QoL in ageing. Transcultural testing of a multidimensional, objective-subjective model: Spain - Mexico

Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Psicología, Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud. Fecha de lectura: 26-03-201

A training intervention to reduce paternalistic care and promote autonomy: A preliminary study

Introduction: Paternalism, assuming control of aged care, is a widespread orientation in older adults care. Paternalistic attitudes and practices are commonly understood as a threat to the freedom and autonomy of a person, making patients more dependent. Therefore, the reduction of these attitudes and behaviors is a primary goal for any older adult health and social care situation. The aim of this preliminary study is to develop a behavioral intervention to decrease paternalistic behaviors in formal caregivers and to increase those care behaviors which promote autonomy at post-intervention (1 week) and at follow-up (14 weeks). Methods: A sample of 118 professional caregiver volunteers working in day care centers and nursing homes were assigned to quasi-experimental (N=47) and control (N=71) conditions. The intervention consisted of 3 weekly group sessions. Individual and contextual measures were collected: 1) the primary outcome variable was the type of care (paternalistic versus autonomist) measured through the self-report Paternalist/Autonomist Care Assessment (PACA); 2) A 10-item caregiver self-register of paternalistic behaviors was carried out, 3) Finally, in order to assess the potential effects on observed behavior both in caregiver and older adult functioning at a contextual level, the five institutions were assessed through the SERA-RS. Results: Compared with the control group, caregivers in the behavioral intervention group displayed significantly lower paternalistic appraisals at posttest and follow-up. Regarding the intervention group, caregivers at posttest and follow-up showed significantly greater occurrence of autonomist behaviors being promoted and lower paternalistic appraisal. The results regarding the effect on the institutions showed better personnel performance and older adult functioning. Conclusion: Caregivers who followed the intervention learned to better identify older adult needs; although we did not find significant differences in autonomy occurrence compared with the control group, a behavioral intervention may promote more autonomist environments and, therefore, better personnel and older adult functioningThis study has been supported by MINECO Project: PSSI2014-5264-P-ICESEN

Policubos

Esta propuesta está diseñada para llevarse a cabo tanto en el cuarto curso de educación primaria como en quinto. No obstante, con las modificaciones oportunas, se podría aplicar a cualquiera de los seis cursos de la educación primaria. El objetivo es que los alumnos desarrollen la noción de volumen ocupado, su conservación e introducción a la medida utilizando los policubos

Lay Concept of Aging Well According to Age: A ReAnalysis

Thus, as the document Futurage (2011), published as a Research Road Map in Europe, stated: “there is an urgent need to explore through multi-disciplinary and multi-country studies, involving qualitative and quantitative components, how older people themselves define healthy aging, including the oldest old.”Peer Reviewe

Ovarian transcriptomic analysis reveals differential expression genes associated with cell death process after selection for ovulation rate in rabbits

