PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP HAK CIPTA WARISAN BUDAYA BATIK BANGSA INDONESIA DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM INTERNASIONAL

Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan perlindungan Hukum Internasional terhadap Hak Cipta Ekspresi Budaya Tradisional (EBT) Batik di Indonesia dan bagaimana bentuk pelanggaran Hak Cipta Warisan Budaya Batik Indonesia yang pernah terjadi. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, disimpulkan: 1. Perlindungan Hak Cipta terhadap Batik Indonesia menurut perspektif Internasional masih perlu untuk dikaji kembali karena sampai saat ini WIPO yang berperan sebagai organisasi kekayaan intelektual menganggap hubungan antara EBT dan hak cipta ini sangatlah rumit, sehingga dalam sidang ke-33 WIPO hanya memberi pedoman dan rekomendasi dalam permasalahan EBT yang terjadi antar negara. Selanjutnya adalah negara masing-masing yang mengatur secara rinci mengenai penyelesaian permasalahan EBT yang terjadi. Hal ini berarti dalam skala Internasional Batik yang termasuk dalam EBT tidaklah memiliki fondasi perlindungan yang kuat dikarenakan dalam sidang WIPO juga menjelaskan bahwa pemilik EBT tidak dapat menuntut apabila EBT tersebut sudah dikenal luas sehingga dapat diketahui asal muasalnya, dan jika ada orang yang membuat karya baru berdasarkan itu, hal itu masih diizinkan dan bukan sesuatu yang harus dituntut. Ini menunjukan bahwa Batik yang hanyalah sebuah motif tidaklah dapat dilindungi secara maksimal dikarenakan siapa saja dapat membuat inovasi baru bermotifkan batik. 2. Seringnya klaim yang dilakukan oleh pihak asing atas batik sangat menimbulkan pertanyaan sampai mana pemerintah bisa melindungi hak cipta atas batik. Melihat kejadian klaim batik oleh Miss Grand Malaysia pada tahun 2018 yang ternyata tidak juga dapat dikatakan sebagai tindakan “mengklaim” atau misaprosiasi atau klaim secara sepihak demi menguntungkan suatu pribadi dikarenakan Batik Parang sendiri tenyata tidak tercatat dalam 17 jenis Batik yang sudah di daftarkan pada Pusat Data Nasional. Pemerintah harusnya lebih cekatan dalam mendaftarkan segala bentuk Warisan Budaya yang ada di Indonesia agar hal-hal seperti ini tidak dapat dengan mudah terjadi. Selain itu perancang busana dari Miss Grand Malaysia tersebut sudah mengakui bahwa busana yang ia rancang memang terinspirasi dari Batik Jawa.Kata kunci:  Perlindungan Hukum, Hak Cipta,  Warisan Budaya Batik, Bangsa Indonesia, Perspektif Hukum Internasional

Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja, Beban Kerja Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Turnover Intention Perawat RS. Bhayangkara TK. III Manado

Higher nurse turnover rates will have a serious impact on hospitals in the future.  The results of this study are job satisfaction, workload and organizational commitment have a significant effect on simultaneous turnover intention. Job satisfaction has no significant effect on partial turnover intention. Workload has a positive and significant impact on partial turnover intention. Work commitment has a negative and significant effect on partial turnover intentionKeywords: Job Satisfaction, Workload, Organizational commitment, Turnover Intentio

CMOS ECCCII with Linear Tune of Rx and Its Application to Current-mode Multiplier

In this paper present CMOS second-generation current-controlled-current-conveyor based on differential pair operational transconductance amplifier. Its parasitic resistance at x-port can be linearly controlled by an input bias current. Therefore, a proposed building block is called electronically tunable second-generation current-controlled-current-conveyor (ECCCII). The application presents 2-quadrant and 4-quadrant current-mode signal multiplier circuits. Characteristics of the proposed ECCCII and its application are simulated by the PSPICE program and they are in agreement with the theory

The Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Properties of Pine Essential Oils: A Characterization and Comparison

In the forestry industry, the pine tree species are important because of their durable timber and fast growth. In Arkansas, trees such as the loblolly pine compose almost a third of the timberland, seven million acres. In addition to the lignocellulosic biomass, pine bark and needles potentially have industrial importance as a waste stream from which high value (e.g., pharmaceutical, cosmetics) chemicals could be extracted, which could potentially increase the profit margin of forestry operations. In this research, the possibility that pine needles harvested from industry processed pine tree residues could be used as an antibacterial or cytotoxic chemical agent in order to provide an added value co-product for the lumber industry was investigated. Pinus taeda (loblolly pine tree) forestry residue and Pinus echinata (shortleaf pine tree) leaf essential oils were both effective cytotoxic agents against the Caco-2 cell line (heterogeneous human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma). The P. taeda caused complete cell culture death in 24 hours at the lowest concentration used, 0.15%, while the P. echinata essential oil was effective at 0.33%, reaching complete cell death at 1.25%. Both essential oils were tested against and showed some effectiveness against cocktails of the four bacterial species: Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella enterica. Both these properties indicate that essential oils of both the P. taeda (loblolly pine tree) needle residue and P. echinata (shortleaf pine tree) needles have the potential to provide added value to the forestry industry, provided that their cytotoxic properties are further examined

Monte Carlo Study of Lepton Flavor Universality Violation in B Decays with Belle II Simulation

Belle II, the first super B-Factory experiment, is designed to make precise measurements of weak interaction parameters and search for New Physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The Standard Model of particle physics is a theory that classifies all known elementary particles and describes three of the four known fundamental forces in the universe. Physics beyond the Standard Model that addresses the theoretical developments needed to explain the deficiencies in the Standard Model is often referred to as New Physics. One of the assumptions of the Standard Model is that the couplings of particles that mediate the weak force (known as ‘W’ or ‘Z’ electroweak gauge bosons) to leptons are independent of lepton flavor. This thesis describes a study of the decay of B− → D0 τ− ντ in Belle II simulation. This decay is important to gather more information about the fundamental assumption of Lepton Flavor Universality. This thesis is organized as follows. The first sections include an introduction to the Standard Model and Lepton Universality, along with an introduction to the Belle II experiment. The following sections introduce the R(D(∗)) anomaly. The final sections explain the analysis technique and give the results of the study with Belle II simulations, along with a discussion of potential future work

IMPACT OF BOTANICAL INSECTICIDES DERIVED FROM Pangium edule Reinw AND Annona muricata L. SEED EXTRACTS ON THE “GAY GANTUNG” DIAMONDBACK MOTH, Plutella xylostella L.

Insecticidal properties of fractioned extracts from Pangium edule Reinw seed and Annona muricata seed against Plutella xylostella larvae were investigated in the laboratory. The study was initiated to investigate the possibility of using botanical pesticides to control P.xylostella, a serious cosmopolitan pest of crucifer plants. The study aims to determine the most effective concentration and the most active extract;  to evaluate the different extract concentrations on the treated larvae; and to characterize the phytochemical contents of the most effective extracts fraction. The study was an experiment initiated by test of phytochemical screening test in order to discover the presence of secondary metabolites in the extracts. It was followed by the test of mortality of the diamondback moth larvae. Furthermore, the extracts hexane fraction and etanol fraction, were conducted with completely randomized design; The LC50 values were determined following probit analysis, the data were treated in the software programme IBM Statistic SPSS 20. Results showed that n-hexane fraction is the most effective againts larvae (LC50-48h = 12,71 mg/L) from P.edule seed extract, (LC50-48h = 50,81 mg/L) from A.muricata seed extract. Larva mortality was highest using 1000 ppm n-hexane fraction (96,6%) derived from P.edule seed extract, (93,3%) derived from A.muricata seed extract. The ethanol fraction tested positive for alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol and tannins. N-hexane fraction of P.edule seed extract, and A.muricata seed extract are an effective botanical insecticides exhibiting larvicidal and antifeedant properties against P.xylostella thus it can be alternative to synthethic insecticides. Results indicate that these botanical insecticides have good possibilities for control of P.xylostella. Further work is necessary to evaluate and characterize the active components of the extract fractions and its efficacy in the fieldInsecticidal properties of fractioned extracts from Pangium edule Reinw seed and Annona muricata seed against Plutella xylostella larvae were investigated in the laboratory. The study was initiated to investigate the possibility of using botanical pesticides to control P.xylostella, a serious cosmopolitan pest of crucifer plants. The study aims to determine the most effective concentration and the most active extract;  to evaluate the different extract concentrations on the treated larvae; and to characterize the phytochemical contents of the most effective extracts fraction. The study was an experiment initiated by test of phytochemical screening test in order to discover the presence of secondary metabolites in the extracts. It was followed by the test of mortality of the diamondback moth larvae. Furthermore, the extracts hexane fraction and etanol fraction, were conducted with completely randomized design; The LC50 values were determined following probit analysis, the data were treated in the software programme IBM Statistic SPSS 20. Results showed that n-hexane fraction is the most effective againts larvae (LC50-48h = 12,71 mg/L) from P.edule seed extract, (LC50-48h = 50,81 mg/L) from A.muricata seed extract. Larva mortality was highest using 1000 ppm n-hexane fraction (96,6%) derived from P.edule seed extract, (93,3%) derived from A.muricata seed extract. The ethanol fraction tested positive for alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol and tannins. N-hexane fraction of P.edule seed extract, and A.muricata seed extract are an effective botanical insecticides exhibiting larvicidal and antifeedant properties against P.xylostella thus it can be alternative to synthethic insecticides. Results indicate that these botanical insecticides have good possibilities for control of P.xylostella. Further work is necessary to evaluate and characterize the active components of the extract fractions and its efficacy in the fiel

PENGARUH PENGUNAAN BEBERAPA JENIS FILLER TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA CHICKEN NUGGET AYAM PETELUR AFKIR

THE INFLUENCE OF THE USE OF VARIOUS FILLERS TOWARDS THE CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHICKEN NUGGET. The objectives in this research is to observe and study the fillers that vary in producing the formulation of chicken nugget which were received by the consumers observed from the physical. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Science Sam Ratulangi University Manado, The Laboratory of Nutrient Faculty of Animal Science Sam Ratulangi University Manado. The material used in this research was meat and fat of non-productive layer (culled) as much as 6400 gram, devided into 16 samples, each sample weighed 100 gram fat and 300 gram meat. The research was carried out through an experient, a completely randomized design with four replications. The fillers used in this treatment were; T1 (Sago), T2 (Tapioka) T3 (Maizena), T4 (Glutten Rice). The Quality of chicken nugget according to the parameter ini this research was as follows; the chemical characteristic (pH, water, ash, fat, protein, and carbohydrate level). From the result of this research it was concluded that the filler which used tapioca (T2) and Sago (T1), had produced chicken nugget which was much better, compared to the use of maizena (T3), glutten rice flour (T4), and generally accepted by the consumers, supported by their characteristics.Keyword: Filler, Chicken Nugget, chemical characteristi

Mispronounced Consonants of Basic Listening and Speaking Students of Universitas Klabat

Oral proficiency has been one of the important goals in teaching English as a Foreign Languange (EFL) since it is important not only in communication, but also in other language skills such as reading and writing, which obviously overlay the path to student\u27s academic achievement. A study was conducted to examine mispronounced words by 34 EFL Freshmen FKIP students at the Klabat University who were taking Basic Listening and Speaking Subject. More specifically, this study aimed to find out the mispronounced voiced and voiceless consonants. To analyze the obtained data, a descriptive-quantitative method was used. The study is based on findings derived from a list of selected 397 English words taken from the students\u27 textbook. The words chosen appeared with their minimal pairs.Findings showed that the students could produce voiceless /p/, /k/, and /s/ sounds correctly but mispronounced the other five voiceless sounds: /t/, /k/, /f/, /θ/, /ʃ/, /ʧ/ and voiced consonant sounds: /b/, /d/, /g/, /v/, /ð/, /z/, /ʒ/, /ʤ/. The mispronunciation occurred elsewhere regardless the position of the consonants: initial, middle or final position

