The genus Tapecomys (Rodentia, Cricetidae) in Argentina: a clarification

El roedor filotino Tapecomys ha sido mencionado con 2 especies en Argentina, la típica Tapecomys primus Anderson y Yates, 2000 y Tapecomys wolffsohni (Thomas, 1902); ambas han sido reportadas como simpátricas en 1 localidad de las Yungas de Jujuy. Una revisión de estos materiales indica que la referencia a T. wolffsohni es incorrecta. En este contexto, en la selva montana solo se registra T. primus con 4 localidades en Jujuy. Otro registro para T. wolffsohni en Argentina, correspondiente a una localidad de Salta, es discutido sobre la base de una nueva aproximación morfológica. En el estado de conocimiento actual no es posible afirmar que T. wolffsohni habite el país.The 2 known species of the phyllotine rodent Tapecomys , the typical, Tapecomys primus Anderson and Yates, 2000 and Tapecomys wolffsohni (Thomas, 1902), have been cited for Argentina, and reported to be sympatric in 1 locality in the Yungas of Jujuy. A review of these materials suggest that the reference for T. wolffsohni is incorrect. In this context, only 1 species— T. primus —is present in 4 localities in the montane forests of Jujuy. A record for T. wolffsohni from 1 locality in Salta, is discussed based on a critical assessment of the morphological variation of these species. Currently it is not possible to confirm that T. wolffsohni inhabits the country.Fil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral; ArgentinaFil: Teta, Pablo Vicente. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Salazar Bravo, Jorge. Texas Tech University; Estados Unido

El Clima Laboral y su Incidencia en el Desempeño del Personal Docente de una Escuela de Educación Básica en Ecuador

El clima laboral ha sido siempre un factor importante dentro de las organizaciones, independientemente de la naturaleza de sus actividades, ya que éste, a través de una evaluación, determina su influencia en la consecución de los objetivos que se proponen, tanto personal como organizacionalmente. En la presente investigación se desarrollará un análisis del clima laboral de una Escuela de Educación Básica; a través de la aplicación de un instrumento, se analizan los factores más importantes en el clima laboral y su incidencia en el desempleo, tomando en consideración que los factores más importantes que se debe analizar son: el apoyo de las autoridades, la recompensa, el confort físico, el control y la presión de las autoridades y las relaciones entre compañeros. Se determinó que el factor de mayor incidencia es el control excesivo que se realiza por parte de las autoridades escolares, ya que dentro de este factor se analizó la presión, los plazos y el autoritarismo que existe, el mismo que, según los docentes, se lo hace de manera excesiva llegando a que muchas veces se sientan incómodos dentro de sus lugares de trabajo y se vean impedidos de acudir a las autoridades escolares ante cualquier problema

El Clima Laboral y su Incidencia en el Desempeño del Personal Docente de una Escuela de Educación Básica en Ecuador

El clima laboral ha sido siempre un factor importante dentro de las organizaciones, independientemente de la naturaleza de sus actividades, ya que éste, a través de una evaluación, determina su influencia en la consecución de los objetivos que se proponen, tanto personal como organizacionalmente. En la presente investigación se desarrollará un análisis del clima laboral de una Escuela de Educación Básica; a través de la aplicación de un instrumento, se analizan los factores más importantes en el clima laboral y su incidencia en el desempleo, tomando en consideración que los factores más importantes que se debe analizar son: el apoyo de las autoridades, la recompensa, el confort físico, el control y la presión de las autoridades y las relaciones entre compañeros. Se determinó que el factor de mayor incidencia es el control excesivo que se realiza por parte de las autoridades escolares, ya que dentro de este factor se analizó la presión, los plazos y el autoritarismo que existe, el mismo que, según los docentes, se lo hace de manera excesiva llegando a que muchas veces se sientan incómodos dentro de sus lugares de trabajo y se vean impedidos de acudir a las autoridades escolares ante cualquier problema

A New Record of \u3ci\u3eAtractus boettgeri\u3c/i\u3e (Serpentes: Colubridae), with Notes on Taxonomy and Natural History

