It Takes More than a Village: Building a Network of Safety in Nepal's Mountain Communities.

Purpose This report from the field details the ways that one small maternal child health NGO, which began its work in Tibet and now works in the mountain communities of Nepal, has established a model for integrated healthcare delivery and support it calls the "network of safety." Description It discusses some of the challenges faced both by the NGO and by the rural mountain communities with whom it partners, as well as with the government of Nepal. Conclusion This report describes and analyzes successful efforts to reduce maternal and infant mortality in a culturally astute, durable, and integrated way, as well as examples of innovation and success experienced by enacting the network of safety model

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BUSI DENSO IRIDIUM DAN DOUBLE IRIDIUM TERHADAP LAJU KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR PADA ENGINE TOYOTA AVANZA 1.3-E-MT 2016

Busi atau spart plug merupakan salah satu bagian dari sistem pengapian mesin. Besarnya percikan bunga api dan campuran udara dan bahan bakar dapat mempengaruhi kinerja mesin yang mengakibatkan perbedaan konsumsi bahan bakar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh laju konsumsi bahan bakar dengan menggunakan busi Denso SC16HR11 Iridium dan LDR7TDI Double Iridium. Langkah penelitian menguji masing-masing busi dengan menggunakan putaran 600 rpm, 1500 rpm, 2000 rpm, 2500 rpm dan 3000 rpm, kemudian mencatat laju bahan bakar. Hasil penelitian adalah Pada putaran engine rendah (600 rpm dan 1500 rpm) Busi Denso SC16HR11 Iridium lebih tinggi penggunaan bahan bakar. Hal tersebut dikarenakan busi Denso SC16HR11 Iridium jenis busi panas.Pada putaran engine tinggi (2000 rpm sampai 3000 rpm) Busi LDR7TDI Double Iridium lebih boros karena Busi LDR7TDI Double Iridium jenis busi dingi

PERHITUNGAN ELEMEN MESIN DAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI PADA MESIN PENGGORENG AMPLANG DENGAN PENGGERAK MOTOR LISTRIK

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui prosesperancangan mesin penggoreng amplang menggunakan penggerak motor listrik. Dengan mempergunakan mesin penggoreng maka volume produksi atau produktivitas akan meningkat, sehingga dapat memperoleh keuntungan yang besar dan juga untuk memperkecil kemungkinan terjadinya kegosongan pada saat penggorengan Sumber Penggerak motor pengaduk menggunakan motor listrik dengan putaran 10 Rpm. Menggunakan 1 buah bantalan dengan kode FK 202 berdiameter As 15.875mm. Menggunakan 1 buah poros dengan Panjang 65,8 cm menggunakan 3 buah baling – baling pengaduk dengan Panjang masing – masing 30 cm dan lebar 6 cm untuk dapat mengaduk amplang dengan rata.Pada bagian motor lengan pengangkat menggunakan 1 buah motor listrik dengan daya 0,25 HP dengan putaran 1360 rpm dengan rasio :50. Menggunakan 2 buah bantalan dengan kode FK 204 berdiameter As15.875mm.Pada bagian Spiner (Peniris Minyak) Menggunakan Dinamo mesin cuci dengan putaran 1000 – 1200 rpm. Menggunakan 2 buah bantalan dengan kode ASB 202 Berdiameter As 15.875mm. Dalam tiga kali percobaan penggorengan amplang dengan kapasitas 3 kg di dapat hasil rata-rata 36 menit 50 detik setiap penggorengannya untuk amplang matang sepenuhnya

« Rester c’est Vivre, Partir c’est Mourir ». Le regard des érudits bamiléké sur la migration des jeunes et ses causes aujourd’hui

Les causes de la migration des jeunes africains scrutées dans diverses études jusqu’à lors ne tiennent presque pas en compte l’opinion des érudits africains. Or ceux-ci sont les mieux placés pour expliquer certains faits sociaux par la prise en compte d’aspects historiques et culturels, une connaissance affinée de la conception du monde organisatrice de ces communautés dont ils sont des experts. Dans ce présent texte, le cas ethnographique des Bamiléké nous permet à titre d’exemple, de découvrir d’autres facteurs, voire termes plus intéressants liés à ce phénomène de migration. Il explique également le paradoxe de savoir pourquoi ce sont plutôt ceux qui partent qui disposent de ressources financières tout en arborant les difficultés économiques comme raison de leur émigration.As causas da migração dos jovens africanos analisadas em diversos estudos até agora quase não têm em conta a opinião dos estudiosos africanos. No entanto, estes estão melhor colocados para explicar certos factos sociais, levando em consideração aspetos históricos e culturais e um conhecimento aprofundado da conceição do mundo organizadora destas comunidades das quais são especialistas. No presente texto, o caso etnográfico dos Bamileke permite-nos, a modo de exemplo, descobrir outros fatores e, mesmo, termos mais interessantes ligados a este fenómeno de migração. Também explica o paradoxo de saber por que razão são sobretudo os que partem que dispõem de recursos financeiros ao mesmo tempo que salientam as dificuldades económicas como causa da sua emigração

An investigation of the effects of untreated waste water containing elements on the soil of the Khabat region in Erbil, Iraq.

