Invasive Species in the Amazon

One of the main reasons for environmental disturbances such as declination in pasture productivity and biodiversity losses is the high infestation of herbaceous weeds, generally referred to as “Juquira” in the Amazon region. If they are not adequately controlled, such infestation might lead to degradation of pasture, resulting in complete loss of productivity and subsequent abandonment of the area. In this sense, this chapter aims to describe the main invasive species present in the Amazon region, as well as to characterize both the old and innovative techniques of use in agriculture, in large and small scale, for the control of agricultural pests

TÉCNICAS, RESTRIÇÕES, MECANISMOS DE AÇÃO E POSSÍVEIS COMPLICAÇÕES ASSOCIADAS À ARTROCENTESE NA ÁREA DE CIRURGIA BUCOMAXILOFACIAL.

In recent years, research has been carried out to establish standardized protocols for arthrocentesis in temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The objective of this research is to determine the appropriate use and methodology for these minimally invasive and low-cost techniques, which can be performed with or without sedation under local anesthesia. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review the various arthrocentesis techniques used in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders, along with their restrictions, potential mechanisms of action and complications. To carry out this study, electronic searches were carried out in bibliographic databases such as PubMed, Scielo, BVS and Google Scholar, focusing on articles published between 2015 and 2024. Only articles written in English and Portuguese were included, while those were not related to the topic or those who had promises to pay were excluded. In conclusion, further research is possible to determine which arthrocentesis technique provides the greatest benefits with minimal risks to the patient's health and well-being, given that all of the techniques described in this study have their pros and cons. It is up to the Dental Surgeon to take responsibility and study which technique will be best for his patient.Nos últimos anos, pesquisas foram realizadas para estabelecer protocolos padronizados para artrocentes em disfunções temporomandibulares (DTM). O objetivo desta pesquisa é determinar a utilização e metodologia adequadas para essas técnicas minimamente invasivas e de baixo custo, que podem ser realizadas com ou sem sedação sob anestesia local. Portanto, pretende-se, através deste estudo, revisar as diversas técnicas de artrocentese utilizadas nas disfunções da articulação temporomandibular (ATM), juntamente com suas restrições, mecanismos potenciais de ação e complicações. Para a realização deste estudo, foram realizadas pesquisas eletrônicas em bases de dados bibliográficas como PubMed, Scielo, BVS e Google Scholar, com foco em artigos publicados entre 2015 e 2024. Foram incluídos apenas artigos escritos em inglês e português, enquanto aqueles não estavam  relacionados ao tema ou que tivessem promessas de pagamento foram excluídas. Concluindo, mais pesquisas são possíveis para determinar qual técnica de artrocentese proporciona os maiores benefícios com riscos mínimos para a saúde e o bem-estar do paciente, tendo em vista que todas as técnicas descritas neste estudo tem seus prós e contras. Cabe ao Cirurgião Dentista se responsabilizar e estudar sobre qual técnica será melhor para o seu paciente

IMPACTOS DO ABUSO SEXUAL INFANTIL E O PAPEL DO CIRURGIÃO-DENTISTA NA DETECÇÃO PRECOCE DESTA CONDIÇÃO.

The act of engaging a child in sexual activity without their full understanding or ability to provide informed consent is what constitutes child sexual abuse. It is essential that dental surgeons who treat children and adolescent patients are attentive to identifying indicators and behaviors that may indicate abuse, leading to legal consequences for the aggressor. With this objective in mind, the present study seeks to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing literature on dental benefits in cases where child sexual abuse is suspected. After conducting a comprehensive review of the literature, it became evident that child sexual abuse is a social problem that often goes unreported, resulting in physical and psychological harm to the victim. It is essential to carefully evaluate any suggestive injuries, especially those occurring in the head and neck region, considering the child's report and, if necessary, interviewing their guardian separately. Furthermore, it is crucial to establish support systems to help victims' mental and social recovery.O ato de envolver uma criança em atividades sexuais sem a sua plena  compreensão ou capacidade de fornecer consentimento informado é o que constitui abuso sexual infantil. É fundamental que os cirurgiões-dentistas que atendem pacientes infanto-juvenil estejam atentos à identificação de indicadores e comportamentos que possam indicar abuso, acarretando consequências jurídicas para o agressor. Com este objetivo em mente, o presente estudo busca fornecer uma visão abrangente da literatura existente sobre a beneficiencia odontológica em casos em que há suspeitas de abuso sexual infantil. Após a realização de uma revisão abrangente da literatura, ficou evidente que o abuso sexual infantil é um problema social que muitas vezes não é denunciado, resultando em danos físicos e psicológicos para a vítima. É fundamental avaliar cuidadosamente quaisquer lesões sugestivas, especialmente aquelas que ocorrem na região da cabeça e pescoço, considerando o relato da criança e, se necessário, entrevistando seu responsável separadamente. Além disso, é crucial estabelecer sistemas de apoio para ajudar na recuperação mental e social das vítimas