[EN] Transcriptomic analysis showed nineteen potential biomarkers in ovarian tissue from females belonged to a rabbit line selected for ovulation rate for 10 generations and the control line. These females differed not only in ovulation rate but also in prenatal survival since similar litter size were observed. Litter size is an essential trait in rabbit meat production but with low heritability. A selection experiment for ovulation rate has been performed for 10 generations to improve litter size in rabbits. The selected line increased two ova more than the control line but nevertheless a negative correlation was observed with prenatal survival. A transcriptomic study was performed, using microarrays, in ovarian tissue from females belonging to the selected line and the control line. Our results showed 1357 differential expressed genes and nineteen potential biomarkers associated with prenatal mortality, which could explain differences between litter size in rabbits. Cell death was the most relevant process.This research was supported by MEC (AGL2014-55921-C2-1-P) and Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo 2009/125).Serna-García, M.; Peiró Barber, RM.; Serna, E.; Santacreu Jerez, MA. (2020). Ovarian transcriptomic analysis reveals differential expression genes associated with cell death process after selection for ovulation rate in rabbits. Animals. 10(10):1-11. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101924S1111010Laborda, P., Mocé, M. L., Blasco, A., & Santacreu, M. A. (2012). Selection for ovulation rate in rabbits: Genetic parameters and correlated responses on survival rates1. Journal of Animal Science, 90(2), 439-446. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-4219Laborda, P., Mocé, M. L., Santacreu, M. A., & Blasco, A. (2011). Selection for ovulation rate in rabbits: Genetic parameters, direct response, and correlated response on litter size1. Journal of Animal Science, 89(10), 2981-2987. doi:10.2527/jas.2011-3906Laborda, P., Santacreu, M. A., Blasco, A., & Mocé, M. L. (2012). 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Ser 15 of WEE1B is a potential PKA phosphorylation target in G2/M transition in one-cell stage mouse embryos. Molecular Medicine Reports, 7(6), 1929-1937. doi:10.3892/mmr.2013.1437Han, S. J., Chen, R., Paronetto, M. P., & Conti, M. (2005). Wee1B Is an Oocyte-Specific Kinase Involved in the Control of Meiotic Arrest in the Mouse. Current Biology, 15(18), 1670-1676. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2005.07.056Nakanishi, M., Ando, H., Watanabe, N., Kitamura, K., Ito, K., Okayama, H., … Sasaki, M. (2000). Identification and characterization of human Wee1B, a new member of the Wee1 family of Cdk-inhibitory kinases. Genes to Cells, 5(10), 839-847. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2443.2000.00367.xOh, J. S., Susor, A., & Conti, M. (2011). Protein Tyrosine Kinase Wee1B Is Essential for Metaphase II Exit in Mouse Oocytes. Science, 332(6028), 462-465. doi:10.1126/science.1199211Castedo, M., Perfettini, J.-L., Roumier, T., & Kroemer, G. (2002). Cyclin-dependent kinase-1: linking apoptosis to cell cycle and mitotic catastrophe. Cell Death & Differentiation, 9(12), 1287-1293. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401130Golsteyn, R. M. (2005). Cdk1 and Cdk2 complexes (cyclin dependent kinases) in apoptosis: a role beyond the cell cycle. Cancer Letters, 217(2), 129-138. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2004.08.005Gu, L., Zheng, H., Murray, S. A., Ying, H., & Jim Xiao, Z.-X. (2003). Deregulation of Cdc2 kinase induces caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 302(2), 384-391. doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00189-xSandal, T., Stapnes, C., Kleivdal, H., Hedin, L., & Døskeland, S. O. (2002). A Novel, Extraneuronal Role for Cyclin-dependent Protein Kinase 5 (CDK5). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 277(23), 20783-20793. doi:10.1074/jbc.m112248200Oh, J. S., Susor, A., Schindler, K., Schultz, R. M., & Conti, M. (2013). Cdc25A activity is required for the metaphase II arrest in mouse oocytes. Journal of Cell Science. doi:10.1242/jcs.115592Orciani, M., Trubiani, O., Guarnieri, S., Ferrero, E., & Di Primio, R. (2008). CD38 is constitutively expressed in the nucleus of human hematopoietic cells. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 105(3), 905-912. doi:10.1002/jcb.21887Partidá-Sánchez, S., Rivero-Nava, L., Shi, G., & Lund, F. E. (s. f.). CD38: An Ecto-Enzyme at the Crossroads of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses. Crossroads between Innate and Adaptive Immunity, 171-183. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-34814-8_12Wang, L.-F., Miao, L.-J., Wang, X.-N., Huang, C.-C., Qian, Y.-S., Huang, X., … Xin, H.-B. (2017). CD38 deficiency suppresses adipogenesis and lipogenesis in adipose tissues through activating Sirt1/PPARγ signaling pathway. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 22(1), 101-110. doi:10.1111/jcmm.13297Sun, L., Iqbal, J., Zaidi, S., Zhu, L.-L., Zhang, X., Peng, Y., … Zaidi, M. (2006). Structure and functional regulation of the CD38 promoter. 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Enfoque de los proyectos de cooperación en la minería artesanal y pequeña minería

Desde hace cuatro años el departamento de Enginyeria Minera i Recursos Naturals realiza actividades de cooperación con la pequeña minería en diferentes países, especialmente de Latinoamérica. Esto ha llevado a la creación de la ONG Minería para el Desarrollo. En el marco de esta ONG se han realizado diversos proyectos de cooperación en Peru y uno en Angola, parcialmente financiados por el CCD (Centre de Cooperació per al Desenvolupament) de la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. La realización de los diferentes proyectos de cooperación en el campo de la minería artesanal y pequeña minería en diferentes emplazamientos geográficos ha dejado ver que los ámbitos de actuación de las ONGs vienen dados por el ciclo mismo de la explotación minera: por la importancia de la geología y minería durante las fases de exploración e investigación, así como para el cálculo de reservas según la ley de mercado y la ingeniería de minas para el óptimo diseño de la explotación, que minimice riesgos, maximice ganancias y sea más tolerable con el entorno. Estos proyectos se generan en el marco de programas de desarrollo social-organizativo, legal, técnico ambiental y empresarial. Para que se realicen con éxito deben crear mecanismos que permitan a la contraparte local expresar sus necesidades, crear condiciones que permitan salir a esta minería de la informalidad, abrir el camino para un crecimiento económico del sector e introducir correctas técnicas ambientales tolerantes con el entorno.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Active aging promotion: results from the Vital Aging Program

