Material and methods

This chapter introduces the cases and the disciplinary approaches and methods. The BERAS study had a case study approach, and this report presents the interdisciplinary synthesis of the multidisciplinary study. Ultimately, the BERAS study attempted to clarify the potential impacts of enhanced localisation and recycling rather than to compare the average status of the present local, organic food systems and organic farms with the dominant food systems and agriculture

Understanding the paranoid psychosis of James: Use of the repertory grid technique for case conceptualization

In this paper we illustrate the potential of the repertory grid technique as an instrument for case formulation and understanding of the personal perception and meanings of people with a diagnosis of psychotic disorders. For this purpose, the case of James is presented: A young man diagnosed with schizophrenia and personality disorder, with severe persecutory delusions and other positive symptoms that have not responded to antipsychotic medication, as well with depressive symptomatology. His case was selected because of the way his symptoms are reflected in his personal perception of self and others, including his main persecutory figure, in the different measures that result from the analysis of his repertory grid. Some key clinical hypotheses and possible targets for therapy are discussed

Conhecimento científico e conhecimento escolar: as dificuldades docentes na transposição didática

A compreensão dos aspectos epitemológicos da produção científica e tecnológica, atreladas a capacidade de compreender as relações existentes entre a Ciência, a Tecnologia e a Sociedade, se apresentam como demandas de uma educação científica que busque a formação de alunos aptos ao exercício pleno de sua cidadania. Nesse sentido, o importante processo de transposição didática do conhecimento científico em conhecimento escolar, inerente à sua prática docente, foi nosso objeto de estudo. Também procuramos elucidar quais as principais adaptações que são feitas em caráter didático e compreender como esse professor enxerga as relações científicas e tecnológicas na sociedade e qual o enfoque dado ao ensino de ciências e biologia nesse sentido. Através de entrevistas com sete professores e, utilizando a metodologia de análise do conteúdo, foi possível verificar que alguns fatores como o interesse do aluno pelo aprendizado e a valorização docente afetam diretamente em sua motivação, além de uma urgente revisão nos objetivos da educação CTS e nos conteúdos apresentados pelo currículo escolar. Esses e outros aspectos devem ser incluídos na formação incial desse professor que deverá ser capaz de promover a transposição de conteúdos, considerados complexos, à realidade e capacidade de compreensão do aluno

A comparison of sedative effects of xylazine alone or combined with levomethadone or ketamine in calves prior to disbudding

Objective To compare the sedative effects of intramuscular xylazine alone or combined with levomethadone or ketamine in calves before cautery disbudding. Study design Randomized, blinded, clinical trial. Animals A total of 28 dairy calves, aged 21 +/- 5 days and weighing 61.0 +/- 9.3 kg (mean +/- standard deviation). Methods Calves were randomly allocated to three groups: xylazine (0.1 mg kg(-1)) and levomethadone (0.05 mg kg(-1); group XL), xylazine (0.1 mg kg(-1)) and ketamine (1 mg kg(-1); group XK) and xylazine alone (0.2 mg kg(-1); group X). Local anaesthesia (procaine hydrochloride) and meloxicam were administered subcutaneously 15 minutes after sedation and 15 minutes before disbudding. The calves' responses to the administration of local anaesthesia and disbudding were recorded. Sedation was assessed at baseline and at intervals up to 240 minutes postsedation. Times of recumbency, first head lift and first standing were recorded. Drug plasma concentrations were measured. Results Data were obtained from 27 animals. All protocols resulted in sedation sufficient to administer local anaesthesia and to perform disbudding. Sedation scores significantly correlated with drug plasma concentrations (p Conclusions and clinical relevance Levomethadone or ketamine with a low dose of xylazine produced short but sufficient sedation for local anaesthesia and disbudding with minimum resistance.Peer reviewe

EXPERIÊNCIA DOCENTE DE GRADUANDOS-PROFESSORES EM UM CURSO PRÉ-UNIVERSITÁRIO COMUNITÁRIO: RELAÇÕES COM A FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL

Objetiva-se analisar as implicações das experiências docentes em um Curso pré-universitário comunitário, oferecido por uma Universidade pública paulista, para a formação de graduandos-professores advindos de cursos de licenciatura. Para tanto, buscou-se identificar as contribuições da experiência como professor no Cursinho para a formação profissional e pessoal e para a (re)construção dos significados de ser professor. A pesquisa, qualitativa, empregou a técnica de entrevista semiestruturada para coleta de dados com oito graduandos. Os resultados permitiram concluir que a principal motivação para participar do projeto foi a descoberta da sala de aula e que as experiências possibilitaram a relação teoria e prática na formação, além de confirmar o desejo em prosseguir na carreira docente. A troca de experiências e a vivência com outros professores e alunos incidiram no crescimento pessoal. Por fim, os significados de ser professor ganharam relevo com a reflexão sobre o papel docente na mediação do conhecimento e em sua capacidade de transformação social.

Sublingual administration of detomidine to calves prior to disbudding: a comparison with the intravenous route.

Objective: To study the effects of oromucosal detomidine gel administered sublingually to calves prior to disbudding, and to compare its efficacy with intravenously administered detomidine. Study design: Randomised, prospective clinical study. Animals: Twenty dairy calves aged 12.4 ± 4.4 days (mean ± SD), weight 50.5 ± 9.0 kg. Methods: Detomidine at 80 μg kg-1 was administered to ten calves sublingually (GEL) and at 30 μg kg-1 to ten control calves intravenously (IV). Meloxicam (0.5 mg kg-1) and  local anaesthetic (lidocaine 3 mg kg-1) were administered before heat cauterization of horn buds. Heart rate (HR), body temperature and clinical sedation were monitored over  240 minutes. Blood was collected during the same period for drug concentration  analysis. Pharmacokinetic variables were calculated from the plasma detomidine  concentration-time data using non-compartmental methods.  Results: The maximum plasma detomidine concentration after GEL was 2.1 ± 1.2 ng  mL-1 (mean ± SD) and the time of maximum concentration was 66.0 ± 36.9 minutes. The bioavailability of detomidine was approximately 34% with GEL. Similar sedation  scores were reached in both groups after administration of detomidine, but maximal sedation was reached earlier in the IV group (10 minutes) than in the GEL group (40 minutes). HR was lower after IV than GEL from 5 to 10 minutes after administration. All animals were adequately sedated, and we were able to administer local anaesthetic without resistance to all of the calves before disbudding. Conclusions and clinical relevance: Oromucosally administered detomidine is an  effective sedative agent for calves prior to disbudding.Peer reviewe

Recessive PYROXD1 mutations cause adult-onset limb-girdle-type muscular dystrophy

Peer reviewe

Combined immunodeficiency and hypoglycemia associated with mutations in hypoxia upregulated 1

Non peer reviewe