Farā’id Alfāẓ al-Ḥayawānāt fī Al-Qur’ān Al-Karīm: Dirāsah fī al-I‘jāz al-Lugawi wa al-Bayāni

The Qur’an has many miraculous aspects, about which there has been much talk in the past and the present. It is related to the rhetorical and linguistic aspects, and this research comes as one of these episodes that reveal the secret of the uniqueness of the words of the Holy Qur’an in general and the uniqueness of its words in particular, which came in an unprecedented manner and was organized in a non-repetitive way between the folds of its verses, so it was distinguished and unique in that it was not repeated, even its root as well. So it was consistent with the splendor of its presentation and organized in its context, in a tight linguistic system from a wise expert, and to be specific, the research was limited only to the unique words of animals and insects that were mentioned in the entire Qur’an, using the integrative approach that mixes the historical method that traces the phenomenon to the origin of its origin, and from the first to launch it and use it through the times to what it has now settled, and the linguistic analytical method, which is useful in analyzing words linguistically to understand the meaning, then the descriptive method, which monitors the characteristics of the phenomenon and its features, then clarifying this uniqueness, its rhetorical effects, and its aesthetic value. Its graphic secret is a purely artistic work that falls under the artistic method. Accordingly, the study came in three main sections and a conclusion, accompanied by the sources and references of the research. The first of them: the definition of the uniques linguistically and idiomatically, the second: the uniqueness in the critical and rhetorical heritage, and the third: the uniqueness of animals and insects in the Qur’an. Perhaps with this we add a new twist to Qur’anic studies, in fulfillment of the Qur’an, and in enriching its language

COVID-19 IN LEBANON: DEMOGRAPHICS AND DISTRIBUTION

COVID-19 pandemic has emerged over more than 200 countries leading to more than 117 million infection cases and more than 2.6 million deaths. Lebanon is one of the countries affected by this disease especially in the second half of 2020 reaching its peak early this year. In this study, we studied the impact of multiple factors on this surge and analyzed the positive tests among different age groups over a period of one year (from March 2020 to February 2021). Data was collected from one medical center in Beirut where more than 20,000 PCR tests were done using RT-PCR method between March 2020 and February 2021 and analyzed the pattern of increase of the rate of positivity over this period. The SARS-CoV-2 positivity rate was 13% over a period of one year. The highest number of positive PCR tests was in patients aged between 20 and 39 years. Furthermore, the number of positive tests was low in the first 4 months, which was followed by a dramatic increase in July 2020 reaching a peak in January 2021. Lebanon is among the countries affected lately by the COVID-19 pandemic with most cases arising after August 2020 affected by the blast of Beirut and emergence of new variants resulting in higher positivity rate. Moreover, our data shows a distribution of age similar to other countries and suggest its role in the rapid increase of positivity rate

Microscopic study of 5083-H321 aluminium alloy under fretting fatigue condition

Fretting occurs where there is small amplitude oscillating motion between solid surfaces in contact. With even small loads or prolonged operation, fretting may lead to crack initiation followed by fretting fatigue. Its effect on fatigue is to speed up the nucleation of fatigue surface cracks and it can be extremely damaging. Fretting fatigue is a critical concern in aircraft structures and a widespread problem in naval structural components and is often the root cause of fatigue crack nucleation in machine components. In this investigation, fretting fatigue study is carried out using 5083-H321 marine/ aerospace aluminium alloy. The test rig and the experiments were designed with an emphasis to study the crack initiation behaviour in the fretted region using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fretting damage and its relationship to the fretting fatigue life are presented and discussed

Treatment of Necrotic Teeth Using Two Engine-Driven Systems and Patient’s Postoperative Pain: A Double-Blind Clinical Trial

Introduction: One of the most important reasons for postoperative pain is the extrusion of debris from the apical foramen during preparation and shaping of root canals. The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the severity of postoperative pain with the use of two different engine-driven NiTi systems. Methods and Materials: Ninety mandibular molars were randomly divided into two groups (n=45), and root canal cleaning and shaping was done using either RaCe or Reciproc instruments. The severity of postoperative pain was determined with visual analogue scale (VAS) at 4-, 12-, 24-, 48- and 72 h and 1-week intervals and postoperative pain was compared between the two groups. The chi-squared test and repeated-measures analysis were used to compare the data between the two groups. Results: Based on the results of the statistical analyses, the two groups were matched regarding the age and gender, with no significant differences. In addition, except for 4- and 24-h and 1-week intervals, postoperative pain was significantly less in the RaCe group compared to the Reciproc group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, use of RaCe files for cleaning and shaping of root canals in necrotic mandibular molars resulted in less severe postoperative pain compared to Reciproc files.Keywords: Necrotic Teeth; Postoperative Pain; RaCe Files; Reciproc Files; Visual Analogue Scal

Farāʾid Alfāẓ An-nābaāt fī al-Qurʾān al-Karīm: Dirāsaẗ fī al-‘iʿjāz al-Luġhowiy Wā At-Tarbiyah Al-Islaamiyah