O uso da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico como um método eficaz para avaliação de fraturas radiculares: Uma revisão da literatura

  The occurrence of dental fractures is characterized by the rupture of dental tissue, resulting in a visible line of discontinuity that can manifest itself in different orientations. The objective of this study is to seek an answer, through the literature, whether cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) can be used to diagnose root fractures (RF). To answer this question, an extensive literature review was carried out using electronic databases. Search terms included “cone beam computed tomography,” “endodontics,” “root fracture,” and their corresponding English equivalents. Only articles relevant to the topic and published between 2015 and 2024 were selected. The results indicate that CBCT is the most effective imaging technique for detecting RF, with an ideal size, producing ideal results. However, it is essential that the Dental Surgeon (DC) acquires knowledge about the examination process to accurately interpret the results and determine when it is necessary to request a CT scan.  A ocorrência de fraturas dentárias é caracterizada pela ruptura do tecido dentário, resultando em uma linha visível de descontinuidade que pode se manifestar em diversas orientações. O objetivo deste estudo é buscar responder, por meio da literatura, se a  tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) pode ser utilizada para o diagnóstico de fraturas radiculares (FR). Para responder a esta questão, foi realizada uma extensa revisão da literatura utilizando bases de dados eletrônicos. Os termos de pesquisa incluíram “tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico”, “endodontia”, “fratura radicular” e seus equivalentes em inglês correspondente. Foram selecionados apenas artigos relevantes ao tema e publicados entre 2015 e 2024. Os resultados indicam que o TCFC é a técnica de imagem mais eficaz para detectar FR, com um tamanho ideal, produzindo resultados ideais. Porém, é fundamental que o Cirurgião-Dentista (CD) adquira conhecimento sobre o processo do exame para interpretar com precisão os resultados e determinar quando é necessário solicitar uma tomografia computadorizada

AS RESINAS COMPOSTAS INJETÁVEIS COMO UMA OPÇÃO RESTAURADA VIÁVEL EM ODONTOLOGIA, FORNECENDO UMA SOLUÇÃO PARA RESTAURAR FORMA, FUNÇÃO E ESTÉTICA: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA.

With the focus on preventive dentistry and the increasing search for less invasive treatments, research has been carried out to replace traditional composite resins and, thus, minimize the development of excessive wear, thus making injectable composite resin a first-choice option. This study aims to explore the use of injectable products in dentistry, their mechanisms of action, prescription, benefits and limitations through a literature review to better guide their rational use in dental clinics. The studies available in the database were reviewed using previously selected descriptors. The application of injectable composite resin has been shown to be an excellent option for professionals, as its insertion allows the prevention of healthy injured tissue due to the simplicity of the technique, in addition to reducing the recurrence of immediate wear. The use of injectable products is very promising, as it can provide multiple benefits to professionals and patients, as long as the product is handled and administered correctly.Com o foco na odontologia preventiva e a busca cada vez maior por tratamentos menos invasivos, pesquisas têm sido realizadas para substituir as resinas compostas tradicionais e, assim , minimizar o desenvolvimento de desgastes excessivos, tornando assim a resina composta injetável uma opção de primeira escolha. Este estudo tem como objetivo explorar o uso de produtos injetáveis ​​em odontologia, seus mecanismos de ação, prescrição, benefícios e limitações por meio de uma revisão de literatura para melhor orientar seu uso racional em clínicas odontológicas. Os estudos disponíveis na base de dados foram revisados ​​utilizando descritores previamente selecionados. A aplicação de resina composta injetável tem se mostrado uma excelente opção diante dos profissionais, pois sua inserção permite prevenir o tecido lesionado sadio pela simplicidade da técnica, além de reduzir a recorrência de desgaste imediato. O uso de produtos injetáveis ​​é muito promissor, pois pode proporcionar múltiplos benefícios aos profissionais e pacientes, desde que o produto tenha seu manejo e administração corretas

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost