«Workplace incivility»: En kvalitativ undersøkelse av hvordan en tredjepart evaluerer ansattes reaksjoner på usivilisert oppførsel fra en leder

Hensikten med studien er å undersøke hvordan en tredjepart evaluerer ansattes reaksjoner på usivilisert oppførsel fra en leder. Studien er basert på funn fra dybdeintervjuer, gjennomført våren 2021, med åtte informanter, fra seks ulike arbeidsplasser. Intervjuene ble gjennomført gjennom en digital kommunikasjonstjeneste, når informantene var på hjemmekontor. «The Critical incident technique» (CIT) ble herunder brukt som undersøkelsesmetode. Informantene fikk spørsmål om usivilisert oppførsel, knyttet til situasjoner de har observert, hvor leder har oppført seg usiviliserte mot en ansatt, på arbeidsplassen. Funnene i studien ble analysert gjennom Nvivo, for å kartlegge hvordan en tredjepart evaluerer ansattes reaksjoner på usivilisert oppførsel fra en leder. Funnene indikerer at tredjeparts evaluering blir formet av ansattes reaksjon og det viser seg herunder at dramatikken i mottakers reaksjon påvirker tredjeparts evaluering. Studien understreker antagelsen om tredjepart, som en involvert part i situasjoner hvor usivilisert oppførsel fra leder til ansatt oppstår. Tredjeparts evaluering av ansattes reaksjoner, blir som nevnt formet av ansattes reaksjoner og viser sammenhenger til teorier om deontisk rettferdighet. I denne studien kommer det frem at tredjeparts evaluering av ansattes reaksjoner på usivilisert oppførsel fra en leder, blir formet av kontekst, sosial rang og kjønnsroller og den helhetlige sammensetningen i situasjonen. Det understrekes at det er mange faktorer som kan påvirke forholdet. Noe som hever grunnlaget for ytterligere forskning på tredjeparts rolle, knyttet til usiviliserte oppførsel på arbeidsplassen. Nøkkelord: usivilisert oppførsel, tredjepart, deontisk rettferdighet, kontekst, sosial rang, kjønnsroll

Does Pastoralists' Participation in the Management of National Parks in Northern Norway Contribute to Adaptive Governance?

Norwegian protected areas have historically been managed by central, expertise bureaucracy; however, a governance change in 2010 decentralized and delegated the right to manage protected areas to locally elected politicians and elected Sámi representatives in newly established National Park Boards. We explore how this new governance change affects adaptive capacity within the reindeer industry, as the reindeer herders are now participating with other users in decision-making processes related to large tracts of protected areas in which they have pasture access. Aspects within adaptive capacity and resilience thinking are useful as complementary dimensions to a social-ecological system framework (Ostrom 2007) in exploring the dynamics of complex adaptive social-ecological systems. The National Park Board provides a novel example of adaptive governance that can foster resilient livelihoods for various groups of actors that depend on protected areas. Data for this paper were gathered primarily through observation in National Park Board meetings, focus groups, and qualitative interviews with reindeer herders and other key stakeholders. We have identified certain aspects of the national park governance that may serve as sources of resilience and adaptive capacity for the natural system and pastoral people that rely on using these areas. The regional National Park Board is as such a critical mechanism that provides an action arena for participation and conflict resolution. However, desired outcomes such as coproduction of knowledge, social learning, and increased adaptive capacity within reindeer husbandry have not been actualized at this time. The challenge with limited scope of action in the National Park Board and a mismatch between what is important for the herders and what is addressed in the National Park Board become important for the success of this management model

Placebranding inom regioner - utifrån ett intressentperspektiv

Syftet med arbetet är att förstå hur svenska regioner samordnar och involverar dess intressenter för att skapa ett platsvarumärke och hur dessa intressenter påverkar regionens varumärkesarbete. En fallstudie har genomförts med utgångspunkt i kvalitativ studie. Studien har en ansats av deduktiv karaktär med inslag av induktiv ansats. Vid analys/diskussion har studien ett hermeneutiskt tolkande förhållningssätt. Analys och diskussion har gjorts utifrån den insamlade empirin i form av sex intervjuer som grundat sig i vetenskapliga artiklar och teorier. Vi har framför allt använt teorier för placebranding, och framför allt umbrella branding. En stor del av teorin kommer även från intressentteori och hur man hanterar och samordnar intressenter. Genom analys från relevanta teorier har det empiriska materialet skapad en ökad förståelse om hur regioner fungerar och samordnar intressenter utifrån ett placebranding persepktiv. Utifrån fallstudie av Familjen Helsingborg har vi kartlagt hur en region kan hantera intressenter och samla dem under ett gemensamt varumärke.The purpose of the study is to understand how Swedish regions manage and involve their stakeholders and how these influence the region brand. This is a qualitative case study. The study have a deductive design with some inductive influences. The analysis has a hermeneutic character. We have performed six in-depth interview which has been the base for our empirical data and We have focused on theories of place branding, and umbrella branding. A major part of the theory is also about stakeholder management. Through analysis using relevant theories the empirical material has provided an increased understanding how regions are managed and manage stakeholder though a placebranding perspective. Through the case study of Familjen Helsingborg we have discovered how a region can manage stakeholders and gather them under one brand

Exome sequencing of contralateral breast cancer identifies metastatic disease

Women with contralateral breast cancer (CBC) have significantly worse prognosis compared to women with unilateral cancer. A possible explanation of the poor prognosis of patients with CBC is that in a subset of patients, the second cancer is not a new primary tumor but a metastasis of the first cancer that has potentially obtained aggressive characteristics through selection of treatment. Exome and whole-genome sequencing of solid tumors has previously been used to investigate the clonal relationship between primary tumors and metastases in several diseases. In order to assess the relationship between the first and the second cancer, we performed exome sequencing to identify somatic mutations in both first and second cancers, and compared paired normal tissue of 25 patients with metachronous CBC. For three patients, we identified shared somatic mutations indicating a common clonal origin thereby demonstrating that the second tumor is a metastasis of the first cancer, rather than a new primary cancer. Accordingly, these patients all developed distant metastasis within 3 years of the second diagnosis, compared with 7 out of 22 patients with non-shared somatic profiles. Genomic profiling of both tumors help the clinicians distinguish between true CBCs and subsequent metastasesVetenskapsrådetForteAccepte

Maternal human papillomavirus infections at mid-pregnancy and delivery in a Scandinavian mother–child cohort study

publishedVersio

Barns läs- och skrivutveckling : ett arbete med tyngdpunkt på "Stor och liten bok"

Validerat; 20101217 (root

Physical performance, physical activity, body composition and exercise training in adults with congenital heart disease

Background Adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) is a growing population and related to advances in surgical and medical treatment, they now outnumber the children with corresponding lesions. Since a congenital heart lesion often results in reduced exercise capacity, this population is a potential target for physiotherapy. To what extent this reduction in exercise capacity is caused by abnormal cardiovascular anatomy and physiology or to what degree insufficient physical activity contributes is not known. To support the advancements in paediatric cardiac care, increased knowledge regarding physical performance, physical activity level, body composition and the effects of exercise training among adults with CHD is required. Methods In a cross-sectional study skeletal- and respiratory muscle function, physical activity level and exercise self-efficacy was investigated among 85 adults with various forms of CHD and 42 control subjects. A second study was conducted to analyse height, weight and body mass index (BMI) in 538 adults with complex CHD and 1886 adults with simple CHD. Data were extracted from the Swedish registry on congenital heart disease (SWEDCON) and compared to data from a national population survey. In a third study, factors associated with self-reported quality of life (QoL) were analysed using SWEDCON data on 315 adults with congenital aortic valve disease. Finally, a randomised controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effects of interval exercise training among adults with complex CHD. Results Adults with complex CHD showed impaired muscle function compared to both patients with simple CHD and controls. In addition, patients with complex CHD had a lower exercise self-efficacy compared to controls. Patients with CHD were equally active at moderate-to-vigorous level as the controls. However, approximately 50% of both patients and controls failed to reach the recommended physical activity level. In general patients with CHD had the same height, weight and BMI, as the general population. However, compared to the general population, men with CHD were more commonly underweight and less commonly overweight/obese. Additionally, especially male patients with complex CHD were shorter compared to the general population. Among adults with congenital aortic valve disease, a higher physical activity level was associated with better QoL. Furthermore, interval training increased exercise capacity and endurance among adults with complex CHD. Conclusion A higher physical activity level was associated with better self-reported QoL in patients with congenital aortic valve disease which implies that QoL might be possible to improve, by adopting a physically active life-style. Adults with CHD were equally active as controls at a moderate-to-vigorous physical activity level. However, approximately half of both groups were insufficiently physically active based on current recommendations. This indicates that low physical activity, on group level, does not explain the lower exercise capacity commonly found among patients with CHD. In addition, this is consistent the finding that the majority of patients followed the same pattern regarding BMI as seen in the general population. However, impaired muscle function in combination with the shorter stature and higher prevalence of underweight found in men, especially with complex CHD, implies an altered body composition in this group. The findings of the present thesis suggests an indication for physiotherapy targeting increased physical activity level and individualized exercise training in this patient population. Moreover, regular evaluation of muscle function, exercise self-efficacy and QoL, in addition to exercise capacity, might be useful for monitoring disease development over time

