Identifying and Evaluating Smart City Marketing Parameters (Case study: Tabriz)

The main goal of this article is to investigate, identify, and rank the factors that influence the development of a sustainable smart city in Tabriz. The statistical population comprises all of Tabriz Municipality's managers, which number 257 at the moment. The data collected using a standard questionnaire of parameters from "A unique taxonomy of smart sustainable city metrics," which was randomly distributed. In addition, descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used. Spss software is also used to analyze data using descriptive statistical methods and conclusions from sample tests and Friedman ranking tests, as well as to execute Econometric operations. The findings suggest that all of the variables affecting the improvement of a sustainable smart city in Tabriz have a direct and relatively strong relationship, with four variables affecting the marketing of a sustainable smart city. The socio-cultural parameter, which has an average rank of 3.80, the governance parameter, that has an average rank of 3.18, the second parameter, the environmental parameter with rank of 2.03, and the economic parameter, with rank of 1.00, all impact on the improvement of a sustainable smart city marketing

Investigation of the growth, motility, and optical properties of microorganisms in active fluids

To have better control over photobioreactors at various operating conditions, it is necessary to characterize microorganisms’ motion, optimize light distribution, and investigate efficient mixing methods in photobioreactors. The second chapter of this thesis aims to develop a theoretical model for the calculation of microorganisms’ optical characteristics. Modeling light transfer in photobioreactors needs accurate input data to solve Maxwell’s equations. Here, input data include absorption properties of the microorganism’s pigment, pigment-content measurement, and the details of the shape and size of the microorganism cells. These input data predicted the optical characteristics of microorganism cells with homogeneous, coated, and heterogeneous geometries. The third chapter reports on experiments that were carried out to investigate the effect of two mixing methods, turbulent stirring and orbitally shaking, on the growth metrics of Synechocystis sp. CPCC 534, and compare them with stationary cultures. The study revealed that stirring Synechocystis cultures can enhance the growth rate, doubling per day, yield, and Chla production in contrast to cultures without any mixing. In the fourth chapter, the motility of wild-type Synechocystis sp. CPCC 534 was investigated to establish a correlation between the evolution of cell motility and cell growth phases during the complete growth cycle of 78 days. Average cell velocity, mean squared displacement (MSD), diffusion coefficient, and displacement probability density function (PDF) were calculated to assess the dynamics of Synechocystis sp. CPCC 534 during the growth period. The obtained results indicate that the age of microorganisms has a notable influence on different aspects of cell motility. Consequently, this can affect the transport characteristics of active suspension. In the final chapter of this thesis, we aimed to examine the transport characteristics of active fluids and passive fluids in a bifurcated microchannel with a rectangular cross-section. A PDMS microchannel was designed and fabricated to investigate the behavior of two fluids in the bifurcated microchannel. Finally, our investigation revealed that passive fluids exhibit higher velocity than active fluids. This difference arises due to the minimal movement of active fluids caused by their run-and-tumble motion

The Effect of Fiscal Decentralization on Under-five Mortality in Iran: A Panel Data Analysis

Background: Fiscal Decentralization (FD) in many cases is encouraged as a strong means of improving the efficiency and equity in the provision of public goods, such as healthcare services. This issue has urged the researchers to experimentally examine the relationship between fiscal decentralization indicators and health outcomes. In this study we examine the effect of Fiscal Decentralization in Medical Universities (FDMU) and Fiscal Decentralization in Provincial Revenues (FDPR) on Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5M) in provinces of Iran over the period between 2007 and 2010. Methods: We employed panel data methods in this article. The results of the Pesaran CD test demonstrated that most of the variables used in the analysis were cross-sectionally dependent. The Hausman test results suggested that fixed-effects were more appropriate to estimate our model. We estimated the fixed-effect model by using Driscoll-Kraay standard errors as a remedy for cross-sectional dependency. Results: According to the findings of this research, fiscal decentralization in the health sector had a negative impact on U5M. On the other hand, fiscal decentralization in provincial revenues had a positive impact on U5M. In addition, U5M had a negative association with the density of physicians, hospital beds, and provincial GDP per capita, but a positive relationship with Gini coefficient and unemployment. Conclusion: The findings of our study indicated that fiscal decentralization should be emphasized in the health sector. The results suggest the need for caution in the implementation of fiscal decentralization in provincial revenues

Feasibility Study of Convolutional Long Short Term Memory Network for Pulmonary Movement Prediction in CT Images

Background: During X-ray imaging, pulmonary movements can cause many image artifacts. To tackle this issue, several studies, including mathematical algorithms and 2D-3D image registration methods, have been presented. Recently, the application of deep artificial neural networks has been considered for image generation and prediction.Objective: In this study, a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) neural network is used to predict spatiotemporal 4DCT images.Material and Methods: In this analytical analysis study, two ConvLSTM structures, consisting of stacked ConvLSTM models along with the hyperparameter optimizer algorithm and a new design of the ConvLSTM model are proposed. The hyperparameter optimizer algorithm in the conventional ConvLSTM includes the number of layers, number of filters, kernel size, epoch number, optimizer, and learning rate. The two ConvLSTM structures were also evaluated through six experiments based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and structural similarity index (SSIM).Results: Comparing the two networks demonstrates that the new design of the ConvLSTM network is faster, more accurate, and more reliable in comparison to the tuned-stacked ConvLSTM model. For all patients, the estimated RMSE and SSIM were 3.17 and 0.988, respectively, and a significant improvement can be observed in comparison to the previous studies. Conclusion: Overall, the results of the new design of the ConvLSTM network show excellent performances in terms of RMSE and SSIM. Also, the generated CT images with the new design of the ConvLSTM model show a good consistency with the corresponding references regarding registration accuracy and robustness