Active aging is one of the terms in the semantic network of aging well, together with others such as successful, productive, competent aging. All allude to the new paradigm in gerontology, where by aging is considered from a positive perspective. Most authors in the field agree active aging is a multidimensional concept, embracing health, physical and cognitive fitness, positive affect and control, social relationships and engagement. This paper describes Vital Aging, an individual active aging promotion program implemented through three modalities: Life, Multimedia, and e-Learning. The program was developed on the basis of extensive evidence about individual determinants of active aging. e different versions of Vital Aging are described, and four evaluation studies (both formative and summative) are reported. Formative evaluation reflected participants's satisfaction and expected changes; summative evaluations yielded some quite encouraging results using quasi-experimental designs: those who took part in the programs increased their physical exercise, signicantly improved their diet, reported better memory, had better emotional balance, and enjoyed more cultural, intellectual, affective, and social activities than they did before the course, thus increasing their social relationships. These results are discussed in the context of the common literature within the field and, also, taking into .account the limitations of the evaluations accomplished.Vital Aging Programs were sponsored by the Institute for Older Adults and Social Services (IMSERSO-UAM Agreements 1997-00), the Socrates Minerva Program of the European Commission (AGE-LL-C, 2001-03), and the UAM Santander Research Program for Latin America (PUM-e 2011)

¿Cómo es tu cole?

¿Cómo es tu cole? es el título del proyecto de trabajo que tiene como finalidad la creación de una maqueta a escala del propio centro. Esta propuesta va dirigida a niños entre 11 y 12 años, alumnos de sexto de primaria. La elección de este proyecto se debe a que consideramos que los conceptos que permite trabajar son demasiado abstractos por lo que se pretende que los alumnos manipulen y se pongan en contacto con los contenidos de escala y maqueta. En este proyecto se proponen unas tareas donde los alumnos pueden dotar de significado al concepto de escala a traves de un aprendizaje por descubrimiento, lo cual supondrá mayor interes e implicación por parte de los alumnos, así como la consolidacion de una base solida de conocimiento. Además, esta propuesta se puede plantear para introducir dicho concepto o para afianzarlo

Por el polideportivo

La ruta matemática en el polideportivo que se va a desarrollar a lo largo del trabajo, ha sido propuesta para los estudiantes de sexto curso. La presente ruta está disefiada para poder trabajar diferentes contenidos, por un lado estan los contenidos de consolidación, es decir, aquellos conceptos que los alumnos ya han estudiado y, por tanto, se pretende los que recuerden y practiquen en situaciones reales. Por otro lado, también se trabajan los contenidos de construcción, estos son aquellos conceptos que todavía no han trabajado los discentes y, por tanto, a traves de situaciones reales se les pretende iniciar, todo ello a traves de una serie de tareas donde los alumnos trabajarán tanto de forma individual como de manera cooperativa y dialogica, con el objetivo de conseguir un aprendizaje significativo a la par que una solida base de conocimiento. Para ello, se ha de tener en cuenta que los alumnos antes de llevar a cabo esta ruta, anteriormente habrán estudiado en clase los siguientes contenidos: las áreas de distintas figuras geométricas, las simetrías, la definición de diagonal, el tratamiento de la información, la media, la moda y la capacidad y el volumen

Active Aging Promotion: Results from the Vital Aging

Active aging is one of the terms in the semantic network of aging well, together with others such as successful, productive, competent aging. All allude to the new paradigm in gerontology, whereby aging is considered from a positive perspective. Most authors in the field agree active aging is a multidimensional concept, embracing health, physical and cognitive fitness, positive affect and control, social relationships and engagement. This paper describes Vital Aging, an individual active aging promotion program implemented through three modalities: Life, Multimedia, and e-Learning. The program was developed on the basis of extensive evidence about individual determinants of active aging. The different versions of Vital Aging are described, and four evaluation studies (both formative and summative) are reported. Formative evaluation reflected participants’ satisfaction and expected changes; summative evaluations yielded some quite encouraging results using quasi-experimental designs: those who took part in the programs increased their physical exercise, significantly improved their diet, reported better memory, had better emotional balance, and enjoyed more cultural, intellectual, affective, and social activities than they did before the course, thus increasing their social relationships. These results are discussed in the context of the common literature within the field and, also, taking into account the limitations of the evaluations accomplished