Persistências e rupturas no estudo do Coronavírus após a epidemia da COVID-19

O presente artigo, partindo do conjunto de palavras-chave de mais de 500 artigos relacionados à família do coronavírus, com publicações ao longo de 20 anos (2002 – 2022) e a formação de redes semânticas, analisa tais redes em sua topologia e características, assim como o conjunto de análises sobre as centralidades de nós, com o objetivo de vislumbrar uma métrica que apontasse temas e autores que colaboraram no estudo dos coronavírus antes da pandemia, aqueles que vieram antes da pandemia, mas tiveram contribuição relevante ao longo da pandemia nos anos estudados e aqueles que se somaram nos pós start da pandemia. No geral, busca-se analisar as persistências e rupturas da comunidade acadêmica frente ao novo Sars-Cov-2.  Tal método se justifica como uma rota rápida e eficaz para filtrar bases teóricas e experimentais, pessoas e conhecimentos frente a um novo desafio, tal qual uma pandemia. Em linhas gerais, admite-se, neste trabalho, que palavras-chave são descritores importantes dos artigos publicados e, assim sendo, também cumprem um papel relevante como indicadores da agenda de pesquisa da comunidade de ciência. Percebe-se que as redes semânticas formadas por palavras-chave dos artigos selecionados mostraram aqui uma topologia com fortes características de uma rede mundo pequeno, o que evidencia uma forte ligação entre uma palavra-chave qualquer e sua vizinhança

Emprego de anticoncepcionais por uma população brasileira

A group of 245 married women from Mogi das Cruzes (State of S. Paulo, Brazil were questioned about the use of contraceptive practices, past obstetric history, child mortality, and attitude toward birth control. Answers were classified according to age and family earnings. Only 49% of these women practiced contraception, 42% of which used the "pill". There was a positive correlation between the practice of birth control and wage levels, and contraception was like-wise more common in the younger age groups. The natality was reduced considerably in those women who availed themselves of contraception and also it was observed a drastic decrease in the number of abortions and in child mortality. This effect was more pronounced in those who used the anovulatory drugs.Um grupo de 245 mulheres moradoras em Mogi das Cruzes (Estado de S. Paulo, Brasil) foi questionado com relação ao uso de anticoncepcionais, história obstétrica, mortalidade infantil e atitudes correlacionadas com a limitação da natalidade. As respostas foram classificadas segundo idade e nível de renda da informante. Apenas 49% das mulheres empregavam medidas anticoncepcionais, das quais 42% recorriam aos anovulatórios. Esta prática era mais freqüente entre as mulheres jovens, e aquelas pertencentes às famílias melhores situadas economicamente. Não só era mais baixa a natalidade nas mulheres que se valiam de anticoncepcionais, mas esta prática acompanhava-se de sensível redução no número de abortos e da mortalidade infantil. O efeito foi mais pronunciado entre aquelas que empregavam os anovulatórios

Differences in the Distribution of Peripheral Blood Leukocyte and Lymphocyte Subsets in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

Introduction: It has been suggested that individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis can eliminate the infection through the innate immune response without the participation of the acquired immunity. However, T helper type 1 immune response is critical to control persistent infection. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and positive Tuberculin Skin Test (TST). Methodology: In order to achieve that goal, we have collected blood sample from thirty-four treatment-naïve TB patients, fifty TST-positive and forty-one TST-negative individuals. Results: The evaluation has shown a significant reduction in the number of total lymphocytes, B cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and percentage increase of NK cells, neutrophils and monocytes in TB patients, when compared to TSTpositive and TST-negative individuals. There was no statistical difference for leucocyte and lymphocyte subsets between TST-positive and TST-negative groups. Peripheral blood white cell counts change significantly at diagnosis. Conclusion: The quantification of these cells may support the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis

Interferon-gamma release assay performance in northeastern Brazil: influence of the IFNG+874 A>T polymorphism

