Allometric shell growth in infaunal burrowing bivalves: Examples of the archiheterodonts Claibornicardia paleopatagonica (Ihering, 1903) and Crassatella kokeni Ihering, 1899

We present two cases of study of ontogenetic allometry in outlines of bivalves using longitudinal data, a rarity among fossils, based on the preserved post-larval record of shells. The examples are two infaunal burrowing bivalves of the southern South America, Claibornicardia paleopatagonica (Archiheterodonta: Carditidae) (early Paleocene) and Crassatella kokeni (Archiheterodonta: Crassatellidae) (late Oligocene-late Miocene). Outline analyses were conducted using a geometric morphometric approach (Elliptic Fourier Analysis), obtaining successive outlines from shells' growth lines, which were used to reconstruct ontogenetic trajectories. In both taxa, ontogenetic changes are characterized by the presence of positive allometry in the extension of posterior end, resulting in elongated adult shells. This particular allometric growth is known in others infaunal burrowing bivalves (Claibornicardia alticostata and some Spissatella species) and the resulting adult morphology is present in representatives of several groups (e.g., Carditidae, Crassatellidae, Veneridae, Trigoniidae). Taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary implications of this allometric growth pattern are discussed.Fil: Perez, Damián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; ArgentinaFil: Santelli, María Belén. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; Argentin

Commentary on A Tale of Two States

While both California and Texas have experienced declines in teen birth rates over the past three decades, declines in California have been larger, particularly among Hispanic teens. Differences in state policies may have shaped this disparity, as suggested by Tortolero and her colleagues in their article “A Tale of Two States: What We Learn from California and Texas”. Fundamental differences exist between Texas and California in their approaches to sex education, access to family planning services for teens, and public-private partnerships. However, methodological challenges are present when drawing state comparisons, including the limitations of available public health data and the difficulty of disaggregating state characteristics from state policies. Based on their comparison of state data and policies, Tortolero and her colleagues issue sensible recommendations for reducing the teen birth rate in Texas. History suggests that state policies are most effective when political commitment is linked to scientifically effective approaches. Based on our understanding of the scientific literature, the most effective strategies for reducing rates of teen childbearing in Texas would be providing comprehensive school sexuality education and improving teen access to contraceptive services

RECENZIJA KNJIGE Patrick Todd OPEN FUTURE: WHY FUTURE CONTINGENTS ARE ALL FALSE

BOOK REVIEW Patrick Todd, OPEN FUTURE: WHY FUTURE CONTINGENTS ARE ALL FALSE, Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, 2021 Print ISBN: 9780192897916, Online ISBN: 9780191919497, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897916.001.0001 Hardcover, $70.00, e-book,$69.99RECENZIJA KNJIGE Patrick Todd, OPEN FUTURE: WHY FUTURE CONTINGENTS ARE ALL FALSE, Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, 2021 Print ISBN: 9780192897916, Online ISBN: 9780191919497, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897916.001.0001 Hardcover, $70.00, e-book,$69.9

RECENZIJA KNJIGE Patrick Todd OPEN FUTURE: WHY FUTURE CONTINGENTS ARE ALL FALSE

BOOK REVIEW Patrick Todd, OPEN FUTURE: WHY FUTURE CONTINGENTS ARE ALL FALSE, Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, 2021 Print ISBN: 9780192897916, Online ISBN: 9780191919497, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897916.001.0001 Hardcover, $70.00, e-book,$69.99RECENZIJA KNJIGE Patrick Todd, OPEN FUTURE: WHY FUTURE CONTINGENTS ARE ALL FALSE, Oxford University Press, United Kingdom, 2021 Print ISBN: 9780192897916, Online ISBN: 9780191919497, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192897916.001.0001 Hardcover, $70.00, e-book,$69.9

Ne pas se sentir discriminé : une analyse des parcours atypiques au croisement d’une analyse micro et macro

