Efectos de la inhibición no selectiva de los receptores de endotelina (ETa y ETb) en la formación de tejido neointimal tras angioplastia coronaria en un modelo porcino

Tesis de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 04-06-2003Fac. de MedicinaTRUEpu

Ivabradine-Stimulated Microvesicle Release Induces Cardiac Protection against Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Ivabradine can reduce heart rate through inhibition of the current I(f ) by still unexplored mechanisms. In a porcine model of ischemia reperfusion (IR), we found that treatment with 0.3 mg/kg Ivabradine increased plasma release of microvesicles (MVs) over Placebo, as detected by flow cytometry of plasma isolated from pigs 7 days after IR, in which a tenfold increase of Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer (EMMPRIN) containing (both high and low-glycosylated) MVs, was detected in response to Ivabradine. The source of MVs was investigated, finding a 37% decrease of CD31+ endothelial cell derived MVs, while CD41+ platelet MVs remained unchanged. By contrast, Ivabradine induced the release of HCN4+ (mostly cardiac) MVs. While no differences respect to EMMPRIN as a cargo component were found in endothelial and platelet derived MVs, Ivabradine induced a significant release of EMMPRIN+/HCN4+ MVs by day 7 after IR. To test the role of EMMPRIN+ cardiacMVs (EMCMV), H9c2 cellmonolayers were incubated for 24 h with 107 EMCMVs, reducing apoptosis, and increasing 2 times cell proliferation and 1.5 times cell migration. The in vivo contribution of Ivabradine-induced plasma MVs was also tested, in which 108 MVs isolated from the plasma of pigs treated with Ivabradine or Placebo 7 days after IR, were injected in pigs under IR, finding a significant cardiac protection by increasing left ventricle ejection fraction and a significant reduction of the necrotic area. In conclusion ivabradine induces cardiac protection by increasing at least the release of EMMPRIN containing cardiac microvesicles.post-print1810 K

Incidencia de las intoxicaciones: un caso en hospital de Ecuador / Incidence of intoxication: a case in an Ecuadorian hospital

Las intoxicaciones son un problema de salud pública y una de las principales causas de ingresos en las salas de emergencias a nivel nacional e internacional. Se realizó una investigación exploratoria, descriptiva, transversal y de observación dirigida, para determinar la incidencia de las intoxicaciones en pacientes del Hospital General Teófilo Dávila de la Provincia de El Oro, Ecuador, año 2012, por edad, sexo, procedencia y tóxicos más frecuentes en este medio. La mayor incidencia ocurrió el mes de febrero (16,35%), la muestra de 104 intoxicados, predominó el sexo masculino (66,35%), procedencia urbana (88,46%) y el grupo etario de 20-49 años (60,58%). Las circunstancias, accidental (78,85%), intencional (16,35%) y laboral (4,81%). El mecanismo más relevante fue la ingesta (84,62%), los tipos de agente son, los alimentos/bebidas (29,81%) y las sustancias de abuso (25%). Abstract Intoxication is a public health problem and one of the main causes of admission in emergency rooms nationwide and internationally. An exploratory, descriptive, and cross sectional research of a directed observation was conducted to determine the incidence of intoxication in patients of General Teófilo Dávila Hospital in El Oro Province, Ecuador, in 2012; patients were classified by age, sex, origin, and the most frequent toxicant in this area. The highest incidence was February (16.35%), in the sample of 104 intoxicated males predominated (66.35%), urban origin (88.46%) and the age group of 20-49 years (60.58%). The circumstances were: accidental (78.85%), intentional (16, 35 %) and employment (4.81%). The most important mechanism is the intake (84.62 %), the agent types are food / beverages (29.81 %) and substance abuse (25%)

High Levels of Diversity Uncovered in a Widespread Nominal Taxon: Continental Phylogeography of the Neotropical Tree Frog

