Енергоощадне зовнішнє освітлення та його вплив на якісні показники електричної енергії

Background: Despite an increasing number of studies on the factors mediating the impact of the economic recession on mental health, research beyond the individual employment status is scarce. Our objectives were to investigate in which ways the mental health of employed and unemployed populations is differently affected by the current economic recession along the educational scale and to examine whether financial strain and social support explain these effects of the crisis. Methods: A repeated cross-sectional study, using two waves of the Andalusian Health Survey in 2007 (pre-crisis) and 2011-2012 (crisis). A population aged between 19 and 64 years was selected. The dependent variable was the Mental Component Summary of the SF-12 questionnaire. We performed Poisson regression models stratified by working status, with period, educational level, financial strain and social support as independent variables. We examined interactions between period and educational level. Age, sex, main earner, cohabitation and partner's working status were considered as covariates. Results: The study included 3210 individuals (1185 women) in 2007 and 3633 individuals (1486 women) in 2011-2012. In working individuals the prevalence of poor mental health increased for secondary and complete primary studies groups during crisis compared to the pre-crisis period, while it decreased significantly in the university study group (PR = 0.76, 95 % CI: 0.58-0.99). However, in unemployed individuals prevalence ratios for poor mental health increased significantly only in the secondary studies group (PR = 1.73, 95 % CI: 1.06-2.83). Financial strain and social support yielded consistent associations with mental health in all subgroups. Only financial strain could partly explain the crisis effect on mental health among the unemployed. Conclusions: Our study supports the finding that current economic recession is associated with poorer mental health differentially according to labour market status and educational level. Those with secondary studies may be at risk in times of economic recession. In connection with this, emerging educational inequalities in mental health among the employed population were observed. Our research also suggests a partial mediating role of financial strain for the effects of crisis on poor mental health among the unemployed. Good social support appears to buffer poor mental health in all subgroups but not specifically during crisis period

О сложности моделирования графиков электрических нагрузок потребителей с кусочно-непрерывными расходными характеристиками

While the social determinants of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are fairly well-known, the determinants of socioeconomic inequalities in CVD are scarcely studied and almost completely based on cross-sectional designs in which the changing circumstances across the life course are not taken into account. The present study seeks to incorporate a life course approach to the social determinants of socioeconomic inequalities in CVD. The specific aims were to 1) examine how income-related inequalities in CVD change over two decades of the mid-late life course, and 2) identify the key social determinants of the inequalities at each time period. The cohort (N = 44,039) comprised all individuals aged 40-60 years in 1990 who during 1990-2010 were enrolled in the county-wide preventive effort :"Västerbotten Intervention Program" (VIP). The cohort was followed over these two decades by Swedish population register data linked within the Umeå SIMSAM Lab micro data infrastructure. First-time hospitalization for CVD and mean earned income were used to calculate the concentration index (C) during four periods of 5-6 years. The C for each period was decomposed by sociodemographic factors, using Wagstaff-type decomposition analysis. Results suggest that inequalities in CVD increase gradually from mid-life to old age; from initially non-significant to particularly marked among the elderly. The decomposition showed that, from middle to old age, educational and employment inequalities underwent a transition from initially dominant to a moderate role in explaining the health inequalities, coupled with an increasing importance of age and a stable role of income. In conclusion, the study illustrates the need for incorporating a dynamic life course perspective into research, policy and practice concerned with equity in health.Errata Social Science &amp; Medicine (2016) 160 p. 128 DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.05.031</p

Toll-like receptor 3 blockade in rhinovirus-induced experimental asthma exacerbations:A Randomized Controlled Study