Wastewater contains a high amount of toxic metal substances (cadmium, chromium, lead, copper and cobalt) which have a negative effect on the soil and plants.This study was conducted to determine the effect of untreated sewage seepage into the main sewers of Khabat region and on the chemical and physical properties of the soil. The concentration of some heavy metals cadmium(Cd)- copper(Cu)- lead(Pb) - chromium –(Cr)- cobalt(Co) was also estimated, as well as soil electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved salts (TDS), and total hardness (TH). Soil samples were taken on depth ranges from 10-15 cm. Compared to control samples, which were taken 200 mlength from the main stream and were not affected by untreated sewage,Soil samples near the main stream containmuch higherconcentrations of elements cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), and cobalt (Co).The concentration of these elements in the soil increased with the increase in the percentage of dissolved salts, which in turn led to an increase in the soil's hardness and overall conductivity. This indicates that the soil near the main stream is contaminated: which fundamentally affects the flora and fauna of the area. The study recommended a solution to the problem of the location of sewage in the Khabat area, not throwing untreated water directly into the ground to prevent pollution and groundwater access, and making efforts to use this water after treatment for various purposes

Spatial Distribution of Trace Elements in Rice Field at Prafi District Manokwari

Mapping spatial variability of trace elements in rice Ḁeld is necessary to obtain soil quality information to en-hance rice production. ἀis study was aimed to measure concentration and distribution of Zn, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Cd in two diᴀerent sites (SP1, SP2) of PraḀ rice Ḁeld in Manokwari West Papua. ἀe representative 26 soil samples were analysed for their available trace metal concentration (DTPA), soil pH, and C-organic and soil texture. ἀe result indicated that Fe toxicity and Zn deḀcient problems were encountered in both sites.  Rice Ḁeld in SP2 was more deḀcient in Zn than SP1. Site with the highest trace elements (Zn, Fe, Cu, and Cd) concentration had low soil pH and high C-organic. Acidic soil has higher solubility of metals; while high C-organic could improve the formation of dissolve organic carbon-metal binding, hence it improving the trace metals concentration in soil solution

«Күлтегін», «Білге қаған» және «Тоныкөк» жырларындағы ортақ мотивтер: көне түркілік дүниетаным бейнесі

Тасқа қашалған «Күлтегін», «Білге қаған», «Тоныкөк» туындыларында (VIIIIX ғғ.) көк түріктердің дүние туралы түсінігі, наным-сенімі мен әдет-ғұрыптары, басынан кешкен қилы кезеңдері мен мықты мемлекет құрудағы жеке тұлғалардың орны сипатталады. Тарихи-шежірелік жырлардағы көне түркілік дүниетанымды анықтауда «Тәңірі» концептісінің орны ерекше. Жарылқаушы Көк Тәңірі олардың бойына ұлы Түрік мемлекетін құруда айрықша қуат, күш-жігер, жауынгерлік рух берген. Мемлекетаралық дипломатия, мемлекет іргесін нығайтудағы жеңісті жорықтар, дара тұлғалардың мемлекет іргесін нығайтудағы ерекше қызметтері мен олардың өмірден өтуі, бүкілхалықтық деңгейде аза тұтуы, наным-сенімдері мен әдет-ғұрыптары, тіршілік ортасы, табиғатқа қатысы суреттелген.Мақалада сюжеттік байланыстар негізінде «Тәңірі», «Мемлекет», «Қаған», «Батыр», «Ел бірлігі», «Аруақ», тағы басқа микроконцептілер талданады.Уақыттың күрделі сипаты, ел бірлігін сақтаудағы ақылдың қуаты, жау мемлекетке қарсы күрес идеологиясы, тағы басқа белгілер сараланып, ежелгі түркілік «Әлем» концептісінің өзіндік ерекшеліктері қарастырылған. «Білге қаған» жыры мен «Күлтегін» жырында ұқсастық пен ортақ авторлық қолтаңба, пайымдау байқалады.Баяндалатын жорықтар сарынында жақындықтың болуы – жыр қаһармандарының қатар өмір кешуімен, жорықтарға бірлесе аттануымен байланысты. «Білге қаған» жырынан байқалатын басты сипаттың бірі – ата-баба, ағайын-туыс – ұрпақ арасындағы байланыстың аса құрметтелуі. Ежелгі түрік дәстүр-салтында аруақты сыйлау, құрметтеу орныққаны жырда нақтылана түседі. «Тоныкөк» жырында Түрік қағанатының мемлекет болып қалыптасуындағы тарихи кезеңдері баяндалады. Жырда Тоныкөк ұзақ жасаған, ақылман, тек кеңесші ғана емес, қағанға түрік елінің ел болып қалыптасуына өлшеусіз үлес қосқан, қаһарман болып суреттеледі