Cet article se propose de réfléchir aux conditions sociales permettant d’expliquer pourquoi l’expérience du sentiment d’être discriminés est absente des parcours professionnels de certains individus d’origine maghrébine. Axée sur les résultats de plusieurs enquêtes, cette contribution se présente comme une synthèse visant à saisir les processus de socialisation déterminants. Elle tente à la fois de décrire comment les parcours s’élaborent entre ressources héritées et opportunités saisies, et de considérer les différents niveaux de l’analyse (du niveau micro au niveau macro des trajectoires sociales). La comparaison entre individus d’âges différents permet également de souligner les changements intervenus entre deux générations de descendants d’immigrés maghrébins. En effet, les transformations en cours dans la société française, tant dans le domaine de l’emploi que de la ségrégation résidentielle, ont des répercussions qui risquent d’avoir pour effet une moindre probabilité à devenir cadre parmi la jeune génération des descendants d’immigrés.This article is intended as a reflection on the social conditions that explain the absence of the feeling of being discriminated against in the professional careers of some individuals of North-African origin. Revolving around the results of several investigations, this contribution is presented as a summary aiming to understand the determining processes of socialisation.This research tries to describe how careers are developed between inherited resources and opportunities taken, while at the same time considering the different levels of analysis, rom the micro-level to the macro-level of social trajectories. Comparison between individuals of various ages also allows us to emphasize the changes that occurred between two generations of descendants of North-African immigrants. Current transformations in French society, both within the spheres of employment and of residential segregation, are actually reducing the probability that people of the younger generation descended from immigrants will become executives.Este artículo se propone reflexionar sobre las condiciones sociales que permiten explicar porqué la experiencia del sentimiento de ser discriminado está ausente de la trayectoria profesional de algunos individuos de origen magrebino. Orientada hacia los resultados de varias investigaciones, esta contribución se presenta como una síntesis destinada a entender los procesos de socialización determinantes.El artículo intenta a la vez describir cómo las trayectorias se elaboran entre recursos heredados y oportunidades aprovechadas, y se consideran los distintos niveles de análisis (del nivel micro al nivel macro de las trayectorias sociales). La comparación entre individuos de edades diferentes permite también destacar los cambios producidos entre dos generaciones de descendientes de inmigrantes magrebíes. En efecto, las transformaciones en curso en la sociedad francesa, tanto en el ámbito del empleo como de la segregación residencial, tienen repercusiones que corren el riesgo de tener como efecto una menor probabilidad de convertirse en ejecutivo entre la joven generación de los descendientes de inmigrantes

Archetypes for histogram-valued data

Il principale sviluppo innovativo del lavoro è quello di propone una estensione dell'analisi archetipale per dati ad istogramma. Per quanto concerne l'impianto metodologico nell'approccio all'analisi di dati ad istogramma, che sono di natura complessa, il presente lavora utilizza le intuizioni della "Symbolic Data Analysis" (SDA) e le relazioni intrinseche tra dati valutati ad intervallo e dati valutati ad istogramma. Dopo aver discusso la tecnica sviluppata in ambiente Matlab, il suo funzionamento e le sue proprietà su di un esempio di comodo, tale tecnica viene proposta, nella sezione applicativa, come strumento per effettuare una analisi di tipo "benchmarking" quantitativo. Nello specifico, si propongono i principali risultati ottenuti da una applicazione degli archetipi per dati ad istogramma ad un caso di benchmarking interno del sistema scolastico, utilizzando dati provenienti dal test INVALSI relativi all'anno scolastico 2015/2016. In questo contesto l'unità di analisi è considerata essere la singola scuola, definita operativamente attraverso le distribuzioni dei punteggi dei propri alunni valutate, congiuntamente, sotto forma di oggetti simbolici ad istogramma

Marks: The Adorned self

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The Power of Images

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Do Abstinence-Plus Interventions Reduce Sexual Risk Behavior among Youth?

The authors discuss the policy questions arising from a new study on "abstinence-plus" interventions for reducing HIV risk behavior among youth in high-income countries