Multiframe Scene Flow with Piecewise Rigid Motion

We introduce a novel multiframe scene flow approach that jointly optimizes the consistency of the patch appearances and their local rigid motions from RGB-D image sequences. In contrast to the competing methods, we take advantage of an oversegmentation of the reference frame and robust optimization techniques. We formulate scene flow recovery as a global non-linear least squares problem which is iteratively solved by a damped Gauss-Newton approach. As a result, we obtain a qualitatively new level of accuracy in RGB-D based scene flow estimation which can potentially run in real-time. Our method can handle challenging cases with rigid, piecewise rigid, articulated and moderate non-rigid motion, and does not rely on prior knowledge about the types of motions and deformations. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real data show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art.Comment: International Conference on 3D Vision (3DV), Qingdao, China, October 201

Purification et caractérisation de la sélénoprotéine p humaine (étude préliminaire de ses propriétés anti-oxydantes)

La sélénoprotéine-P (Se-P) est une glycoprotéine plasmatique qui comporte dix atomes de sélénium. Elle transporte ainsi plus de la moitié du sélénium plasmatique chez l'homme mais sa fonction demeure mal connue. Afin d'étudier l'activité de protection de la Se-P contre l'anion peroxynitrite et mettre au point une méthode de dosage immunologique de cette protéine, nous l'avons purifiée à partir du plasma humain par l'association de deux étapes chromatographiques. Nous avons obtenu un facteur de purification de 1300 et un rendement de 32% pour cette protéine. Les analyses réalisées en gels de polyacrylamides, en western-blot et par spectrométrie de masse MALDI-TOF ont révélé que la Se-P est caractérisée par deux isoformes de poids moléculaires 57 et 61 kDa. La recherche d'une activité anti-oxydante de la Se-P purifiée a montré que les astrocytes de rat en culture primaire sont partiellement protégés des cassures d'ADN induites par les ions peroxynitrite en présence de cette protéine.Selenoprotein-P (Se-P) is an extracellular glycoprotein which contains 10 selenocysteine residues. It accounts for more than half of the selenium content in human plasma, but its function is currently unknown. In order to study the protective activity of Se-P against peroxynitrite and to finalize an immunological assay for the quantification of this protein, Se-P was purified from humain plasma using the association of two chromatographic steps. Our results showed that the purification achieves a 1300-fold enrichment with a 32% yield of Se-P. Two distinct isoforms were isolated and identified by SDS-PAGE, immunoblot and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Their molecular masses were 61 and 57 kDa. The antioxidant effect of purified Se-P was studied with rats astrocytes in primary culture stressed with peroxynitrite and assessed using the comet assay. Preliminary data demonstrated that selenoprotein P decreased the strand breaks of DNA.GRENOBLE1-BU Médecine pharm. (385162101) / SudocPARIS-BIUP (751062107) / SudocSudocFranceF

Five-Hour Detection of Intestinal Colonization with Extended-Spectrum-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Using the β-Lacta Phenotypic Test: the BLESSED Study

To both improve the efficiency of contact isolation among ESBL-PE carriers and avoid the unnecessary isolation of noncolonized patients, we should reduce the turnaround time of ESBL screening in laboratories and improve the sensitivity of diagnostic methods. The development of rapid and low-cost methods that satisfy these two goals is a promising approach

Emergence of Plasmid-Mediated Fosfomycin-Resistance Genes among Escherichia coli Isolates, France

FosA, a glutathione S-transferase that inactivates fosfomycin, has been reported as the cause of enzymatic resistance to fosfomycin. We show that multiple lineages of FosA-producing extended spectrum β-lactamase Escherichia coli have circulated in France since 2012, potentially reducing the efficacy of fosfomycin in treating infections with antimicrobial drug–resistant gram-negative bacilli

Four-hour immunochromatographic detection of intestinal carriage of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae: A validation study