Evaluasi Ketahanan Terhadap Penyakit Kudis Dan Produksi Beberapa Kultivar Ubijalar

Evaluation of scab disease resistance and production on sweet potato cultivars. This study was aimed to determine the resistance of local sweet potato cultivars to scab disease in West Papua and the cultivar production. Research was carried out for 6.5 months starting in April 2014. Evaluation of resistance of local sweet potato cultivars and production was designed using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatment consists of six local cultivars, namely Mouwebsi, Kuyage-2, Bonsasarai, Inanwatan-4, Wonembai, and Abomourow. There was no inoculation treatment on the field because Papua was endemic region to the scab disease. Data analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by DMRT test at level of 95%. Cultivars tested had different responses to the long tendrils of parameters and number of branches. The intensity of the disease in Bonsasarai cultivars was 31.7% (moderately resistant), while in Mouwebsi was 13.75%, Wonembai 8.33%, Kuyage-2 0.42%, Abomourow and Inanwatan-4, 0% categorized as resistant cultivars. The tuber weight of Abomourow (4.55 ton/ha) was higher than that of Mouwebsi (3.80 ton/ha), Wonembai (3.62 ton/ha), Bonsasarai (2.28 ton/ha), and Inanwatan-4 (1.12 ton/ha)

Impact de la mondialisation et des inégalités sur la pauvreté en Europe de l'Est: Approche par la méthode des moments généralisés

The aim of this paper was to determine the impact of globalisation and inequality on poverty using unbalanced panel data relating to seven countries of East Europe (Lithuania, Romania, Russia, Hungary, Poland, Estonia, Kirghizistan) from 1998 to 2003. The results led us to affirm that globalisation doesn't ensure the poverty reduction. On the contrary, the evidence showed that globalisation, understood like the liberalisation of the international trade, increases the number of poor and vulnerable persons. About inequality, it proves to be varying in the same sense than poverty. Indeed, we confirm the thesis that the inequality increase leads to poverty increase. The per capita income has been introduced like a control variable. The conclusion is that the per capital income increase leads to poverty reduction, especially when it’s accompanied by measures of distributions in favour of all population fringes

MODIFIKASI DAN PERHITUNGAN KAPASITAS PRODUKSI PADA MESIN PENGGILING BUMBU DENGAN PENGGERAK MOTOR BENSIN KAPASITAS 90 KG/JAM

Mesin penggiling bumbu basah yang dirancang dalam penelitian ini mempunyai beberapa bagian utama yang mendukung operasional kerjanya, yaitu motor penggerak, rangka , sabuk, pulley, poros. Ukuran mesin yang dibuat mempunyai tinggi 110 cm, panjang 80 cm, lebar 40 cm dan dapat dipindah pindahkan tempat. Rancangan mesin ini menggunakan motor bensin sebagai tenaga penggerak poros. Motor yang di pilih memiliki daya sebesar 5,5 Hp dengan putaran motor 3600 rpm. Dalam uji coba, motor penggerak mampu berfungsi dengan baik dalam berbagai variasi kecepatan dan tidak ada kendala fungsional Pada bahan dan dimensi poros diketahui daya motor sebesar 4,103 Kw dengan putaran 3600 rpm dan kecepatan pulley sebesar 960 rpm dan daya rencananya adalah 4,92 Kw dengan tegangan geser yang dijinkan 4 kg/mm2 sehingga torsinya adalah 4991,75 kg.mm dengan diameter poros 21,22 mm. Pada bahan dan dimensi sabuk dan pulley diketahui tipe sabuknya adalah tipe A dengan nomor nominal 39 inch yang dimana sabuknya memiliki 2 kecepatan yaitu 18,46 m/s dan 5,9 m/s dengan panjang keliling 991 mm dan jarak poros sepanjang 326,18 mm yang memiliki sudut kontak 0,93 derajat dan jumlah sabuk sebanyak 2 buah. Pada bahan dan dimensi bantalan diketahui jenis bantalannya adalah ball bearing dengan nomor P204 yang dimana diameter lingkaran dalam 20 mm atau jari-jari 10 mm dan diameter lingkaran luar 47 mm atau jari-jari 23,5 mm dengan kapasitas nominal dinamis sebesar 1000 kg dan kapasitas nominal statis 635 kg, umur nominal bantalan dapat digunakan dalam 3,4 tahun. Data perencanaan perhitungan produktivitas yang di ketehui dalam perencanaan mesin penggiling bumbu basah adalah 90 kg/ja