Milk production in Finnsheep and Romanov breeds

The Finn, Romanov and several U.S. sheep breeds were machine milked to obtain information on several measures of milk production and milk composition. Data were obtained over at wo year to four year period utilizing 146 purebred ewe records and 165 crossbred ewe records. The level of milk production for a 130 day lactation period for the breeds evaluated was generally low compared to traditional European dairy breeds. The least-squares overall mean for milk yield was 68.8 liters. The Suffolk (80.5 liters) and the Rambouillet (75.3 liters) were superior. The Targhee, Dorset and Lincoln breeds followed in order for milk yield. The Finn (64.0 liters) and Romanov (39.1 liters) were lowest. Finn sired crossbred ewes had the highest level of milk production (84.4 liters) in a four breed diallel mating design of Finn, Dorset, Lincoln and Rambouillet breeds. A value of 15.4 % was found for heterosis in milk production

Impact Of Botanical Insecticides Derived From Pangium Edule Reinw And Annona Muricata L. Seed Extracts On The “Gay Gantung” Diamondback Moth, Plutella Xylostella L.

Insecticidal properties of fractioned extracts from Pangium edule Reinw seed and Annona muricata seed against Plutella xylostella larvae were investigated in the laboratory. The study was initiated to investigate the possibility of using botanical pesticides to control P.xylostella, a serious cosmopolitan pest of crucifer plants. The study aims to determine the most effective concentration and the most active extract; to evaluate the different extract concentrations on the treated larvae; and to characterize the phytochemical contents of the most effective extracts fraction. The study was an experiment initiated by test of phytochemical screening test in order to discover the presence of secondary metabolites in the extracts. It was followed by the test of mortality of the diamondback moth larvae. Furthermore, the extracts hexane fraction and etanol fraction, were conducted with completely randomized design; The LC50 values were determined following probit analysis, the data were treated in the software programme IBM Statistic SPSS 20. Results showed that n-hexane fraction is the most effective againts larvae (LC50-48h = 12,71 mg/L) from P.edule seed extract, (LC50-48h = 50,81 mg/L) from A.muricata seed extract. Larva mortality was highest using 1000 ppm n-hexane fraction (96,6%) derived from P.edule seed extract, (93,3%) derived from A.muricata seed extract. The ethanol fraction tested positive for alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol and tannins. N-hexane fraction of P.edule seed extract, and A.muricata seed extract are an effective botanical insecticides exhibiting larvicidal and antifeedant properties against P.xylostella thus it can be alternative to synthethic insecticides. Results indicate that these botanical insecticides have good possibilities for control of P.xylostella. Further work is necessary to evaluate and characterize the active components of the extract fractions and its efficacy in the fieldInsecticidal properties of fractioned extracts from Pangium edule Reinw seed and Annona muricata seed against Plutella xylostella larvae were investigated in the laboratory. The study was initiated to investigate the possibility of using botanical pesticides to control P.xylostella, a serious cosmopolitan pest of crucifer plants. The study aims to determine the most effective concentration and the most active extract; to evaluate the different extract concentrations on the treated larvae; and to characterize the phytochemical contents of the most effective extracts fraction. The study was an experiment initiated by test of phytochemical screening test in order to discover the presence of secondary metabolites in the extracts. It was followed by the test of mortality of the diamondback moth larvae. Furthermore, the extracts hexane fraction and etanol fraction, were conducted with completely randomized design; The LC50 values were determined following probit analysis, the data were treated in the software programme IBM Statistic SPSS 20. Results showed that n-hexane fraction is the most effective againts larvae (LC50-48h = 12,71 mg/L) from P.edule seed extract, (LC50-48h = 50,81 mg/L) from A.muricata seed extract. Larva mortality was highest using 1000 ppm n-hexane fraction (96,6%) derived from P.edule seed extract, (93,3%) derived from A.muricata seed extract. The ethanol fraction tested positive for alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenol and tannins. N-hexane fraction of P.edule seed extract, and A.muricata seed extract are an effective botanical insecticides exhibiting larvicidal and antifeedant properties against P.xylostella thus it can be alternative to synthethic insecticides. Results indicate that these botanical insecticides have good possibilities for control of P.xylostella. Further work is necessary to evaluate and characterize the active components of the extract fractions and its efficacy in the fiel