BACKGROUND: Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) commonly precipitate asthma exacerbations. Toll-like receptor 3, an innate pattern recognition receptor, is triggered by HRV, driving inflammation that can worsen asthma. OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate an inhibitory mAb to Toll-like receptor 3, CNTO3157, on experimental HRV-16 inoculation in healthy subjects and asthmatic patients. METHODS: In this double-blind, multicenter, randomized, parallel-group study in North America and Europe, healthy subjects and patients with mild-to-moderate stable asthma received single or multiple doses of CNTO3157 or placebo, respectively, and were then inoculated with HRV-16 within 72 hours. All subjects were monitored for respiratory symptoms, lung function, and nasal viral load. The primary end point was maximal decrease in FEV1 during 10 days after inoculation. RESULTS: In asthmatic patients (n = 63) CNTO3157 provided no protection against FEV1 decrease (least squares mean: CNTO3157 [n = 30] = -7.08% [SE, 8.15%]; placebo [n = 25] = -5.98% [SE, 8.56%]) or symptoms after inoculation. In healthy subjects (n = 12) CNTO3157 versus placebo significantly attenuated upper (P = .03) and lower (P = .02) airway symptom scores, with area-under-the-curve increases of 9.1 (15.1) versus 34.9 (17.6) and 13.0 (18.4) versus 50.4 (25.9) for the CNTO3157 (n = 8) and placebo (n = 4) groups, respectively, after inoculation. All of the severe and 4 of the nonserious asthma exacerbations occurred while receiving CNTO3157. CONCLUSION: In summary, CNTO3157 was ineffective in attenuating the effect of HRV-16 challenge on lung function, asthma control, and symptoms in asthmatic patients but suppressed cold symptoms in healthy subjects. Other approaches, including blockade of multiple pathways or antiviral agents, need to be sought for this high unmet medical need

Distorted magnetic orders and electronic structures of tetragonal FeSe from first-principles

We use the state-of-the-arts density-functional-theory method to study various magnetic orders and their effects on the electronic structures of the FeSe. Our calculated results show that, for the spins of the single Fe layer, the striped antiferromagnetic orders with distortion are more favorable in total energy than the checkerboard antiferromagnetic orders with tetragonal symmetry, which is consistent with known experimental data, and the inter-layer magnetic interaction is very weak. We investigate the electronic structures and magnetic property of the distorted phases. We also present our calculated spin coupling constants and discuss the reduction of the Fe magnetic moment by quantum many-body effects. These results are useful to understand the structural, magnetic, and electronic properties of FeSe, and may have some helpful implications to other FeAs-based materials

THE SuperTIGER Instrument: Measurement of Elemental Abundances of Ultra-Heavy Galactic Cosmic Rays

The SuperTIGER (Super Trans-Iron Galactic Element Recorder) instrument was developed to measure the abundances of galactic cosmic-ray elements from Ne-10 to Zr-40 with individual element resolution and the high statistics needed to test models of cosmic-ray origins. SuperTIGER also makes exploratory measurements of the abundances of elements with 40 or = 10, including approx.1300 with Z > 29 and approx.60 with Z > 49. Here, we describe the instrument, the methods of charge identification employed, the SuperTIGER balloon flight, and the instrument performance

Statistical moments of scintillation light distribution analysis with dSiPMs and monolithic crystals

[Otros] Monolithic scintillation crystals offer the possibility to preserve the scintillation light distribution, specially when black painted. Furthermore, the statistical moments of that distribution can provide accurate information about the three spatial components. Nevertheless, for monolithic crystal the moments estimation has an associated error due to the symmetry truncation of the light distribution towards the crystal borders. For the 2-D impact coordinates determination, this error is called compression as it is accentuated near the edges. The computation of all centered moments is, therefore, affected by this error. Digital SiPMs (dSiPMs) can offer complete information about the light distribution, since all cells are purely digital detectors, so that other ways to obtain ¿-impact coordinates can be performed. In this work, a comparison between the statistical moments analysis and an alternative fitting the light distribution for each event to a theoretical distribution has been made. With the fitted approach, compression is avoided and an approximately constant spatial resolution is obtained for the entire photodetection area. Moreover, DOI information is improved and preserved all over the crystal.This work was supported by the Spanish Plan Nacional de Investigacion Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnologica (I+D+I) under Grant No. FIS2010-21216-CO2-01 and Valencian Local Government under Grants PROMETEOII/2013/010 and ISIC 2011/013Conde, P.; González Martínez, AJ.; Hernández, L.; Bellido, P.; Crespo, E.; Iborra, A.; Moliner, L.... (2013). Statistical moments of scintillation light distribution analysis with dSiPMs and monolithic crystals. IEEE. 10-13. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2013.6829086S101