Physical performance, physical activity, body composition and exercise training in adults with congenital heart disease

Background Adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) is a growing population and related to advances in surgical and medical treatment, they now outnumber the children with corresponding lesions. Since a congenital heart lesion often results in reduced exercise capacity, this population is a potential target for physiotherapy. To what extent this reduction in exercise capacity is caused by abnormal cardiovascular anatomy and physiology or to what degree insufficient physical activity contributes is not known. To support the advancements in paediatric cardiac care, increased knowledge regarding physical performance, physical activity level, body composition and the effects of exercise training among adults with CHD is required. Methods In a cross-sectional study skeletal- and respiratory muscle function, physical activity level and exercise self-efficacy was investigated among 85 adults with various forms of CHD and 42 control subjects. A second study was conducted to analyse height, weight and body mass index (BMI) in 538 adults with complex CHD and 1886 adults with simple CHD. Data were extracted from the Swedish registry on congenital heart disease (SWEDCON) and compared to data from a national population survey. In a third study, factors associated with self-reported quality of life (QoL) were analysed using SWEDCON data on 315 adults with congenital aortic valve disease. Finally, a randomised controlled trial was conducted to investigate the effects of interval exercise training among adults with complex CHD. Results Adults with complex CHD showed impaired muscle function compared to both patients with simple CHD and controls. In addition, patients with complex CHD had a lower exercise self-efficacy compared to controls. Patients with CHD were equally active at moderate-to-vigorous level as the controls. However, approximately 50% of both patients and controls failed to reach the recommended physical activity level. In general patients with CHD had the same height, weight and BMI, as the general population. However, compared to the general population, men with CHD were more commonly underweight and less commonly overweight/obese. Additionally, especially male patients with complex CHD were shorter compared to the general population. Among adults with congenital aortic valve disease, a higher physical activity level was associated with better QoL. Furthermore, interval training increased exercise capacity and endurance among adults with complex CHD. Conclusion A higher physical activity level was associated with better self-reported QoL in patients with congenital aortic valve disease which implies that QoL might be possible to improve, by adopting a physically active life-style. Adults with CHD were equally active as controls at a moderate-to-vigorous physical activity level. However, approximately half of both groups were insufficiently physically active based on current recommendations. This indicates that low physical activity, on group level, does not explain the lower exercise capacity commonly found among patients with CHD. In addition, this is consistent the finding that the majority of patients followed the same pattern regarding BMI as seen in the general population. However, impaired muscle function in combination with the shorter stature and higher prevalence of underweight found in men, especially with complex CHD, implies an altered body composition in this group. The findings of the present thesis suggests an indication for physiotherapy targeting increased physical activity level and individualized exercise training in this patient population. Moreover, regular evaluation of muscle function, exercise self-efficacy and QoL, in addition to exercise capacity, might be useful for monitoring disease development over time

Tillsammans Upp till Kamp : Representation och reproduktion av 1970-talet i mini-serien Upp till Kamp och filmen Tillsammans

The 1960s was the stage for a global changes and the uprising of social movements. The world changed it´s form when the older generation was approach was set against the younger generation. The memories of the 1960s and 1970s are still present like a shadow in the Swedish society and in our culture. This period had the whole world on it´s toes and it took years before the political and civil unrest settled. This study is an examination of the tv-serie Upp till Kamp (2007) and the film Tillsammans (2000), where the principal purpose is to examine and compare their representation of the use of history. The first part is looking at how both of the mediums are reconstructing the Swedish national narrative of the 1970s. And the second part is trying to put the films into a context by illustrating the contradicting attributes of how their societies are portrayed in these two films. These contradictions are based on four themes that is found in both of the movies; gender, generation, class and social movements. The conclusion of the study shows that the two films are creating two different pictures of the 1970s Swedish society. Upp till Kamp are reconstructing the most common perspective in Swedish history; the male perspective. Where as Tillsammans illustrate the women’s everyday life and the social struggle, and it even shows the children’s perspective. The comparison between how the two films use the four different themes was helpful in highlighting what type of narrative the two filmmakers chose for their view of the 1970s in Sweden, and what they chose to leave out. Which leads to a discussion about how film as a medium is a great tool for mediating history, but also due to the constant reproduction of the same type of narratives. And this shows why films that reconstruct history needs to be questioned, because other important narratives might be left out