Price transmission analysis: A flexible methodological approach applied to European hog markets

The study of spatial price relationships contributes to explain markets performance, their degree of integration or isolation, and the speed at which information is transmitted. A great deal of methods have been used to analyze this issue, being the most important: causality tests, impulse- response functions and cointegration. Normally, these techniques have been individually applied. However, a more rich knowledge of the functioning of markets can be extracted when they are jointly applied. In this paper, we try to conjugate these three techniques in a common econometric model. First, Johansen(1988) multivariate cointegration tests are used to determine the number of long-run equilibrium relationships. Cointegration is considered not only as informative about long-run price transmission but also as an essential step in the correct specification of a vector error correction model (VECM) used in the subsequent analysis. Second, Dolado and Lutkepohl(1996) causality tests are used to investigate the lead-lag behaviour among markets. Finally, impulse-response functions are calculated from the VECM estimated in the first stage for evaluating dynamic price linkages. The method exposed is applied to study spatial pork prices relationships among seven countries in the EU from 1988 to 1995. Weekly prices at farm level published by EUROSTAT: "Agricultural Markets" are used.

Ethnic food preferences in the Spanish market

A labelled choice experiment is conducted in order to investigate preferences of Spanish consumers towards ethnic cuisines. In particular, the three best known cuisines, Mexican, Arab and Asian, are considered, across three consumption situations: restaurant, take-away and at home. Wald statistics are applied in order to assess the differential marginal utilities of ethnic food in alternative consumption situations, and the appropriateness of considering a linear effect in price.choice experiment, ethnic food, consumers, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Una aplicación de la escala de fobia a los alimentos nuevos. El caso de los alimentos étnicos

El artículo investiga las actitudes de los consumidores hacia los alimentos nuevos mediante la escala FNS (Food Neo-phobia Scale). Apartir de ella se obtiene el perfil de los individuos más y menos proclives a la introducción de nuevos alimentos en sus dietas, denominados respectivamente, «neo-fílicos » y «neo-fóbicos». Entre estos alimentos nuevos, los étnicos o propios de un país y cultura, están empezando a introducirse en el mercado español, especialmente impulsados por la inmigración. A partir de la escala actitudinal, se obtienen perfiles socio-demográficos y de comportamiento de compra y consumo de alimentos étnicos, claramente distintivos, lo que permite extraer información relevante de cara a la evaluación del potencial del mercado étnico en España.Ethnic food, food neophobia scale (FNS), consumption and purchase habits, Agricultural and Food Policy, Q13, M31,

Structural Patterns of the Bioeconomy in the EU Member States – a SAM approach

The concept of 'bioeconomy' is gathering momentum in European Union (EU) policy circles as a sustainable model of growth to reconcile the goals of continued wealth generation and employment with bio-based sustainable resource usage. Unfortunately, an economy-wide quantitative assessment covering the full diversity of this sector is, hitherto, constrained by relatively poor data availability for disaggregated bio-based activities. This research takes a first step in addressing this issue by employing social accounting matrices (SAMs) for each EU27 member encompassing a highly disaggregated treatment of traditional bio-based agricultural and food sectors, in addition to identifiable bioeconomic activities from the national accounts data. Employing backward-linkage (BL), forward-linkage (FL) and employment multipliers, the aim is to profile and assess comparative structural patterns both across bioeconomic sectors and EU Member States. The results indicate six clusters of EU member countries with homogeneous bioeconomy structures. Within cluster statistical tests reveal a high tendency toward 'backward orientation' or demand driven wealth generation, whilst inter-cluster statistical comparisons across each bio-based sector show only a moderate degree of heterogeneous BL wealth generation and, with the exception of only two sectors, a uniformly homogeneous degree of FL wealth generation. With the exception of forestry, fishing and wood activities, bio-based employment generation prospects are below non bioeconomy activities. Finally, milk and dairy are established as 'key sectors'.JRC.J.4-Agriculture and Life Sciences in the Econom

The miniJPAS survey : white dwarf science with 56 optical filters

Aims. We analyze the white dwarf population in miniJPAS, the first square degree observed with 56 medium-band, 145 Å in width optical filters by the Javalambre Physics of the accelerating Universe Astrophysical Survey (J-PAS), to provide a data-based forecast for the white dwarf science with low-resolution (R ∼ 50) photo-spectra. Methods. We define the sample of the bluest point-like sources in miniJPAS with r 7000 K can be segregated from the bluest extragalactic QSOs, providing a clean sample based on optical photometry alone. Conclusions. The J-PAS low-resolution photo-spectra would produce precise effective temperatures and atmospheric compositions for white dwarfs, complementing the data from Gaia. J-PAS will also detect and characterize new white dwarfs beyond the Gaia magnitude limit, providing faint candidates for spectroscopic follow-up

Preferencias hacia el origen de un alimento étnico y la influencia de variables psicográficas