Effect of noise in CT image reconstruction using QR- Decomposition algorithm

[EN] The QR-Decomposition algorithm for CT 3D image reconstruction uses a linear system of equations to model the CT system response. Linear systems have a condition number that can be used to estimate the image noise. In this work the number of projections and the number of pixels in the detector have been studied to characterize the CT and the linear system of equations. The condition number of the system is estimated for the previous parameters used to generate the CT model with the aim of characterizing how these parameters affect the condition number and therefore bound the image noise level. It is shown that the condition number mainly depends on the size of pixels of the detector rather than the number of projections and this algorithm can be applied to low dose CT 3D image reconstruction without compromising image qualityThis work was supported by the Spanish Plan Nacional de Investigacion Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica (I+D+I) under Grant No. FIS2010-21216-CO2-01 and Valencian Local Government under Grants PROMETEOII/2013/010 and ISIC 2011/013Iborra, A.; Rodríguez-Álvarez, MJ.; Soriano, A.; Sánchez, F.; Bellido, P.; Conde, P.; Crespo, E.... (2013). Effect of noise in CT image reconstruction using QR- Decomposition algorithm. IEEE. 5-9. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/167122S5

Size Effects in Angle-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Free Rare-Gas Clusters

The photoionization of free Xe clusters is investigated by angle-resolved time-of-flight photoelectron spectroscopy. The measurements probe the evolution of the photoelectron angular distribution parameter as a function of photon energy and cluster size. While the overall photon-energy-dependent behavior of the photoelectrons from the clusters is very similar to that of the free atoms, distinct differences in the angular distribution point at cluster-size-dependent effects. Multiple scattering calculations trace their origin to elastic photoelectron scattering

Time reconstruction study using tubes of response backprojectors in List Mode algorithms, applied to amonolithic crystals based breast PET

[Otros] The LM-EM algorithm has the advantage to calculate the emission probabilities needed for the reconstruction process on the fly, without the need of a pre-calculated system matrix. The reconstruction time for this algorithm strongly depends on the used backprojector and the available statistics. This algorithm when implemented in systems using monolithic crystals to detect gamma radiation allows one to extensively exploit the virtual pixilation feature, not available for systems based on pixilated crystals. In this work we present a backprojector for LM-EM, the TOR method, which achieves a tradeoff between computational efficiency and image quality. Its temporal subset algorithm optimization (LM-OS) has also been implemented in order to achieve real-time reconstructions. To evaluate the performances of LM-OS algorithm with the TOR method backprojector and only with one iteration on the datasets, studies based on the system spatial resolution, uniformity, and contrast coefficients were carried out and they were compared with those obtained with LM-EM and MLEM algorithms using twelve iteration. Finally, a study on reconstruction time using LM-OS has been performed with breast patients dataProject funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and co-funded with FEDER's funds within the INNPACTO 2011 program. This work was supported by the Spanish Plan Nacional de Investigación Científica, Desarrollo e Innovación Tecnológica (I+D+i) under Grant No. FIS2010-21216-CO2-01 and the Valencian Local Government under Grants PROMETEOII/2013/010 and ISIC 2011/013Moliner, L.; Correcher, C.; González Martínez, AJ.; Conde, P.; Crespo, E.; Hernandez, L.; Rigla, JP.... (2013). Time reconstruction study using tubes of response backprojectors in List Mode algorithms, applied to amonolithic crystals based breast PET. IEEE. 14-18. https://doi.org/10.1109/NSSMIC.2013.6829372S141