We report a range extension of Atractus boettgeri, a rare snake endemic to Bolivia. This species differs from Atractus taeniatus by a higher segmental count (well outside the range for A. taeniatus) and by having only 6 maxillary teeth as opposed to 8-9 in A. taeniatus. In addition, A. boettgeri differs from A. emmeli in having 6-6 supralabials (versus 7-7) and fewer ventrals (175-177 versus 181-189 in females). All known records of A. boettgeri indicate an association between this species and the Cerrado vegetation of central Bolivia. This report is also unique in that the specimen reported herein was found in the stomach of a Common Long-Nosed Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus). Se reporta una extension de en la distribucion de la especie Atractus boettgeri, una serpiente endemica de Bolivia. Esta especie se diferencia de A. taeniatus por tener un numero segmental muy por encima del intervalo descrito para A. taeniatus y por tener solo 6 dientes maxilares, en vez de 8-9 en A. taeniatus. Ademas, A. boettgeri se diferencia de A. emmeli por tener escamas supralabiales en patron 6-6 (en vez de 7-7) y tener un conteo de escamas ventrales menor en hembras (175-177 versus 181-189). Incluyendo este, todos los registros conocidos para A. boettgeri parecen estar asociados con la vegetacion del Cerrado en Bolivia. El ejemplar se encontro en el estomago del tatu comun (Dasypus novemcinctus)

The Akodon boliviensis species group (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) in Argentina: species limits and distribution, with the description of a new entity

Akodon, with about 42 living species, is the most diverse genus of the subfamily Sigmodontinae. The Akodon boliviensis species group includes small-bodied, morphologically similar forms inhabiting Altiplano grasslands and grassland/forest ecotones of the eastern slope of the Andes, from central Peru to central Argentina. Northwestern Argentina contains the largest diversity of species of the group; the taxonomic treatment of these species has been based largely on unsupported and some weakly based opinions as underscored by recurrent changes. Based on morphologic and molecular data we assessed species limits among Argentinean populations of the Akodon boliviensis species group. We conclude that four species of the A. boliviensis species group inhabit northwestern Argentina. These are: A. boliviensis; A. caenosus (under which we synonymyze A. aliquantulus); A. spegazzinii (of which the nominal forms alterus, leucolimnaeus, and tucumanensis are junior synonyms); and A. sylvanus. Additionally, we described here a new species of the A. Boliviensis species group, Akodon polopi, which inhabits central Argentina. This is the only species of the A. boliviensis species group inhabiting the Sierras Grandes range (ca. 2000 m), mountain system of medium height isolated (ca., 600 km) from the main Andean chain by low elevation arid and semiarid environments. Additionally, our phylogenetic analysis suggests that the Akodon varius species group is polyphyletic.Fil: Jayat, Jorge Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ecológicas de las Yungas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Ortiz, Pablo Edmundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tucuman. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Instituto Miguel Lillo; ArgentinaFil: Salazar Bravo, Jorge. Texas Tech University; Estados UnidosFil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: D’Elía, Guillermo. Universidad de Concepción; Chil

Akodon polopi Jayat et al., 2010 is a senior subjective synomym of Akodon viridescens Braun et al., 2010

Two new taxa of species level were recently named for grass mice of the genus Akodon (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) from central Argentina: Akodon polopi Jayat, Ortiz, Salazar-Bravo, Pardiñas et D’Elía, 2010 and Akodon viridescens Braun, Mares, Coyner et Van Den Bussche, 2010. Several lines of evidence show that both taxa refer to the same biological species. Various morphologic characters enumerated by the two research teams for A. polopi and A. viridescens are coincident. The brownish coloration of the dorsal pelage, the chin with a small but distinguishable white patch, the tail of approximately 70% of head and body length, and the broad rostrum are among the diagnostic characters cited for both forms. Other additional characters mentioned in the diagnosis of only one of the nominal forms are also enumerated in the general description of the other. These include the size intermediate for the genus, the hour-glass shaped interorbital region with sharply squared posterior margins in older individuals, the anterior border of mesopterygoid fossa rounded with sides parallel or slightly diverging backward, and the parapterygoid fossae with straight and gradually divergent sides. Many additional features are mentioned for both nominal forms in their general descriptions.Fil: D' Elía, Guillermo. Universidad Austral de Chile. Instituto de Ecología y Evolución; ChileFil: Jayat, Jorge Pablo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Laboratorio de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Las Yungas; ArgentinaFil: Ortiz, Pablo Edmundo. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Instituto Miguel Lillo. Cátedra de Paleontología; ArgentinaFil: Salazar-bravo, Jorge. Texas Tech University. Department of Biological Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentin

Does the widely distributed rodent Calomys tener (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) constitute a single evolutionary unit?