En los últimos años, el conocimiento y consumo de comidas y/o alimentos étnicos se ha difundido en el ámbito nacional. Diversos factores, entre los que destaca la inmigración, han sido decisivos en su comercialización. El mantener las costumbres alimentarias de su país de origen hace que los inmigrantes conformen segmentos de consumidores que generan una demanda específica en el mercado. Mediante un experimento de elección, se investigan las preferencias de los consumidores latinoamericanos con respecto a un alimento esencial en sus dietas, la harina de maíz. Para permitir que las preferencias puedan diferir entre individuos, se estima un modelo logit mixto. Entre las posibles fuentes explicativas de la heterogeneidad de preferencias, se contrasta la influencia de factores psicográficos, tales como los valores personales, la fobia a los alimentos nuevos y el etnocentrismo del consumidor. Así, se ha encontrado que los consumidores más neo-fóbicos y los más orientados hacia el desarrollo personal, tienden a ser más sensibles a variaciones en el precio; y los más etnocentristas manifiestan mayor preferencia hacia la harina de su país de origen.Experimento de elección, logit mixto, consumidores latinoamericanos, alimentos étnicos, características psicográficas., Agricultural and Food Policy, Q13, M31.,

Analysis of structural patterns in highly disaggregated bioeconomy sectors by EU Member States using SAM/IO multipliers

This report is part of a database and analytical work led by the Joint Research Centre (JRC.D.4, Seville) in cooperation with external experts to improve our understanding of job creation and economic growth in sectors related to the bioeconomy, with a focus on the agrifood sector.JRC.D.4-Economics of Agricultur

e-WASTE: Everything an ICT Scientist and Developer Should Know

[EN] Every dazzling announcement of a new smart phone or trendy digital device is the prelude to more tons of electronic waste (e-waste) being produced. This e-waste, or electronic scrap, is often improperly added to common garbage, rather than being separated into suitable containers that facilitate the recovery of toxic materials and valuable metals. We are beginning to become aware of the problems that e-waste can generate to our health and the environment. However, most of us are still not motivated enough to take an active part in reversing the situation. The aim of this article is to contribute to increase this motivation by pointing out the significant problem that e-waste represents and its social and environmental implications. We have chosen this forum in which multidisciplinary researchers in ICT from all countries access on regularly to explain the serious problems we are exposed to when we do not make a responsible and correct use of technology. In this paper, we also survey the composition of contemporary electronic devices and the possibilities and difficulties of recycling the elements they contain. As researchers, our contributions in science enable us to find solutions to current problems and to design more and more powerful intelligent devices. But responsible researchers must be aware of the negative effects that this industry causes us and, consequently, assume their commitment with more sustainable designs and developments. Therefore, the knowledge of e-waste issues is crucial also in the scientific world. Researchers should consider this problem and contribute to minimize it or find new solutions to manage it. These must be the additional challenges in our projects.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under Grant TIN2013-43913-R.Pont Sanjuan, A.; Robles Martínez, A.; Gil, JA. (2019). e-WASTE: Everything an ICT Scientist and Developer Should Know. IEEE Access. 7:169614-169635. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2955008S169614169635

Intervención en el Patrimonio de Écija en el siglo XIX

La realización de este trabajo viene motivada por el interés de conocer más de cerca la ciudad de Écija, su historia, así como su arquitectura, tan característica de este lugar. El trabajo documenta las intervenciones arquitectónicas que se produjeron en el siglo XIX, centrándose en las nuevas alineaciones de calles y principalmente en las transformaciones estéticas que se proyectaron en las fachadas de los edificios residenciales, por qué se produjeron y cómo se realizaron, tanto formal como constructivamente. En su contenido se realiza un primer acercamiento al contexto histórico de la época y la influencia que tuvo sobre los cambios producidos en la ciudad, para posteriormente exponer los ejemplos más significativos de las reformas estéticas de fachadas con una breve explicación de la misma. El objetivo principal de este estudio es aumentar el conocimiento sobre la arquitectura residencial en Écija en el siglo XIX, cómo surgió una nueva tendencia compositiva y estética tan diferente al singular barroco ecijano, que provocó un cambio modernista en la imagen de esta ciudad.Universidad de Granada. Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura. Grado en Arquitectura, curso académico 2017/201

Monitoring E-commerce Adoption from Online Data

[EN] The purpose of this paper is to propose an intelligent system to automatically monitor the firms¿ engagement in e-commerce by analyzing online data retrieved from their corporate websites. The design of the proposed system combines web content mining and scraping techniques with learning methods for Big Data. Corporate websites are scraped to extract more than 150 features related to the e-commerce adoption, such as the presence of some keywords or a private area. Then, these features are taken as input by a classification model that includes dimensionality reduction techniques. The system is evaluated with a data set consisting of 426 corporate websites of firms based in France and Spain. The system successfully classified most of the firms into those that adopted e-commerce and those that did not, reaching a classification accuracy of 90.6%. This demonstrates the feasibility of monitoring e-commerce adoption from online data. Moreover, the proposed system represents a cost-effective alternative to surveys as method for collecting e-commerce information from companies, and is capable of providing more frequent information than surveys and avoids the non-response errors. This is the first research work to design and evaluate an intelligent system to automatically detect e-commerce engagement from online data. This proposal opens up the opportunity to monitor e-commerce adoption at a large scale, with highly granular information that otherwise would require every firm to complete a survey. In addition, it makes it possible to track the evolution of this activity in real time, so that governments and institutions could make informed decisions earlier.This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness with Grant TIN2013-43913-R, and by the Spanish Ministry of Education with Grant FPU14/02386.Blazquez, D.; Domenech, J.; Gil, JA.; Pont Sanjuan, A. (2018). 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