Species distributed across vast continental areas and across major biomes provide unique model systems for studies of biotic diversification, yet also constitute daunting financial, logistic and political challenges for data collection across such regions. The tree frog Dendropsophus minutus (Anura: Hylidae) is a nominal species, continentally distributed in South America, that may represent a complex of multiple species, each with a more limited distribution. To understand the spatial pattern of molecular diversity throughout the range of this species complex, we obtained DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and the 16S rhibosomal gene (16S) for 407 samples of D. minutus and closely related species distributed across eleven countries, effectively comprising the entire range of the group. We performed phylogenetic and spatially explicit phylogeographic analyses to assess the genetic structure of lineages and infer ancestral areas. We found 43 statistically supported, deep mitochondrial lineages, several of which may represent currently unrecognized distinct species. One major clade, containing 25 divergent lineages, includes samples from the type locality of D. minutus. We defined that clade as the D. minutus complex. The remaining lineages together with the D. minutus complex constitute the D. minutus species group. Historical analyses support an Amazonian origin for the D. minutus species group with a subsequent dispersal to eastern Brazil where the D. minutus complex originated. According to our dataset, a total of eight mtDNA lineages have ranges >100,000 km2. One of them occupies an area of almost one million km2 encompassing multiple biomes. Our results, at a spatial scale and resolution unprecedented for a Neotropical vertebrate, confirm that widespread amphibian species occur in lowland South America, yet at the same time a large proportion of cryptic diversity still remains to be discovered

Cimento compósito de wollastonita e poli (2-cianocrilato de n-butila): análise da biocompatibilidade in vivo e da eficácia das uniões adesivas in vitro de um inovador material para osteossíntese

O compósito Wollastonita-Poli (N-Butil 2 Cianoacrilato) (W-BCA) tem sido proposto para fixar anatomicamente fragmentos ósseos fraturados a fim de alcançar uma cicatrização ideal. O presente estudo na parte I avaliou o comportamento in vivo de três compósitos de (N-Butil 2 Cianoacrilato) com três tipos de cargas: pó de Wollastonita natural (Wn), pó de pseudoWollastonita sintética (Ws) e pó de pseudoWollastonita sintética revestido com 5% de acetil tributil citrato (ATBC) (Wst). A hidroxiapatita (HA) foi utilizada como controle. Foram utilizados 36 ratos Wistar divididos aleatoriamente. Os materiais foram observados nos tempos experimentais de 1, 3 e 9 semanas em 2 sítios teciduais distintos de implantação: tecido ósseo (fêmur) e subcutâneo dorsal. O compósito W-BCA produziu uma maior degradabilidade no teste em tempo real de degradação e um efeito citotóxico superior, enquanto que o compósito W -BCA mostrou uma maior degradação no teste acelerado com nenhuma citotoxidade (p0,05). Conclui-se que o adesivo composto de Wollastonita natural / poli (butilcianoacrilato) mostrou ter o maior potencial de fixação ósseaWollastonite-Poly (N-Butil 2 Cyanoacrylate) composite (W-BCA) has been proposed to immobilize anatomically bone fragments in order to achieve an optimal healing process. In the part I the present study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo behavior of three types of fillers: powered natural Wollastonite (Wn), synthetic pseudoWollastonite powder (Ws) and synthetic pseudoWollastonite powder coated with 5% acetyl tributyl citrate (Wst). Hydroxyapatite (HA) was used as the control. Thirty-six randomly divided Wistar rats were used. The materials were observed at the experimental times of 1, 3 and 9 weeks in two tissue sites distinct from implantation: bone tissue (femur) and dorsal subcutaneous tissue. The W-BCA composite produced a higher degradability in the real-time degradation test and a superior cytotoxic effect, whereas the Wn-BCA composite showed a higher degradability in the accelerated test with no cytotoxicity (p0.05). N-butyl-cyanoacrylate adhesive Tisuacryl® was similar to Ws/BCA composite (p<0.05). Natural Wollastonite/poly(butylcyanoacrylate) composite adhesive was shown to have the greatest potential for bone fixation67f

Incidencia de las intoxicaciones: un caso en hospital de Ecuador

Las intoxicaciones son un problema de salud pública y una de las principales causas de ingresos en las salas de emergencias a nivel nacional e internacional. Se realizó una investigación exploratoria, descriptiva, transversal y de observación dirigida, para determinar la incidencia de las intoxicaciones en pacientes del Hospital General Teófilo Dávila de la Provincia de El Oro, Ecuador, año 2012, por edad, sexo, procedencia y tóxicos más frecuentes en este medio. La mayor incidencia ocurrió el mes de febrero (16,35%),la muestra de 104 intoxicados, predominó el sexo masculino (66,35%), procedencia urbana (88,46%) y el grupo etario de 20-49 años (60,58%). Las circunstancias, accidental (78,85%), intencional (16,35%) y laboral (4,81%). El mecanismo más relevante fue la ingesta (84,62%), los tipos de agente son, los alimentos/bebidas (29,81%) y las sustancias de abuso (25%)