Path integral formulation of Hodge duality on the brane

In the warped compactification with a single Randall-Sundrum brane, a puzzling claim has been made that scalar fields can be bound to the brane but their Hodge dual higher-rank anti-symmetric tensors cannot. By explicitly requiring the Hodge duality, a prescription to resolve this puzzle was recently proposed by Duff and Liu. In this note, we implement the Hodge duality via path integral formulation in the presence of the background gravity fields of warped compactifications. It is shown that the prescription of Duff and Liu can be naturally understood within this framework.Comment: 7 pages, LaTe

An Approach to Oobtain a PLC Program from a DEVS Model

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The Significance of Powder Breakdown During Conveying Within Industrial Milk Powder Plants

Instant whole milk powder (IWMP) is designed to rapidly dissolve in water, which depends on the particle size distribution (PSD). The fragile milk powder exiting the dryer has to be conveyed for packing, which can break down the particles, worsening the dissolution properties. This work investigated the importance of in-plant conveying in determining the nal functional properties at the industrial scale. IWMP breakdown was compared between two plants with di erent transport systems; a pneumatic system and bucket elevator. It was expected that the plant with the bucket elevator consistently produced powder with superior dissolution due to lower breakdown during transport. This was evaluated using the change in PSD. It was found that both plants had a similar decrease in the median particle size, and powder with an initially larger particle size showed more breakdown. However, it was not enough to compensate for the initially larger size. Thus powder that started out larger still had a larger particle size after transport. When quanti ed using the change in bulk density, a low initial bulk density compensated for large breakdown during conveying and ameliorated the impact on the functional properties. Thus in order to produce IWMP with the desired functionalities the focus should be on improving the initial agglomeration, as oppose to reducing transport breakdown.

Therapeutic turnaround times for common laboratory tests in a tertiary hospital in Kenya

Access to efficient laboratory services is critical to patient care. Turnaround Time (TAT) is one of the most important measures when judging the efficiency of any laboratory and care system. Few studies on TAT exist for inpatient care settings within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods We evaluated therapeutic TAT for a tertiary hospital in Western Kenya, using a time-motion study focusing specifically on common hematology and biochemistry orders. The aim was to determine significant bottlenecks in diagnostic testing processes at the institution. Results A total of 356 (155 hematology and 201 biochemistry) laboratory tests were fully tracked from the time of ordering to availability of results to care providers. The total therapeutic TAT for all tests was 21.5 ± 0.249 hours (95% CI). The therapeutic TAT for hematology was 20.3 ± 0.331 hours (95% CI) while that for biochemistry tests was 22.2 ± 0.346 hours (95% CI). Printing, sorting and dispatch of the printed results emerged as the most significant bottlenecks, accounting for up to 8 hours of delay (Hematology—8.3 ± 1.29 hours (95% CI), Biochemistry—8.5 ± 1.18 hours (95% CI)). Time of test orders affected TAT, with orders made early in the morning and those in the afternoon experiencing the most delays in TAT. Conclusion Significant inefficiencies exist at multiple steps in the turnaround times for routine laboratory tests at a large referral hospital within an LMIC setting. Multiple opportunities exist to improve TAT and streamline processes around diagnostic testing in this and other similar settings.publishedVersio

Schwinger Pair Production in dS_2 and AdS_2

We study Schwinger pair production in scalar QED from a uniform electric field in dS_2 with scalar curvature R_{dS} = 2 H^2 and in AdS_2 with R_{AdS} = - 2 K^2. With suitable boundary conditions, we find that the pair-production rate is the same analytic function of the scalar curvature in both cases.Comment: RevTex 6 pages, no figure; replaced by the version published in PR

Toda systems in closed string tachyon condensation

We consider $tt^*$ equations appearing in the study of localized tachyon condensations. They are described by various Toda system when we consider the condensation by the lowest tachyon corresponding to the monomial $xy$. The tachyon potential is calculated as a solution to these equations. The Toda system appearing in the deformation of \C^2/\Z_n by $xy$ is identical to that of $D_n$ singularity deformed by $x$. For \C^3/\Z_n with $xyz$ deformation, we find only generic non-simple form, similar to the case appearing in \C/\Z_5\to \C/\Z_3 and we discuss the difficulties in these cases.Comment: 20 pages, no figur

Josephson effect in a weak link between borocarbides

A stationary Josephson effect is analyzed theoretically for a weak link between borocarbide superconductors. It is shown that different models of the order parameter result in qualitatively different current-phase relations

Global wave loads on a damaged ship

A computational tool was applied based on a two dimensional linear method to predict the hydrodynamic loads for damaged ships. Experimental tests on a ship model have also been carried out to predict the hydrodynamic loads in various design conditions. The results of the theoretical method and experimental tests are compared to validate the theoretical method. The extreme wave induced loads have been calculated by short term prediction. For the loads in intact condition, the prediction with duration of 20 years at sea state 5 is used, while for loads in damaged conditions the prediction in 96 hours exposure time at sea 3 is used. The maximum values of the most probable extreme amplitudes of dynamic wave induced loads in damaged conditions are much less than those in intact condition because of the reduced time. An opening could change the distribution of not only stillwater bending moment but also wave-induced bending moment. It is observed that although some cross sections are not structurally damaged, the total loads acting on these cross sections after damage may be increased dramatically compared to the original design load in intact condition