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-08-13T14:13:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Carneiro VL Interferon-gamma release assay ....pdf: 865425 bytes, checksum: 49fe950c24d031c54cbc006fce65c921 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2018-08-13T14:23:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Carneiro VL Interferon-gamma release assay ....pdf: 865425 bytes, checksum: 49fe950c24d031c54cbc006fce65c921 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T14:23:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carneiro VL Interferon-gamma release assay ....pdf: 865425 bytes, checksum: 49fe950c24d031c54cbc006fce65c921 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (INCT-DT/MCT/CNPq 573839/2008-5) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia (PET035/2013).Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade do Estado da Bahia. Departamento de Ciências da Vida. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Universidade do Estado da Bahia. Departamento de Ciências da Vida. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação José Silveira. Instituto Brasileiro para a Investigação da Tuberculose. Salvador, BA, BrazilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Salvador, BA, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, BrasilLatent tuberculosis infection diagnosis based on the release of interferon-gamma in cultures of peripheral blood cells stimulated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens has replaced the tuberculin skin test in many countries with low tuberculosis prevalence. The IFN-γ production can be influenced by genetic polymorphisms, of which the IFNG+874 (rs62559044) locus is the most studied. We investigated the possible influence of the IFNG+874 A/T polymorphism on interferon-gamma test performance. Methods: Patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (75), volunteers with positivetuberculin skin test (70) and healthy volunteers with negative tuberculin skin test and no his-tory of contact with tuberculosis (57) were evaluated regarding the IFNG + 874 genotype andthe IFN- levels in whole blood cultures performed using an interferon-gamma commercialkit (QuantiFERON-TB®Gold In-Tube).Results: IFN- production was not influenced by the IFNG + 874 genotype, regardless of anti-gen or mitogen-based stimulation, which suggests that other genes may influence IFN- production in response to mycobacteria. The IFNG + 874 polymorphism was found to exertno influence over QFT-IT test sensitivity in our study

Interferon-gamma release assay performance in northeastern Brazil: influence of the IFNG + 874 A>T polymorphism

ABSTRACT Introduction Latent tuberculosis infection diagnosis based on the release of interferon-gamma in cultures of peripheral blood cells stimulated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens has replaced the tuberculin skin test in many countries with low tuberculosis prevalence. The IFN-γ production can be influenced by genetic polymorphisms, of which the IFNG + 874 (rs62559044) locus is the most studied. We investigated the possible influence of the IFNG + 874 A/T polymorphism on interferon-gamma test performance. Methods Patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (75), volunteers with positive tuberculin skin test (70) and healthy volunteers with negative tuberculin skin test and no history of contact with tuberculosis (57) were evaluated regarding the IFNG + 874 genotype and the IFN-γ levels in whole blood cultures performed using an interferon-gamma commercial kit (QuantiFERON-TB® Gold In-Tube). Results IFN-γ production was not influenced by the IFNG + 874 genotype, regardless of antigen or mitogen-based stimulation, which suggests that other genes may influence IFN-γ production in response to mycobacteria. The IFNG + 874 polymorphism was found to exert no influence over QFT-IT test sensitivity in our study. Conclusions The IFNG + 874 polymorphism was not shown to influence QuantiFERON-TB® Gold In-Tube test performance in an admixed population from northeastern Brazil

Emprego de anticoncepcionais por uma população brasileira Use of contraceptive practices by a Brazilian population

Um grupo de 245 mulheres moradoras em Mogi das Cruzes (Estado de S. Paulo, Brasil) foi questionado com relação ao uso de anticoncepcionais, história obstétrica, mortalidade infantil e atitudes correlacionadas com a limitação da natalidade. As respostas foram classificadas segundo idade e nível de renda da informante. Apenas 49% das mulheres empregavam medidas anticoncepcionais, das quais 42% recorriam aos anovulatórios. Esta prática era mais freqüente entre as mulheres jovens, e aquelas pertencentes às famílias melhores situadas economicamente. Não só era mais baixa a natalidade nas mulheres que se valiam de anticoncepcionais, mas esta prática acompanhava-se de sensível redução no número de abortos e da mortalidade infantil. O efeito foi mais pronunciado entre aquelas que empregavam os anovulatórios.<br>A group of 245 married women from Mogi das Cruzes (State of S. Paulo, Brazil were questioned about the use of contraceptive practices, past obstetric history, child mortality, and attitude toward birth control. Answers were classified according to age and family earnings. Only 49% of these women practiced contraception, 42% of which used the "pill". There was a positive correlation between the practice of birth control and wage levels, and contraception was like-wise more common in the younger age groups. The natality was reduced considerably in those women who availed themselves of contraception and also it was observed a drastic decrease in the number of abortions and in child mortality. This effect was more pronounced in those who used the anovulatory drugs