Cochonilhas ocorrentes em cafezais de Rondônia.

A cochonilha é uma praga que provoca grandes prejuízos à cafeicultura no Estado de Rondônia. Este trabalho reúne informações sobre as principais espécies encontradas em Rondônia, assim como os prejuízos causados, o controle biológico e o controle químico para combater esta praga.bitstream/item/24748/1/ct110-cochonilhas.pd

Crisomelídeos associados às culturas do feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) e melancia (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakail) em Rondônia.

O presente trabalho visou avaliar a diversidade de crisomelídeos-praga associados às culturas do feijão comum (Phaseolus vulgaris (L. ) e melancia [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum & Nakai], em Rondônia. A coleta de insetos foi realizada semanalmente. Os espécimes presentes foram observados em microscópio estereoscópico, contados e classificados em morfoespécies de acordo com as suas características morfológicas. Posteriormente, foi realizada a identificação das espécies. Dos 1876 insetos coletados, 957 foram encontrados na cultura do feijão e 919 na melancia. Os exemplares foram agrupados em 19 espécies pertencentes a duas subfamilias de Crysomelidae. Foram encontradas 13 espécies comuns às duas culturas. Na cultura da melancia a espécie dominante foi Acalymma sp1 (61%), enquanto que no feijão foi Cerotoma arcuata com abundância de 78%. A maior riqueza foi registrada na cultura do feijão que apresentou 17 espécies.bitstream/item/24658/1/bpd42-crisomelideos.pd

Influence of metal organic chemical vapour deposition growth conditions on vibrational and luminescent properties of ZnO nanorods

Producción CientíficaA detailed optical characterization by means of micro Raman and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy of catalyst-free ZnO nanorods grown by atmospheric-metal organic chemical vapour deposition has been carried out. This characterization has allowed correlating the growth conditions, in particular the precursors partial-pressures and growth time, with the optical properties of nanorods. It has been shown that a high Zn supersaturation can favor the incorporation of nonradiative recombination centers, which can tentatively be associated with ZnI-related defects. Characterization of individual nanorods has evidenced that ZnI-related defects have a tendency to accumulate in the tip part of the nanorods, which present dark cathodoluminescence contrast with respect to the nanorods bottom. The effect of a ZnO buffer layer on the properties of the nanorods has been also investigated, showing that the buffer layer improves the luminescence efficiency of the ZnO nanorods, revealing a significant reduction of the concentration of nonradiative recombination centers.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Projects MAT2007-66129, MAT-2010-20441-C02, MAT-2010-16116, and TEC2011-28076-C02-02)Generalitat Valenciana (Prometeo/2011-035 and ISIC/2012/008, Institute of Nanotechnologies for Clean Energies

Atividade inseticida do óleo essencial de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi sobre Acanthoscelides obtectus Say e Zabrotes subfasciatus Boheman.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito do óleo essencial de folhas de Schinus terebinthifolius sobre Acanthoscelides obtectus e Zabrotes subfasciatus. O óleo essencial foi obtido por arraste a vapor e dissolvido em acetona, nas diluições 10-2; 10-3; 10-4; 10-5; 10-6; 10-7 e 10-8 (v/v). Adicionou-se 1,0 mL destas soluções a placas de Petri de 9,0 cm de diâmetro, contendo papel de filtro esterilizado. Como controle, utilizou-se 1,0 mL de acetona. Após a evaporação da acetona, cinco insetos adultos foram colocados por placa, em quatro repetições, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Avaliou-se a mortalidade dos insetos após 24 e 48 horas. Obteve-se 100% de mortalidade de A. obtectus em 48 horas nas diluições do óleo 10-2; 10-3; 10-4; 10-5; 10-6; 10-7. No controle, a mortalidade atingiu 30% em 48 horas. Com relação a Z. subfasciatus, apenas as diluições 10-2 e 10-3 provocaram 100% de mortalidade, após 24 e 48 horas, enquanto no controle obteve-se 25% de mortalidade, em 48 horas. Este estudo evidencia a atividade inseticida do óleo essencial de S. terebinthifolius, o que sugere o seu potencial no controle dos insetos estudados.bitstream/CPAF-RO-2009-09/12172/1/bpd48_oleoessenciall.pd

Differential functional connectivity underlying asymmetric reward-related activity in human and nonhuman primates

The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a key brain region involved in complex cognitive functions such as reward processing and decision making. Neuroimaging studies have reported unilateral OFC response to reward-related variables; however, those studies rarely discussed this observation. Nevertheless, some lesion studies suggest that the left and right OFC contribute differently to cognitive processes. We hypothesized that the OFC asymmetrical response to reward could reflect underlying hemispherical difference in OFC functional connectivity. Using resting-state and reward-related functional MRI data from humans and from rhesus macaques, we first identified an asymmetrical response of the lateral OFC to reward in both species. Crucially, the subregion showing the highest reward-related asymmetry (RRA) overlapped with the region showing the highest functional connectivity asymmetry (FCA). Furthermore, the two types of asymmetries were found to be significantly correlated across individuals. In both species, the right lateral OFC was more connected to the default mode network compared to the left lateral OFC. Altogether, our results suggest a functional specialization of the left and right lateral OFC in primates.</jats:p

Induction of erythroferrone in healthy humans by micro-dose recombinant erythropoietin or high-altitude exposure

The erythropoietin (Epo)-erythroferrone (ERFE)-hepcidin axis coordinates erythropoiesis and iron homeostasis. While mouse studies have established that Epo-induced ERFE production represses hepcidin synthesis by inhibiting hepatic BMP/SMAD signaling, evidence for the role of ERFE in humans is limited. To investigate the role of ERFE as a physiological erythroid regulator in humans, we conducted two studies: first, 24 males received six injections of saline (placebo), recombinant Epo (rhEpo) 20 UI kg-1 (micro-dose) or 50 UI kg-1 (low-dose). Second, we quantified ERFE in 22 subjects exposed to high altitude (3800 m) for 15 hours. In the first study, total hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) increased after low- but not after micro-dose injections, when compared to placebo. Serum ERFE levels were enhanced by rhEpo, remaining higher than after placebo for 48 (micro-dose) or 72 hours (low-dose) post-injections. Conversely, hepcidin levels decreased when Epo and ERFE arose, before any changes in serum iron parameters occurred. In the second study, serum Epo and ERFE increased at high altitude. The present results demonstrate that in healthy humans ERFE responds to slightly increased Epo levels not associated with Hbmass expansion and down-regulates hepcidin in an apparently iron-independent way. Notably, ERFE flags micro-dose Epo, thus holding promise as novel anti-doping biomarker