Designing a Blockchain Model for the Paris Agreement’s Carbon Market Mechanism

This paper examines the benefits and constraints of applying blockchain technology for the Paris Agreement carbon market mechanism and develops a list of technical requirements and soft factors as selection criteria to test the feasibility of two different blockchain platforms. The carbon market mechanism, as outlined in Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement, can accelerate climate action by enabling cooperation between national Parties. However, in the past, carbon markets were limited by several constraints. Our research investigates these constraints and translates them into selection criteria to design a blockchain platform to overcome these past limitations. The developed selection criteria and assumptions developed in this paper provide an orientation for blockchain assessments. Using the selection criteria, we examine the feasibility of two distinct blockchains, Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric, for the specific use case of Article 6.2. These two blockchain systems represent contrary forms of design and governance; Ethereum constitutes a public and permissionless blockchain governance system, while Hyperledger Fabric represents a private and permissioned governance system. Our results show that both blockchain systems can address present carbon market constraints by enhancing market transparency, increasing process automation, and preventing double counting. The final selection and blockchain system implementation will first be possible, when the Article 6 negotiations are concluded, and governance preferences of national Parties are established. Our paper informs about the viability of different blockchain systems, offers insights into governance options, and provides a valuable framework for a concrete blockchain selection in the future.DFG, 414044773, Open Access Publizieren 2019 - 2020 / Technische Universität Berli

Desain Pembuatan dan Uji Coba Kumparan Helmholtz Berbentuk Lingkaran

Design and study of Helmholtz coils have been carried out. The coils diameter was designed of about 13 cm and number of turns of 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250. Magnetic field that produced by those coils was measured using pasco magnetic probe PS-2162 as a function of an applied current, distances and number of turns. As comparison, then the magnetic field produced by these coils had been compared to the standard one. Maximum value of magnetic field was obtained at the center of the coil. For an applied current of 2 A, then the magnetic field at the center of the coils either standard one or the designed one was 7.156 x 10-5T and 5.907 x 10-5T respectively. The value of magnetic field increases as number of turns and current are increased, for the coils with number of turns of 50 and 250 that carrying current of 1.0 A produced a magnetic field of 5.241 x 10-5T and 6.208 x 10-5T respectively. This is due to the direct relationship between current (I) and number of turns (N) against magnetic field as expected. The value of magnetic field decreases as moving away from the center of coil either in horizontal or vertical direction

PRODUCTION OF ANTIBODY IgY ANTI-c-Myc IN CHICKEN EGGS

Bioinformatics analysis has been performed on c-Myc peptide sequences to predict its epitopes in order to design antigen for IgY anti-c-Myc production in chickens. Peptide sequences for human c-Myc protein obtained from the NCBI database were analyzed with ProPred-1 softwares. Manual screening has been conducted on the prediction results.One candidate of c-Myc epitope, EQKLISEEDL, have been selected and prepared as an antigen, by adding one molecule of Cystein to the peptide, and conjugated it with Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Twelve hens, aged 22-24 weeks, were immunized a week after their first eggs were produced. Antigen diluted in aquabidest and emulsified with Freund’s Complete Adjuvant. The suspension was injected into the area of the chicken breast, subcutaneously or intramuscularly, with a dose of 0.1 mg for the first immunization. Booster injection performed on days 10, 20, and 30 with the same volume of emulsion, but using Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant and the amount of antigen half of the first immunization. Extraction of IgY from egg has been carried out using kits from Gallus Immunotech. IgY levels quantified using a spectrophotometer, absorbance measured at 280 nm. The results showed that chicken antibody production gave rise to a sigmoid curve pattern, just like in mammals. The IgY content of the egg was stable at high levels (> 5 mg / ml yolk) after the third immunization. In the intramuscular group, the immune response seems to work earlier than in the subcutaneous group, but eventually the subcutaneous group reaches the same level, and even higher. In general, from an egg produced after the second booster it can be extracted at least 50 mg of IgY. Higher yields could be obtained when IgY was extracted from egg 2 to 3 days after the third booster. Keywords: epitope prediction, c-Myc, IgY antibody, ProPred-

Mechanisms of resentment: causes of social intolerance and anti-democratic attitudes in Europe

The thesis attempts to identify social mechanisms that connect different forms of resentment intolerance towards social minorities, anti-democratic views, electoral radical right-wing support to (changes in) the social and demographic structure of society, economic conditions, policies, and party politics set against the specific historic backgrounds of European countries. Radical Right-Wing Support among Urban Voters investigates how immigration into cities where most immigrants into European countries tend settle increases electoral radical right-wing support, in the context of poverty, residential segregation and the history of immigration into neighborhoods. The analysis makes use of unique contextual data on neighborhoods in 34 German cities between the years 20142017 enriched with election data. The Residential Context as Source of Deprivation investigates the political ruralurban divide in current democracies: In regions exposed to precarious demographic developments heavy emigration, aging populations, few children, skewed adult sex ratios shops, services, events, and transportation infrastructure thin out, social support systems suffer, and so on, leaving residents feeling disadvantaged. In worldwide comparison, East Germany is more strongly affected by these demographic developments than any other region. The study uses an yearly East-German survey covering the years 20002014 enriched with regional contextual data to show long-term effects of demographic developments on anti-immigrant and nationalist attitudes as well as on democratic discontent. Dynamics of Immigrant Resentment in Europe focuses on differences between countries by undertaking the first comprehensive test of all social explanations of immigrant resentment predominant in the research literature across 30 European countries between the years 20022016, relying on the European Social Survey and comprehensive contextual data

Synthetic Peptides as Immunogen in the Production of IgY Anti-C-Myc Antibody in Local Chicken (Gallus gallus)

Experiments conducted to determine the effect of doses of immunogen on the levels of IgY c-Myc antibody in chickens. To generate antibody, we used a synthetic peptide as an immunogen, which is developed from the epitope of the c-Myc protein. Hens were immunized a week after their first eggs were produced. Antigen diluted in double distilled water and emulsified with Freund 's Complete Adjuvant. The suspension was injected into the area of the chicken breast subcutaneously with a dose of 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, 0.12, 0.14, or 0.16 mg per hen. Booster injection performed on days 10, 20, and 30 with the same volume of emulsion, but using Incomplete Freund 's Adjuvant and the amount of antigen was half of the amount of the first Immunization. Extraction of IgY from eggs was carried out using kits from Gallus Immunotech. The level of IgY was quantified using a spectrophotometer where the absorbance was read at 280 nm. The results showed that after the first immunization IgY content of the egg were reached the level of  >5 mg/ml yolk when the dose of immunogen was above 0.1 mg/hen. The level was higher in eggs produced after the third booster ( >8 mg/ml yolk), but it is lower in all groups treated with immunogen above 0.1 mg/hen. We concluded, immunogen dosage of 0.1 mg/hen was optimum in the production of chicken IgY anti-c-Myc

Synthetic Peptides as Immunogen in the Production of IgY Anti-C-Myc Antibody in Local Chicken (Gallus Gallus)

Experiments conducted to determine the effect of doses of immunogen on the levels of IgY c-Myc antibody in chickens. To generate antibody, we used a synthetic peptide as an immunogen, which is developed from the epitope of the c-Myc protein. Hens were immunized a week after their first eggs were produced. Antigen diluted in double distilled water and emulsified with Freund 's Complete Adjuvant. The suspension was injected into the area of the chicken breast subcutaneously with a dose of 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.1, 0.12, 0.14, or 0.16 mg per hen. Booster injection performed on days 10, 20, and 30 with the same volume of emulsion, but using Incomplete Freund 's Adjuvant and the amount of antigen was half of the amount of the first Immunization. Extraction of IgY from eggs was carried out using kits from Gallus Immunotech. The level of IgY was quantified using a spectrophotometer where the absorbance was read at 280 nm. The results showed that after the first immunization IgY content of the egg were reached the level of >5 mg/ml yolk when the dose of immunogen was above 0.1 mg/hen. The level was higher in eggs produced after the third booster ( >8 mg/ml yolk), but it is lower in all groups treated with immunogen above 0.1 mg/hen. We concluded, immunogen dosage of 0.1 mg/hen was optimum in the production of chicken IgY anti-c-Myc

Repository Analysis and Design for Food Department in Salatiga

Tidak diijinkan karya tersebut diunggah ke dalam aplikasi Repositori Perpustakaan Universitas.Government is one of the fields that is always involved with data. Regarding the amount of data, a data storage is needed to collect all data which can be accessed by the government. A repository is a place where several databases or files are placed to be accessed through a network or a data repository is a location that is directly accessible to the user. Food Department in Salatiga has duties and functions in formulating and implementing the policies of the food sector, evaluating and reporting the food and implementation of the administrative services and others. Regarding its duties and functions, it needs a repository to store data from the food department in Salatiga and others department for the smooth development in various fields in Salatiga. This repository involves RESTFul web service which contributes in securing and accessing data from various sources, and also JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) which is a lightweight data exchange format, easy to read and write, easy to translated and generated by a computer. The repositories are created for the Food Department in Salatiga which is c ontains a regional data, data on content type, food data, year data and account data. A data warehouse is a database that stores current and past data from various operational systems and other sources (external sources) for management and analysis reporting purposes of decision making. The scope of the repository includes subject orientation, integration, nonvolatility, time variance and exploring data