Alkaline battery containing a separator of a cross-linked copolymer of vinyl alcohol and unsaturated carboxylic acid

A battery separator for an alkaline battery is described. The separator comprises a cross linked copolymer of vinyl alcohol units and unsaturated carboxylic acid units. The cross linked copolymer is insoluble in water, has excellent zincate diffusion and oxygen gas barrier properties and a low electrical resistivity. Cross linking with a polyaldehyde cross linking agent is preferred

Microfinanzas: Las lecciones aprendidas en América Latina

El éxito relativo de las microfinanzas en programas rurales de crédito en América Latina se debe a un plan de desarrollo descentralizado que propone como requisitos necesarios un sector microempresa grande, instituciones estables y permanentes, marcos regulatorios apropiados y una economía estable.Sector financiero, Servicios financieros, Economía, Política monetaria, Agronegocio, Migración y migrantes

Characterizing operant hyperactivity in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat

Background: Operant hyperactivity, the emission of reinforced responses at an inordinately high rate, has been reported in children with ADHD and in the Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat (SHR), the most widely studied animal model of ADHD. The SHR emits behavior at hyperactive levels, relative to a normoactive strain, only when such behavior is seldom reinforced. Because of its dependence on rate of reinforcement, operant hyperactivity appears to be driven primarily by incentive motivation, not motoric capacity. This claim was evaluated in the present study using a novel strategy, based on the organization of behavior in bouts of reinforced responses separated by pauses. Method: Male SHR, Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and Wistar rats (WIS) were exposed each to a multiple variable-interval schedule of sucrose reinforcement (12, 24, 48, 96, and 192 s) between post-natal days (PND) 48 and 93. Responding in each schedule was examined in two epochs, PND 58-62 and 89-93. Parameters of responsereinforcement functions (Herrnstein’s hyperbola) and bout-organized behavior were estimated in each epoch. Results: SHR emitted higher response rates than WKY and WIS, but only when rate of reinforcement was low (fewer than 2 reinforcers per minute), and particularly in the second epoch. Estimates of Herrnstein’s hyperbola parameters suggested the primacy of motivational over motoric factors driving the response-rate differential

Realization of graphs by fold Gauss maps

Work partially supported by CNPq (200921/2012) and FAPEMIG (APQ-00715-14). Work partially supported by DGCYT grant no MTM2015-64013-P.Mendes De Jesus, C.; Sanabria-Codesal, E. (2018). Realization of graphs by fold Gauss maps. Topology and its Applications. 234:248-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.topol.2017.11.016S24825823

Portable Ventilator

The current COVID-19 pandemic has heavily impacted the healthcare system in the United States and elsewhere. The need for patients to have access to a hospital with a ventilator along with a shortage of ventilators for recovery and at-home care as a result of minimal hospital vacancy for patients has been greatly stressed. The presented problem is both an unmet demand and supply of portable and effective ventilators. Existing ventilators have many shortcomings that should be addressed: size, weight, cost, and complexity of current ventilators confines users to stay in a medical facility whilst being monitored by professionals. This both increases the risk the user has of contracting other diseases and increases the cost to operate a ventilator. Therefore, there is a need to create a ventilator that is both smaller and more accessible than what is currently available. The solution is to design a ventilator which can meet the symptoms and strains which COVID-19 can put on various individuals, should they not have access to a commercial ventilator as an economic constraint, or have restricted access to a medical facility attributed to the influx of patients. This means that a portable ventilator targeted for lower risks patients to be the ideal ventilator design. This ventilator would allow for short term out-patient care of low risk patients, thus allowing hospitals to focus on high risk patients. The lower risk patients would then be allowed to be at home and away from hospitals where both the expenses and risks of catching diseases would be higher. This would also mean that there would be greater access to care and less people denied care. While the focus is currently on COVID-19 patients, the use of the ventilator will extend to other patients who also need help breathing. The ventilator would include wireless communication, smartphone integration, and a portable power system which would allow consumers to relocate the ventilator as needed and have back-up power in the event of a power outage

Θ-modifications on weak spaces

In this article, we want to study and investigate if it is possible to use the notions of weak structures to develop a new theory of - modi cations in weak spaces and study their properties, nally we study some forms of weak continuity using this modi cations