Drug Repurposing for Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Based on Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a lesser-known eye disease in the world that gradually destroys a person’s vision by creating dark spots in the center of vision. Material and Methods: Samples of AMD-related genes were extracted from the NCBI, then the gene expression network (GCN) was extracted. In addition, pathway enrichment analysis was performed to investigate the role of co-expressed genes in AMD. Finally, the drug-gene interaction network was plotted.Results: The results of this work based on bioinformatics showed that many genes are involved in AMD disease, the most important of which are the genes of TYROBP, LILRB2, LCP2, PTPRC, CFH, SPARC, HTR5A.Overexpression of these genes can be considered as basic biomarkers for this disease, we separated some of which we had from the gene co-expression network and some from the results of genes ontology (genes that have a P value ≤ 0.05). The most important drugs were isolated from the drug-gene network based on degree, which included 5 drugs including ocriplasmin, collagenase clostridium histolyticum, topiramate, primidone, butalbital.Conclusion: Among the genes we found, three genes of CFH, TYROBP, SPARC seem to be more important than the others. Among drugs, ocriplasmin, topiramate, primidone can play a more important role based on the degree in the drug-gene network, because all steps are performed with different bioinformatics methods, clinical trials must confirm or reject the results.Keywords: Age-Related Macular Degeneration; AMD; Co-Expression Network; Drug Repurposing

IMPLICATION OF IMAGES FOR DENTAL IMPLANT TREATMENT PLANNING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Abstract. Background and aim: Meanwhile, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has developedrapidly and is now being routinely used for preoperative planning by some implant surgeons. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis, evaluate the Implications for dental implant treatment planning. Method: The search took place between 2010 and 2019. In this study, we first reviewed the abstract of the articles and selected the studies that had the most coordination with our goals, and then we examined the entire text and finally, 4 studies were selected. In addition to reviewing the literature, the results are extracted and enter the meta-analyzer stata14, which summarizes the final results. Result: CBCT observer-based planning gives more homogeneity of treatment plans as compared to the surgical gold standard. Further, complications were predicted better when the planning was based on CBCT images.Conclusion: Hat either PAN or CBCT can be reliably utilized to determine the preoperative implant width.Key words: dental implant, treatment planning, systematic review

The Effect of Fiscal Decentralization on Under-five Mortality in Iran: A Panel Data Analysis

Background: Fiscal Decentralization (FD) in many cases is encouraged as a strong means of improving the efficiency and equity in the provision of public goods, such as healthcare services. This issue has urged the researchers to experimentally examine the relationship between fiscal decentralization indicators and health outcomes. In this study we examine the effect of Fiscal Decentralization in Medical Universities (FDMU) and Fiscal Decentralization in Provincial Revenues (FDPR) on Under-Five Mortality Rate (U5M) in provinces of Iran over the period between 2007 and 2010. Methods: We employed panel data methods in this article. The results of the Pesaran CD test demonstrated that most of the variables used in the analysis were cross-sectionally dependent. The Hausman test results suggested that fixed-effects were more appropriate to estimate our model. We estimated the fixed-effect model by using Driscoll-Kraay standard errors as a remedy for cross-sectional dependency. Results: According to the findings of this research, fiscal decentralization in the health sector had a negative impact on U5M. On the other hand, fiscal decentralization in provincial revenues had a positive impact on U5M. In addition, U5M had a negative association with the density of physicians, hospital beds, and provincial GDP per capita, but a positive relationship with Gini coefficient and unemployment. Conclusion: The findings of our study indicated that fiscal decentralization should be emphasized in the health sector. The results suggest the need for caution in the implementation of fiscal decentralization in provincial revenues

Design, Implementation, and Applicability Evaluation of Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Registry

Introduction: Arthroplasty is a major orthopedic operation with an increasing rate. The success of this operation can significantly reduce patients’ pain and disabilities. This study aimed to design a registry system for hip and knee arthroplasties. Method: A comprehensive search was conducted to retrieve minimum data set from articles, guidelines, forms and reports published by orthopedic societies. Then, orthopedists were interviewed and medical records were evaluated for system requirements. After thematic analysis of the qualitative data, the intended system’ requirements were extracted. A system was designed following the "Information System Development Life Cycle and Object-Oriented" approach. The system prototype was developed by Python programming language and PostgreSQL Data Base Management System. Then, the usability of the system and user satisfaction were tested. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and through thematic and quantitative approaches. Results: The required dataset and processes were extracted based on evaluating nine arthroplasty registries of pioneer countries as well as our local needs and requirements. The result was a minimum dataset comprising of 39 elements in 5 groups. They were used for developing the arthroplasty registry forms for hip and knee. The system was considered applicable and useful by potential users. Conclusion: An arthroplasty registry system was developed successfully. This system can provide a ground base for healthcare policymakers as well as the members of orthopedic society for planning a good quality care for arthroplasties