This research is reveal the secrecy of the plant's sentences in the Qur'an, both specific and general aspects as it has not been previously revealed. This in-depth study in uncovering this uniqueness presents beauty because it is not repeated, and has root words so that it can be seen clearly the beauty of the presentation and arranged according to the context of the study is a clear linguistic system for those who understand. In addition to this linguistic beauty, the usefulness of this study also has meaning from the philosophical aspect of living life which can be used as a life lesson in the form of the value of life. This research is descriptive phenomenological research that uses an integrative approach and linguistic analysis by combining historical methods that explore phenomena both from the aspect of the word origin and the depth of meaning from the philosophical aspect of education. This research consists of two parts, namely the linguistic and philosophical aspects of Islamic education. From the linguistic aspect, there are three studies, namely the definition of linguistic and idiomatic characteristics, critical and rhetorical inheritance, and the uniqueness of plants in the Qur'an. Meanwhile, from the philosophical aspect of education, it is to explore the beauty of God's creation and make it an example in human life that provides many benefits to the surrounding environment. The results of the study conclude that ‎the study of plants in the Qur'an has diverse characteristics which are extremely beautiful in enriching language ‎scholarship and having a philosophical value from the living ways of plants that ‎ give benefits. The Qur'an has many unique characteristics, both historically and in contemporary reality. One of the uniqueness is the linguistic and rhetorical aspects of the word plant. The development of plants that provide many benefits to the surrounding nature can be imitated by humans as intelligent beings

A Family of Hybrid Stochastic Conjugate Gradient Algorithms for Local and Global Minimization Problems

This paper contains two main parts, Part I and Part II, which discuss the local and global minimization problems, respectively. In Part I, a fresh conjugate gradient (CG) technique is suggested and then combined with a line-search technique to obtain a globally convergent algorithm. The finite difference approximations approach is used to compute the approximate values of the first derivative of the function f. The convergence analysis of the suggested method is established. The comparisons between the performance of the new CG method and the performance of four other CG methods demonstrate that the proposed CG method is promising and competitive for finding a local optimum point. In Part II, three formulas are designed by which a group of solutions are generated. This set of random formulas is hybridized with the globally convergent CG algorithm to obtain a hybrid stochastic conjugate gradient algorithm denoted by HSSZH. The HSSZH algorithm finds the approximate value of the global solution of a global optimization problem. Five combined stochastic conjugate gradient algorithms are constructed. The performance profiles are used to assess and compare the rendition of the family of hybrid stochastic conjugate gradient algorithms. The comparison results between our proposed HSSZH algorithm and four other hybrid stochastic conjugate gradient techniques demonstrate that the suggested HSSZH method is competitive with, and in all cases superior to, the four algorithms in terms of the efficiency, reliability and effectiveness to find the approximate solution of the global optimization problem that contains a non-convex function

Analysis of functionally graded rotating disks with variable thickness

Elastic solutions for axisymmetric rotating disks made of functionally graded material with variable thickness are presented. The material properties and disk thickness profile are assumed to be represented by two power-law distributions. In the case of hollow disk, based on the form of the power-law distribution for the mechanical properties of the constituent components and the thickness profile function, both analytical and semi-analytical solutions are given under free–free and fixed-free boundary conditions. For the solid disk, only semi-analytical solution is presented. The effects of the material grading index and the geometry of the disk on the stresses and displacements are investigated. It is found that a functionally graded rotating disk with parabolic or hyperbolic convergent thickness profile has smaller stresses and displacements compared with that of uniform thickness. It is seen that the maximum radial stress for the solid functionally graded disk with parabolic thickness profile is not at the centre like uniform thickness disk. Results of this paper suggest that a rotating functionally graded disk with parabolic concave or hyperbolic convergent thickness profile can be more efficient than the one with uniform thickness

On the Stress Analysis of Functionally Graded Gear Wheels with Variable Thickness

This paper presents the elastic solutions of the gear wheels made of functionally graded material (FGM) with variable thickness subjected to rotating loads. The material properties and wheel thickness profile are assumed to be represented by two power law distributions. Solid and hollow wheels are considered and the solutions for the stresses and displacements are given under appropriate boundary conditions. The solutions for FGM are compared with that of non-FGM, and for variable thickness and for uniform thickness. The effects of the material grading index, n, and the geometry of the wheel on the stress and displacement are investigated. It is found that a functionally graded wheel with parabolic and hyperbolic convergent thickness profile has smaller stresses and displacements compared with that with uniform thickness. The maximum radial stress for the solid functionally graded wheel with parabolic thickness profile was not at the center, whereas for solid wheel with uniform thickness, the maximum was at the center. The results obtained suggest that an FGM gear wheel with hyperbolic convergent and parabolic concave thickness profile is more suitable compared with that of uniform thickness

Photokératoconjonctivite par coup d′arc

La photokératite est une kératite douloureuse causée par l'exposition non-protégée des yeux aux rayons ultraviolets (UV). On parle de «coup d'arc» quand la photokératite est induite par le rayonnement UV émis par l′arc électrique pendant le soudage à l′arc électrique. Nous rapportons le cas d′un patient de 35 ans, sans antécédents notables, cavalier de profession qui se dit avoir regardé pendant quelques minutes, un arc électrique durant le soudage des portes du stable suite à laquelle, il a présenté une douleur oculaire bilatérale à type de brûlure associé à des larmoiements photophobie et blépharospasme. Son examen clinique a montré une acuité visuelle avec correction à 8/10 et 9/10, une hyperhémie conjonctivale avec une kératite érosive ponctuée limité à la fente palpébrale après instillation de la fluorescéine. Vu le contexte, le diagnostic d'une kératoconjonctivite par coup d'arc a été retenu. Le patient a été mis sous antibiotique topique, agents mouillants et cicatrisants. L′évolution a été marquée, par la disparition totale des signes avec une acuité visuelle qui est remonté à 10/10 en bilatérale. A travers ce cas, on illustre l′intérêt d′une prévention par un port d′équipements de protection adaptés

A Review of Antibacterial Agents in Endodontic Treatment

Microorganisms play a major role in initiation and perpetuation of pulpal and periapical diseases. Therefore, elimination of the microorganisms present in the root canal system is the fundamental objective of endodontic treatment. The use of mechanical debridement, chemical irrigation or other antimicrobial protocols and intra-canal medicaments are critical to attain this goal. The aim of this article was to review the antimicrobial agents and their properties in endodontics