalun repens species comes from the Buiuçu lake located in the region of Parintins-Amazonas- Brazil. The macrophyte was dried in a mill and then a digestion through biomass microwaves was done before and after its exposure to the solutions containing different concentrations of zinc and copper (1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 3.00 mg mL-1 of metals) for a period of 48 hours. As a source of the metals, zinc sulfate (ZnSO4 7H2O) for zinc, and copper sulfate (CuSO4 5H2O) for copper were used as the source. As a result, the efficiency of Paspalun repens was observed in the metals removal, the highest removal percentage, of 29.67 and 37.07% in the leaves, whereas in the root it was 25.25 and 32.84% (at the concentration 1.0 and 2.0 mg/mL consequently), was of zinc, therefore the dry biomass of this species can be considered as a low cost alternative material in the removal of these heavy metals, contributing to the improvement of water quality. © 2017 Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos. All rights reserved

Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra: implementação, conhecimento e aspectos socioeconômicos sob a perspectiva desse segmento populacional

A Política Nacional de Saúde Integral da População Negra tem o objetivo de garantir a equidade na atenção à saúde para esse segmento populacional. Tal medida possui um caráter compensatório em virtude das discriminações raciais existentes ao longo da história do Brasil. A população negra apresenta maior vulnerabilidade social e econômica, o que reflete uma menor expectativa de vida e maior susceptibilidade a agravos. O objetivo do estudo é investigar o conhecimento da população negra acerca da política, seus potenciais benefícios e as dificuldades de acesso à saúde. Trata-se de uma pesquisa transversal, descritiva e quantitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas estruturadas com 391 indivíduos negros, usuários do SUS, da cidade de Juiz de Fora. A amostra foi estratificada de acordo com raça (preto e pardo), renda e escolaridade. Cerca de 90% dos entrevistados relataram desconhecer a existência de uma política de saúde para a população negra e 53% declararam uma possível discriminação racial. Observou-se também associação positiva entre discriminação e menor escolaridade e renda. Apesar de desconhecerem a existência da PNSIPN, a maioria dos entrevistados aprovou seus objetivos, mesmo relatando a possibilidade de discriminação dela advinda

QUALIDADE PÓS-COLHEITA DE DIFERENTES ACESSOS DE INHAMES COLETADOS NOS ESTADOS DE ALAGOAS E SERGIPE

The postharvest quality of different yam accessions was evaluated. The vegetable materials were collected in Alagoas and Sergipe, later the centesimal composition, physicochemical, and content of mineral elements were analyzed. After statistical analysis of the data, the accessions Dioscorea cayenensis and Dioscorea alata showed higher protein quality than the other genetic materials. Still, Dioscorea alata showed high levels of zinc, magnesium, and potassium. The results showed the best nutritional  quality in the accessions collected from Alagoas. However, there is little genetic variability in the accessions studied, evidencing the need to rescue materials traditionally used in the study region, which have been gradually disappearing.O inhame (Dioscorea spp.) é uma hortaliça que produz túberas de elevada importância socioeconômica para alimentação e agricultura familiar, principalmente na região Nordeste. Algumas espécies e variedades são cultivadas comercialmente com diferentes preferências pelos consumidores. Entretanto, apesar do gênero ser reconhecido por possuir alto valor nutricional e energético pouco se sabe sobre os diferentes materiais cultivados. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita de diferentes acessos de inhames (Dioscorea spp.). Os materiais vegetais foram coletados nos estados de Alagoas e Sergipe, foram posteriormente analisados quanto a composição físico-química e os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística descritiva e multivariada. Os acessos Dioscorea cayenensis e Dioscorea alata apresentaram qualidade proteica superior aos demais materiais genéticos. Ainda Dioscorea alata apresentou altos níveis de zinco, magnésio e potássio. De modo geral, pode-se concluir que os acessos provenientes do Estado de Alagoas apresentaram melhor qualidade nutricional, devido aos maiores teores de nutrientes, e ainda que há pouca variabilidade genética nos demais acessos estudados, evidenciando a necessidade de resgate desses materiais tradicionalmente utilizados nos locais de estudo e que vêm desaparecendo gradativamente. Palavras-chave: Dioscorea spp.; qualidade nutricional; alimentação humana; diversidade genética.   Postharvest quality of different yam accessions collected in the states of Alagoas and Sergipe, Brazil   ABSTRACT: Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is a vegetable that produces tubers of high socioeconomic importance for food and family farming, mainly in the Northeast region. Some species and varieties are grown commercially with different consumer preferences. However, despite the genus being recognized for having high nutritional and energetic value little is known about the different materials grown. Thus, the present work aimed to evaluate the postharvest quality of different accessions of yams (Dioscorea spp.). The plant materials were collected in the states of Alagoas and Sergipe, were later analyzed for their physical-chemical composition and the data were submitted to descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis. The accessions Dioscorea cayenensis and Dioscorea alata showed a higher protein quality than the other genetic materials. Dioscorea alata also presented high levels of zinc, magnesium, and potassium. In general, it can be concluded that the accessions from the state of Alagoas showed better nutritional quality, due to the higher levels of nutrients, and also that there is little genetic variability in the other accessions studied, showing the need to rescue from these materials traditionally used in the study sites and that is gradually disappearing. Keywords: Dioscorea spp.; nutritional quality; human nutrition; genetic diversity

Dry Biomass of the Amazonian Macrophyte Paspalun Repens for Evaluation as Adsorbent Material of Heavy Metals Zn and Cu

<div><p>The present work aims at the preliminary evaluation of the Paspalun repens macrophyte dry biomass adsorbent material of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) metals from water. The diversity of Species is due to the extensive aquatic environment where it is inserted. The Paspalun repens species comes from the Buiuçu lake located in the region of Parintins-Amazonas- Brazil. The macrophyte was dried in a mill and then a digestion through biomass microwaves was done before and after its exposure to the solutions containing different concentrations of zinc and copper (1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 3.00 mg mL-1 of metals) for a period of 48 hours. As a source of the metals, zinc sulfate (ZnSO4 7H2O) for zinc, and copper sulfate (CuSO4 5H2O) for copper were used as the source. As a result, the efficiency of Paspalun repens was observed in the metals removal, the highest removal percentage, of 29.67 and 37.07% in the leaves, whereas in the root it was 25.25 and 32.84% (at the concentration 1.0 and 2.0 mg/mL consequently), was of zinc, therefore the dry biomass of this species can be considered as a low cost alternative material in the removal of these heavy metals, contributing to the improvement of water quality.</p></div