International audienceThe increasing incidence of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacilli (C-PGNB) represents a major public health challenge. Rapid detection of digestive colonization with C-PGNB is fundamental to control their spread. We performed the validation of a rapid protocol for C-PGNB detection directly on rectal swabs. We developed a protocol combining enrichment by a rapid selective subculture of the rectal swab medium and realization of a Resist-4 O.K.N.V. K-SeT test on the bacterial pellet obtained. The limit of detection and performances of this protocol were validated in vitro on 52 C-PGNB strains spiked on a calibrated sample suspension and confirmed in clinical settings on 144 rectal swabs sampled from patients with C-PGNB digestive colonization (n=48) and controls (patients with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase [ESBL] colonization [n=48] and without carbapenemase/ESBL [n=48]). The protocol detected, with 100% sensitivity, the presence of the 15 OXA-48-, 14 KPC-, 13 NDM-, and 10 VIM-producing GNB from 103 CFU/ml. The limit of detection was 2 102 CFU/ml. Among the 48 C-PGNB-containing rectal swabs of the validation cohort, 46 were accurately detected. False negative were observed for 1 NDM-producing Acinetobacter baumannii strain and 1 OXA-48-producing Escherichia coli strain. The 96 control swabs were negative. Sensitivity and specificity for C-PGNB detection were 97.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 87.7 to 100) and 100% (95% CI, 96.2 to 100). The negative likelihood ratio was 0.04 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.16). Considering a C-PGNB digestive colonization prevalence between 0.01% and 0.1%, positive and negative predictive values were 100%. Our protocol is a rapid and low-cost method detecting accurately the digestive colonization with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in 4h without any requirement for specific equipment. Copyrigh

Revisiting Species Identification within the Enterobacter cloacae Complex by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

International audienceMatrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is commonly used by clinical microbiology laboratories to identify pathogens, despite some limitations of the technique. The Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) taxonomy has recently been expanded, leading to uncertain identification of some species within the ECC when commercial MALDI-TOF MS is used. This technique is especially unsuited in the case of E. hormaechei, the main species responsible for infections and one of the most prone, within the ECC, to acquire antibiotic resistance. Hence, rapid and reliable identification at the species level could improve patient management. Here, we evaluated the performance of the Bruker Microflex MALDI-TOF MS instrument to identify ECC isolates using two databases and algorithms in comparison to the hsp60 gene sequencing reference method: the Bruker database included in the MALDI Biotyper software and an extensive online database coupled to an original Mass Spectrometric Identification (MSI) algorithm. Among a panel of 94 ECC isolates tested in triplicate, the online database coupled to MSI software allowed the highest rate of identification at the species level (92%) compared to the MALDI Biotyper database (25%), especially for the species E. hormaechei (97% versus 20%). We show that by creating a database of MALDI-TOF reference spectral profiles with a high number of representatives associated with the performant MSI software, we were able to substantially improve the identification of the E. cloacae complex members, with only 8% of isolates misidentified at the species level. This online database is available through a free online MSI application (https://msi.happy-dev.fr/)

Differential Performance of the FilmArray Meningitis/Encephalitis Assay To Detect Bacterial and Viral Pathogens in Both Pediatric and Adult Populations

Based on our comparative analysis of performances of the diagnostic assays, we propose an algorithm for the use of both syndromic and specific assays, for an optimal care of the meningitis/encephalitis threat in adult and pediatric patients. , ABSTRACT Meningitis/encephalitis (ME) syndromic diagnostic assays can be applied for the rapid one-step detection of the most common pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, the comprehensive performance of multiplex assays is still under evaluation. In our multisite university hospital of eastern Paris, France, ME syndromic testing has been gradually implemented since 2017 for patients with neurological symptoms presenting to an adult or pediatric emergency unit. We analyzed the results from the BioFire FilmArray ME panel versus standard routine bacteriology and virology techniques, together with CSF cytology and clinical data, over a 2.5-year period to compare the diagnostic accuracy of the FilmArray ME panel to that of the reference methods. In total, 1,744 CSF samples from 1,334 pediatric and 336 adult patients were analyzed. False-positive (mostly bacterial) and false-negative (mostly viral) cases were deciphered with the help of clinical data. The performance of the FilmArray ME panel in our study was better for bacterial detection (specificity\,>99%, sensitivity 100%) than viral detection (specificity\,>99%, sensitivity 75% for herpes simplex virus 1 [HSV-1] and 89% for enterovirus), our study being one of the largest, to date, concerning enteroviruses. The use of a threshold of 10 leukocytes/mm 3 considerably increased the positive agreement between the results of the FilmArray ME panel and the clinical features, especially for bacterial pathogens, for which agreement increased from 58% to 87%, avoiding two-thirds of inappropriate testing. Based on this analysis, we propose an algorithm for the use of both syndromic and specific assays for the optimal management of suspected meningitis/encephalitis in adult and pediatric patients. IMPORTANCE Based on our comparative analysis of performances of the diagnostic assays, we propose an algorithm for the use of both syndromic and specific assays, for an optimal care of the meningitis/encephalitis threat in adult and pediatric patients