The nominal species Calomys tener (Winge, 1887) ranges broadly in open lands of the Caatinga, Cerrado, Pantanal and Mata Atlântica of Brazil, and was recently reported from the Pampas of southern Brazil, and in the Selva Paranaense of eastern Paraguay and northeastern Argentina. This rodent can be infected with the pathogenic Araraquara hantavirus in Brazil. Given that most epidemiological studies have not taken into account updated taxonomic findings of their rodent hosts, in this study, we obtained sequence data of the Cyt-b and COI genes of specimens of C. tener from 22 different geographical localities from throughout the currently known distribution of the species (including individuals from Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, and Brazil) to test if it constitutes a single genetic unit or if it presents genetic discontinuities that may represent different evolutionary lineages. Phylogenetic analyses including several species of Calomys recovered several clades with strong support. Regarding C. tener, it is recovered as sister to the node that cluster C. laucha (Fischer, 1814) sensu lato, C. expulsus (Lund, 1841) and species in the C. callosus (Rengger, 1830) species complex. At the intraspecific level there are no genetic gaps among haplotypes of C. tener that could suggest more than one species. The recent captures in the Pampas of southern Brazil and in the Selva Paranaense suggest that the species may be colonizing new geographic areas.Fil: González Ittig, Raúl Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Kandel, Narayan P.. Texas Tech University. Department Of Biological Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Bonvicino, Cibele R.. Instituto Nacional de Cáncer. División de Genetica; BrasilFil: Salazar-Bravo, Jorge. Texas Tech University. Department Of Biological Sciences; Estados Unido

Viral Zoonoses That Fly with Bats: A Review

Emerging infectious diseases are a growing threat to human health and a great challenge for global medical attention systems. Governmental agencies in tropical regions with abundant zoonotic pathogens should implement an active vigilance/monitoring model in bat reservoir populations because of their species richness, abundance and dispersal capabilities. Chiropterans represent approximately 20% of all mammal species, the second largest order in terms of number of species after rodents. Importantly, bats constitute natural reservoirs for potential infection of humans of several infectious disease agents such as Coronavirus, Filovirus, Lyssavirus, Paramyxovirus, and Flavivirus. Local disease outbreaks caused by new pathogens can expand globally as a result of human intrusion on wildlife ecosystems and subsequent dispersion of pathogens facilitated by international travel—for example, what happened in 2003 during the severe acute respiratory syndrome pandemic (SARS). At this time, it is not possible to predict which pathogen will cross the species barrier in the future. Nonetheless, a better understanding of a holistic transmission process could help the design of strategies to prevent and control of future pandemics. In this work, we present a summary of the potential societal (economic and epidemiological) effect of disease outbreaks of virus families associated with bats, and the preventive and control measures that could be anticipated

Viral Zoonoses That Fly with Bats: A Review

Emerging infectious diseases are a growing threat to human health and a great challenge for global medical attention systems. Governmental agencies in tropical regions with abundant zoonotic pathogens should implement an active vigilance/monitoring model in bat reservoir populations because of their species richness, abundance and dispersal capabilities. Chiropterans represent approximately 20% of all mammal species, the second largest order in terms of number of species after rodents. Importantly, bats constitute natural reservoirs for potential infection of humans of several infectious disease agents such as Coronavirus, Filovirus, Lyssavirus, Paramyxovirus, and Flavivirus. Local disease outbreaks caused by new pathogens can expand globally as a result of human intrusion on wildlife ecosystems and subsequent dispersion of pathogens facilitated by international travel—for example, what happened in 2003 during the severe acute respiratory syndrome pandemic (SARS). At this time, it is not possible to predict which pathogen will cross the species barrier in the future. Nonetheless, a better understanding of a holistic transmission process could help the design of strategies to prevent and control of future pandemics. In this work, we present a summary of the potential societal (economic and epidemiological) effect of disease outbreaks of virus families associated with bats, and the preventive and control measures that could be anticipated