Sinopse das Apocynaceae da Estrada Parque do Pantanal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Apresentamos um levantamento com informações taxonômicas e de distribuição, além de uma chave de identificação de Apocynaceae para a Estrada Parque do Pantanal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. A Estrada Parque se configura como um recorte da biodiversidade do Pantanal pois abrange quatro de suas 11 sub-regiões desse domí­nio fitogeográfico (Abobral, Nabileque, Nhecolândia e Paraguai) e defronta-se com o Maciço do Urucum. Foram localizadas 15 espécies distribuí­das em 13 gêneros. Nove novas ocorrências de Apocynaceae para o Pantanal foram registradas: Araujia variegata, Funastrum clausum, Matelea friesii, Matelea nigra, Mesechites mansoanus, Odontadenia hypoglauca, Schubertia grandiflora, Tabernaemontana siphilitica e Tassadia berteroana

Dissecting the Shared Genetic Architecture of Suicide Attempt, Psychiatric Disorders, and Known Risk Factors

Background Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide, and nonfatal suicide attempts, which occur far more frequently, are a major source of disability and social and economic burden. Both have substantial genetic etiology, which is partially shared and partially distinct from that of related psychiatric disorders. Methods We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 29,782 suicide attempt (SA) cases and 519,961 controls in the International Suicide Genetics Consortium (ISGC). The GWAS of SA was conditioned on psychiatric disorders using GWAS summary statistics via multitrait-based conditional and joint analysis, to remove genetic effects on SA mediated by psychiatric disorders. We investigated the shared and divergent genetic architectures of SA, psychiatric disorders, and other known risk factors. Results Two loci reached genome-wide significance for SA: the major histocompatibility complex and an intergenic locus on chromosome 7, the latter of which remained associated with SA after conditioning on psychiatric disorders and replicated in an independent cohort from the Million Veteran Program. This locus has been implicated in risk-taking behavior, smoking, and insomnia. SA showed strong genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders, particularly major depression, and also with smoking, pain, risk-taking behavior, sleep disturbances, lower educational attainment, reproductive traits, lower socioeconomic status, and poorer general health. After conditioning on psychiatric disorders, the genetic correlations between SA and psychiatric disorders decreased, whereas those with nonpsychiatric traits remained largely unchanged. Conclusions Our results identify a risk locus that contributes more strongly to SA than other phenotypes and suggest a shared underlying biology between SA and known risk factors that is not mediated by psychiatric disorders.Peer reviewe

Sinopse das Apocynaceae da Estrada Parque do Pantanal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

Apresentamos um levantamento com informações taxonômicas e de distribuição, além de uma chave de identificação de Apocynaceae para a Estrada Parque do Pantanal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. A Estrada Parque se configura como um recorte da biodiversidade do Pantanal pois abrange quatro de suas 11 sub-regiões desse domí­nio fitogeográfico (Abobral, Nabileque, Nhecolândia e Paraguai) e defronta-se com o Maciço do Urucum. Foram localizadas 15 espécies distribuí­das em 13 gêneros. Nove novas ocorrências de Apocynaceae para o Pantanal foram registradas: Araujia variegata, Funastrum clausum, Matelea friesii, Matelea nigra, Mesechites mansoanus, Odontadenia hypoglauca, Schubertia grandiflora, Tabernaemontana siphilitica e Tassadia berteroana

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/‘proxy’ AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/‘proxy’ AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele